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André Bergeron
André Louis Bergeron (1 January 1922 – 19 September 2014) was a French people, French trade union leader. Born in Suarce, Bergeron was brought up in the Plymouth Brethren faith, but broke with it while still at school, joining the Socialist Youth. He started an apprenticeship in printing, and joined a union affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (France), General Confederation of Labour (CGT), but the printing company closed in 1939, before he had qualified, and he instead found work with Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones (France), Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones. During World War II, he avoided serving in the Nazi forces, and in 1941 was arrested, spending much of the war interned in Austria, undertaking forced labour. After the war, Bergeron moved to Belfort and to printing, and in 1946, he was elected as secretary of the local typographers' union. Along with the majority of local trade unionists, he left the CGT and joined the new Workers' Force ...
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Workers' Force
The General Confederation of Labor - Workers' Force (, or simply , FO), is one of the five major union confederations in France. In terms of following, it is the third behind the CGT and the CFDT. Force Ouvrière was founded in 1948 by former members of the General Confederation of Labor (CGT) who denounced the dominance of the French Communist Party over that federation. FO is a member of the European Trade Union Confederation. Its leader is Frédéric Souillot, since June 2022. History After World War II, members of the French Communist Party attained considerable influence within the CGT, controlling 21 of its 30 federations. The communists, at the time in the French government, used their positions inside the CGT to stop strikes in the name of the "battle for national production". Maurice Thorez, the leader of the PCF, make a telling declaration : "Strike is the tool of the capitalist trusts". For quite a number of union members, this attitude is a betrayal of the 1906 ...
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Book Federation
The Book Federation () is a trade union representing workers in the printing industry in France. The union was founded in September 1949 by printing industry workers who supported Workers' Force (FO). The industry was dominated by the French Federation of Book Workers, the equivalent General Confederation of Labour-affiliated union, which had closed shop agreements in many workplaces, and the Book Federation struggled to recruit members.{{cite web , title=MAGNIER Pierre , url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article119439 , website=Le Maitron , accessdate=15 May 2020 The union was initially led by André Bergeron, but he had a number of other roles, and it was effectively run by Pierre Magnier, who became its second leader. General Secretaries :1949: André Bergeron André Louis Bergeron (1 January 1922 – 19 September 2014) was a French people, French trade union leader. Born in Suarce, Bergeron was brought up in the Plymouth Brethren faith, but broke with it while still ...
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French Trade Union Leaders
French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), a 2008 film * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a type of military jacket or tunic * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French (catheter scale), a unit of measurement * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French Revolution (other) * French River (other), several rivers and other places * Frenching (other) * Justice French (other) Justice French may refer to: * C. G ...
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2014 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ...
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1922 Births
Events January * January 7 – Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic), Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes. * January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann, the day after Éamon de Valera resigns. * January 11 – The first successful insulin treatment of diabetes is made, by Frederick Banting in Toronto. * January 15 – Michael Collins (Irish leader), Michael Collins becomes Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State. * January 26 – Italian forces occupy Misrata, Italian Libya, Libya; the Pacification of Libya, reconquest of Libya begins. February * February 6 ** Pope Pius XI (Achille Ratti) succeeds Pope Benedict XV, to become the 259th pope. ** The Washington Naval Treaty, Five Power Naval Disarmament Treaty is signed between the United States, United Kingdom, Empire of Japan, Japan, French Third Republic, France and Kingdom of Italy, Italy. Japan returns some ...
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May 1968
The following events occurred in May 1968: May 1, 1968 (Wednesday) *In Dallas, at its first meeting since its creation through a merger, the United Methodist Church removed its rule that Methodist ministers could not drink alcohol nor smoke tobacco. *CARIFTA, the Caribbean Free Trade Association, was formally created as an agreement between Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago. *RAF Strike Command was created within the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force by the consolidation of RAF Bomber Command and RAF Fighter Command. *Born: Oliver Bierhoff, German soccer football striker and national team member who scored the first "golden goal" in international play; in Karlsruhe *Died: Jack Adams, 73, Canadian ice hockey player, Detroit Red Wings head coach, and Hockey Hall of Fame inductee. The National Hockey League's award for the coach of the year is named in his honor. May 2, 1968 (Thursday) *Staff Sergeant Roy Benavidez of the U.S. Army's 5th Special ...
