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Archiacanthocephala
Archiacanthocephala is a class within the phylum of Acanthocephala. They are parasitic worms that attach themselves to the intestinal wall of terrestrial vertebrates, including humans. They are characterised by the body wall and the lemnisci (which are a bundle of sensory nerve fibers), which have nuclei that divide without spindle formation, or the appearance of chromosomes, or it has a few amoebae-like giant nuclei. Typically, there are eight separate cement glands in the male, which is one of the few ways to distinguish the dorsal and ventral sides of these organisms. Taxonomy Genetic data are not available for the genus ''Apororhynchus'' in public databases, and ''Apororhynchus'' has not been included in Phylogenetics, phylogenetic analyses thus far due to insufficiency of Morphology (biology), morphological data. However, the lack of features such as an absence of a muscle plate, a wikt:midventral, midventral wikt:longitudinal, longitudinal muscle, wikt:lateral, lateral recep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligacanthorhynchida
Oligacanthorhynchida is an order containing a single parasitic worm family, Oligacanthorhynchidae,Encyclopedia of Life www.eol.org that attach themselves to the intestinal wall of terrestrial vertebrates. Taxonomy and description Genera ''Oligacanthorhynchida'' contains twelve genera. Cucullanorhynchus The genus ''Cucullanorhynchus'' Amin, Ha and Heckmann, 2008 is named for the anterior hood. It was described in 2008 based on samples collected from the intestines of mammals between 1998 and 2004 in Vietnam. ''C. constrictruncatus'' is the only species in the genus. It has been found in the intestine of the leopard (''Panthera pardus'') in Vietnam. The trunk has an anterior hood in both sexes and a posterior constriction in females. The species name derives from this constriction near the posterior end of females. Heptamegacanthus ''Heptamegacanthus'' is a monotypic genus with ''Heptamegacanthus niekerki'' being the only species. It is a parasite of the endangered giant gold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediorhynchus
''Mediorhynchus'' is a genus of small parasitic spiny-headed (or thorny-headed) worms. Phylogenetic analysis has been conducted on two known species of ''Mediorhynchus'' and confirmed the placement along with the related genus Gigantorhynchus in the family Gigantorhynchida. The distinguishing features of this order among archiacanthocephalans is a divided proboscis (specifically, the presence of a "teloboscis" which is the posterior third of a proboscis). This genus contains fifty-eight species that are distributed globally. These worms exclusively parasitize birds by attaching themselves around the cloaca using their hook-covered proboscis. The bird hosts are of different orders. Taxonomy ''Mediorhynchus'' is monophyletic based on phylogenetic analysis. Description Species can be identified primarily morphologically by the arrangement of hooks of the proboscis. The presence of a divided proboscis (specifically, the presence of a "teloboscis" which is the posterior third of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gigantorhynchida
Gigantorhynchida is an order containing a single family, Gigantorhynchidae of Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms, also known as spiny-headed worms) that parasitize vertebrates by attaching themselves to the intestinal wall of their host. There are over 60 species classified into three genera in Gigantorhynchida '' Gigantorhynchus'', '' Intraproboscis'', and '' Mediorhynchus''. Taxonomy Phylogenetically, the family Gigantorhynchidae is sister to the family Moniliformidae, represented by sequences of ''Moniliformis Moniliformis'' that form a supported monophyletic group. The group formed by Gigantorhynchidae and Moniliformidae suggest it to be a sister to the group formed by sequences of ''Macracanthorhynchus ingens'' and ''Oncicola venezuelensis'' A new taxonomic analysis has been performed. Genera Gigantorhynchida contains three genera. Gigantorhynchus The genus ''Gigantorhynchus'' contains six species with ''G. echinodiscus'' as the type species. It was described by Hama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oncicola Venezuelensis
