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Arab League
The Arab League (, ' ), officially the League of Arab States (, '), is a regional organization in the Arab world. The Arab League was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945, initially with seven members: Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt, Kingdom of Iraq, Iraq, Emirate of Transjordan, Transjordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, First Syrian Republic, Syria, and Kingdom of Yemen, North Yemen. Currently, the League has member states of the Arab League, 22 members. The League's main goal is to "draw closer the relations between member states and co-ordinate collaboration between them, to safeguard their independence and sovereignty, and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries". The organization has received a relatively low level of cooperation throughout its history. Through institutions, notably the Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO) and the Economic and Social Council of its Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU), the League f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greater Arab Free Trade Area
The Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) (Arabic: مجلس الوحدة الاقتصادية العربية) was founded by Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen on May 30, 1964, following an agreement in 1957 by the Economic and Social Council (Arab League), Economic Council of the Arab League. Objectives According to The Economic Unity Agreement approved on June 3, 1957, the Council of Arab Economic Unity desires to "Organize and consolidate economic relations among the States of the Arab League on bases that are consistent with the natural and historical links among them; and to provide the best conditions for flourishing their economies, developing their resources and ensuring the prosperity of their countries." The bases of economic relations between states in the Council of Arab Economic Unity are outlined in Chapter 1, Articles 1 and 2 of The Economic Unity Agreement: Article 1 Art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of The Arab League
The flag of the Arab League comprises a green banner bearing the seal of the Arab League. The twenty-two links in the chain represent the twenty-two members of the League at the time of the flag's adoption. The script gives the name of the organization: "League of Arab States". There are also several flags for the Arab League, usually seen at Arab League summits: one, a color-inverted Arab League flag with a white background for the President of the summit was clearly seen in the Arab League Summit in Beirut in 2002. Older Arab League flags have the chains in red or black, the Arabic script in black or gold with green or white crescents, usually adopted in the 1950s to the 1970s. History The flag was adopted on March 8, 1945 as the organization's national flag. The creator of the flag is unknown. The flag serves as an official flag for Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Member States Of The Arab League
The Arab League has 22 member states. It was founded in Cairo in March 1945 with seven members: the Kingdom of Egypt, the Kingdom of Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Republic, Transjordan (Jordan from 1949), and North Yemen (later becoming Yemen). Membership increased during the second half of the 20th century. Seven countries have observer status. The headquarters are located in Cairo, Egypt. List of current member states List of current observer states Seven countries are observer states—a status that entitles them to express their opinion and give advice but denies them voting rights. These are Eritrea, where Arabic is one of the official languages, as well as Brazil and Venezuela, which have large and influential Arab communities. India is another observer of the Arab League, with a sizable number of people claiming Arab descent. Armenia was granted observer status in 2004. Chad was granted observer status in 2005. Greece became an observer state in 2021. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qatari Riyal
The Qatari riyal (currency sign, sign: QR in Latin alphabet, Latin, in Arabic script, Arabic; ISO 4217, ISO code: QAR) is the official currency of the Qatar, State of Qatar. It is divided into 100 dirhams (). History Until 1966, Qatar used the Indian rupee as its currency, in the form of Gulf rupees. When India devalued the rupee in 1966, Qatar, along with the other states using the Gulf rupee, chose to introduce its own currency. Before doing so, Qatar briefly adopted the Saudi riyal, then introduced the Qatar and Dubai riyal following the signing of the Qatar-Dubai Currency Agreement on 21 March 1966. The Saudi riyal was worth 1.065 Gulf rupees, whilst the Qatar and Dubai riyal was equal to the Gulf rupee prior to its devaluation. Initially pegged with Pound sterling, sterling at one shilling and six pence (1s. 6d.) per riyal, its value was changed to one shilling and nine pence (1s. 9d.) when sterling was devalued in 1967, maintaining its value in relation to gold. Follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omani Rial
The Omani rial (, ISO 4217 code OMR) is the currency of Oman. It is divided into 1000 ''paisa, baisa'' (also written ''baiza'', ). Fixed exchange rate From 1973 to 1986, the rial was pegged to the United States dollar, U.S. dollar at 1 Omani rial = US$2.895. The rate was changed in 1986 to 1 Omani rial = US$2.6008, which translates to approximately US$1 = 0.384497 rial. It is as of 2024 the third-highest-valued currency unit in the world after the Kuwaiti dinar and the Bahraini dinar. As of 2025 still, the Central Bank of Oman bought U.S. dollars at 0.384 Omani rial, and sold U.S. dollars at 0.385 Omani rial. History Until 1940, the Indian rupee and the Maria Theresa thaler (known locally as the rial due to its similar size to the Spanish dollar, Spanish eight-real coin) were the main currencies circulating in Muscat and Oman, as the state was then known, with Indian rupees circulating on the coast and thaler in the interior. Maria Theresa thaler were valued at 230 paisa, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moroccan Dirham
The Moroccan dirham (, ; Currency symbol, sign: DH; code: MAD) is the official monetary currency of Morocco. It is issued by the Bank Al-Maghrib, the central bank of Morocco. One Moroccan dirham is subdivided into 100 ''santimat'' (singular: santim; ). The exchange rate of the Moroccan dirham is determined within a band of fluctuation of ± 5 percent compared to a central rate established by Bank Al-Maghrib, the central bank of Morocco on the basis of a currency basket composed of the euro and United States dollar by up to 60% and 40% respectively. History The word ''dirham'' derives from the Greek currency, the ''Ancient drachma, drachma''. The Idrissid dirham, a silver coin, was minted in Morocco under the Idrisid dynasty from the 8th to 10th centuries. Before the introduction of a modern coinage in 1882, Morocco issued copper coins denominated in ''falus'', silver coins denominated in ''dirham'', and gold coins denominated in ''benduqi''. From 1882, the dirham became a subdivi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauritanian Ouguiya