''Oncicola'' is a genus of parasitic worms belonging to the family Oligacanthorhynchidae. ''Oncicola'' belongs to the phylum Acanthocephalans that include many thorny-headed worms. This family contains 12 genera including the genus ''Oncicola''. ''Oncicola'' is a part of the phylum Acanthocephalans that include many thorny-headed worms. The name comes from the prefix onc- meaning “barbed” and -cola meaning “to inhabit” in Latin. It was named and discovered in 1916 by Travassos. These worms are defined by their parasitic nature which involves hook structures found at their front end. Taxonomy Phylogenetic analysis has been conducted on one of the species in the genus, ''O. venezuelensis''. Description Each worm is around 8–15 mm long with males typically being smaller than the females. They are typically white to yellow in color and globular shaped. They have a short proboscis at the front of the body with around 36 small hooks that vary in shape and size. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gigantorhynchus Echinodiscus
''Gigantorhynchus'' is a genus of Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms, also known as spiny-headed worms) that parasitize marsupials, anteaters, and possibly baboons by attaching themselves to the intestines using their hook-covered proboscis. Their life cycle includes an egg stage found in host feces, a cystacanth (larval) stage in an intermediate host such as termites, and an adult stage where cystacanths mature in the intestines of the host. This genus is characterized by a cylindrical proboscis with a crown of robust hooks at the apex followed by numerous small hooks on the rest of the proboscis, a long body with pseudosegmentation, filiform lemnisci, and ellipsoid testes. The largest known specimen is the female ''G. ortizi'' with a length of around and a width of . Genetic analysis on one species of ''Gigantorhynchus'' places it with the related genus ''Mediorhynchus'' in the family Gigantorhynchidae. Six species in this genus are distributed across Central and South ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moniliformida
Moniliformidae is a family of parasitic spiny-headed (or thorny-headed) worms. It is the only family in the Moniliformida order and contains three genera: ''Australiformis'' containing a single species, ''Moniliformis'' containing eighteen species and ''Promoniliformis'' containing a single species. Genetic analysis have determined that the clade is monophyletic despite being distributed globally. These worms primarily parasitize mammals, including humans in the case of ''Moniliformis moniliformis'', and occasionally birds by attaching themselves into the intestinal wall using their hook-covered proboscis. The intermediate hosts are mostly cockroaches. The distinguishing features of this order among archiacanthocephalans is the presence of a cylindrical proboscis with long rows of hooks with posteriorly directed roots and proboscis retractor muscles that pierce both the posterior and ventral end or just posterior end of the receptacle. Infestation with Monoliformida species can ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macracanthorhynchus Ingens
''Macracanthorhynchus'', also known as the giant thorny-headed worm of swine, is a member of the Oligacanthorhynchidae which contains four species. Taxonomy Phylogenetic analysis has been conducted on at least one of the four species in the genus, '' M. ingens'', and confirms that this species beongs to the family Oligacanthorhynchidae. The type species is '' M. hirudinaceus''. Description ''Macracanthorhynchus '' consists of a proboscis covered in hooks and a long trunk. Species There are four species in the genus Macracanthorhynchus. *''Macracanthorhynchus catulinus'' Kostylev, 1927 The encysted larvae of ''M. catulinus'' beetle '' Adesmia gebleri'' from the Kara Kum region are 6.32 mm long and have a proboscis 0.57 mm long with 12 longitudinal rows of three hooks each. The size of the hooks varies from 0.25 mm to 0.11 mm. Small vertebrates, such as the badger and weasel may be reservoir hosts. Pre-acanthellae and acanthellae of ''M. catulinus'' were found infesting '' T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apororhynchida
''Apororhynchus'' is a genus of small parasitic spiny-headed (or thorny-headed) worms. It is the only genus in the family Apororhynchidae, which in turn is the only member of the order Apororhynchida. A lack of features commonly found in the phylum Acanthocephala (primarily musculature) suggests an evolutionary branching from the other three orders of class Archiacanthocephala; however no genetic analysis has been completed to determine the evolutionary relationship between species. The distinguishing features of this order among archiacanthocephalans is a highly enlarged proboscis which contain small hooks. The musculature around the proboscis (the proboscis receptacle and receptacle protrusor) is also structured differently in this order. This genus contains six species that are distributed globally, being collected sporadically in Hawaii, Europe, North America, South America, and Asia. These worms exclusively parasitize birds by attaching themselves around the cloaca using the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