The ouguiya ( (); sign: UM; code: MRU), at one time spelled "ougiya", is the currency of Mauritania. Each ouguiya constitutes five khoums (meaning "one fifth"). The current ouguiya was introduced in 2018, replacing the old ouguiya at a rate of 1 new ouguiya = 10 old ouguiya, which in turn replaced the CFA franc at a rate of 1 old ouguiya = 5 francs. The name ''ouguiya'' () is the Hassaniya Arabic pronunciation of '' uqiyyah'' ), meaning "ounce". First Ouguiya (MRO) Coins In 1973, coins of (1 khoums), 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 ouguiya were introduced into circulation. This was the only year that the khoums was minted, as the ouguiya was worth five CFA Francs a khoums was the equivalent of the franc (which had no subdivision). The most recent issues were in 2003 (1 ouguiya) and 2004 (other denominations). Coins are minted at the Kremnica mint in Slovakia. The coinage slightly changed in 2009, with a reduced 1 ouguiya in plated composition and a bi-metallic 20 ouguiya issued. A bi-me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libyan Dinar
The dinar ( (); sign: LD in Latin, ل.د in Arabic; code: LYD) is the official currency of Libya. The dinar is divided into 1,000 dirhams (). It is issued by the Central Bank of Libya, which also supervises the banking system and regulates credit. History It was introduced in September 1971 and replaced the pound at par. The currency was pegged to the special drawing rights at a rate of 2.80 SDRs per dinar. In 1972, the Libyan Arab Foreign Bank was established to deal with overseas investment. In February 1973, the dinar was pegged to the US dollar at a rate of 0.29679 dinar per dollar (LD 1 = US$3.37), which was maintained until 1986. The peg was switched to the special drawing rights on 18 March 1986, with 1 dinar = 2.80 SDRs. On 1 May 1986, the dinar was allowed to trade in a 7.5% range of 2.80 SDRs. This range was expanded several times. The currency started to devalue gradually relative to the US dollar in the mid-1990s, reaching a value of US$1.55 in 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Pound
The lira or pound is the currency of Lebanon. It was formerly divided into 100 piastres (or ''qirsh'' in Arabic) but, because of high inflation during the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990), subunits were discontinued. The plural of lira is either ''lirat'' ( ) or invariant, whilst there are four forms for ''qirsh'': the dual ''qirshān'' () used with number 2, the plural ''qurush'' () used with numbers 3–10, the accusative singular ''qirshan'' (قرشًا) used with 11–99, and the genitive singular ''qirsh'' (قرش) used with multiples of 100. The number determines which plural form is used. All of Lebanon's coins and banknotes are bilingual in Arabic and French. From December 1997 through January 2023, the exchange rate was fixed at LL 1,507.50 per US dollar. However, since the 2020 economic crisis in Lebanon, exchange at this rate was generally unavailable, and an informal currency market developed with much higher exchange rates. On 1 February 2023, the Centr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuwaiti Dinar
The Kuwaiti dinar (, code: KWD) is the currency of Kuwait. It is sub-divided into 1,000 fulūs. As of 2023, the Kuwaiti dinar is the currency with the highest value per base unit, with KD 1 equalling US$3.26, ahead of the Bahraini dinar with BD 1 equalling US$2.65 and Omani rial at US$2.60. History The dinar was introduced in 1961 to replace the Gulf rupee, equal to the Indian rupee. It was initially equivalent to £1 sterling. As the rupee was fixed at 1''s''. 6''d''., that resulted in a conversion rate of Rs. to KD 1. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Iraqi dinar replaced the Kuwaiti dinar as the currency and large quantities of banknotes were stolen by the invading forces. After liberation, the Kuwaiti dinar was restored as the country's currency and a new series of banknotes was introduced to replace the previous notes, including the ones that were stolen. Coins The coins in the following table were introduced in 1961. The design of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordanian Dinar
The Jordanian dinar (; ISO 4217, code: JOD; unofficially abbreviated as JD) has been the currency of Jordan since 1950. The dinar is divided into 100 qirsh (also called piastres) or 1000 fils (currency), fulus. Fils are effectively obsolete; however, monetary amounts are still written to three decimal places representing fils. It is pegged to the US dollar. The Central Bank of Jordan commenced operations in 1965 and became the sole issuer of Jordanian currency, in place of the Jordan Currency Board. The Jordanian dinar is also widely used in the West Bank alongside the Israeli new shekel, Israeli shekel. History In 1927, the British administration of the Palestinian Mandate established the Palestine Currency Board which issued the Palestine pound which was the official currency in both Mandatory Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan. Though Jordan became an independent kingdom on 25 May 1946, it continued to use the Palestinian pound for a while. In 1949, it passed the Prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraqi Dinar
The Iraqi dinar (ISO 4217, code: IQD; ), ) is the currency of Iraq. The Iraqi dinar is issued by the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI). On 7 February 2023, the exchange rate with the US dollar was US$1 = 1300 dinars. History The Iraqi dinar entered circulation on 1 April 1932, replacing the Indian rupee, which had been the official currency since the Mesopotamian campaign, British occupation of the country in World War I, at a rate of 1 dinar = 11 rupees. The dinar was pegged at par with Pound sterling, sterling until 1959 when, without changing its value, the peg was switched to the United States dollar at the rate of IQD 1 = US$2.80. By not following the US devaluations in 1971 and 1973, the official rate rose to US$3.3778, before a 5% devaluation reduced its rate to US$3.2169, a rate which remained until the Gulf War in 1990, although in late 1989 the black market rate was reported at five to six times higher than the official rate. Post-1990 developments After the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