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French Communist Party
The French Communist Party (, , PCF) is a Communism, communist list of political parties in France, party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its Member of the European Parliament, MEPs sit with The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group. The PCF was founded in 1920 by Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist members of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) who supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Russian Revolution. It became a member of the Communist International, and followed a Marxist-Leninist line under the leadership of Maurice Thorez. In response to the threat of fascism, the PCF joined the socialist Popular Front (France), Popular Front which won the 1936 election, but it did not participate in government. During World War II, it was outlawed by the occupying Germans and became a key element of the French Resistance, Resistance. The PCF participated in the provisional government of the Liberation of France, Li ...
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International Confederation Of Free Trade Unions
The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) was an international trade union. It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) to form the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC). Prior to being dissolved, the ICFTU had a membership of 157 million members in 225 affiliated organisations in 148 countries and territories. History In 1949, early in the Cold War, alleging Communism, Communist domination of the WFTU's central institutions, a large number of non-communist national trade union federations (including the U.S. Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), the British Trades Union Congress, TUC, the French Force Ouvrière, FO, the Italian Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions, CISL and the Spanish Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT) seceded and created the rival ICFTU at a conference ...
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Algerian Independence
An independence referendum was held in French Algeria on 1 July 1962. It followed French approval of the Évian Accords in an April referendum. Voters were asked whether Algeria should become an independent state, co-operating with France; 99.72% voted in favour with a voter turnout of 91.88%. Following the referendum, France declared Algeria to be independent on 3 July; the decision was published in the official journal the following day, and Algerian leaders declared 5 July (the 132nd anniversary of the French arrival in Algiers) to be Independence Day. When Algeria ceased to be part of France it also ceased being part of the European Communities. Background The Algerian War was started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) with the Toussaint Rouge attacks on 1 November 1954. Conflicts proliferated in France, including the May 1958 Algerian crisis that led to the fall of the Fourth Republic. French forces used brutal means of attempting to suppress Algerian na ...
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International Graphical Federation
The International Graphical Federation (IGF) was a global union federation bringing together unions of printing workers around the world. History Moved to establish the federation began in 1939, when the Lithographers' International, International Typographers' Secretariat, and International Federation of Bookbinders and Kindred Trades, agreed to merge. However, due to World War II, no progress was made until 1946, when the British Printing and Kindred Trades Federation established a committee which drafted a constitution for a merged organisation. The federation was established at its first meeting, in Stockholm in 1949. It agreed to operate on a non-political basis, instead focusing on responses to technical developments in the industry, and sharing information on industrial disputes, employment and health and safety standards in each country. The federation had three boards, covering typography, lithography and bookbinding, and each agreed policies which were put to the ...
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Irving Brown
Irving Brown (November 20, 1911 – February 10, 1989) was an American trade unionist and leader in the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and subsequently the AFL-CIO. Brown played a prominent role in Western Europe and Africa during the Cold War in splintering communist-led labor movements. Along with expelled former Communist Party of the USA member Jay Lovestone, he founded the American Institute for Free Labor Development in 1962. Early life Born in the Bronx, New York City, in 1911, he became a boxer before he joined a trade union, where he clashed with the Teamsters. He studied at New York University and at the Columbia University.Staff writer (Mar. 17, 1952)"The Most Dangerous Man."''Time''. During the latter half of the 1930s, Brown was an organizer for the Automobile Workers Union. In 1940 Brown began to organize for the American Federation of Labor on a national level, and by 1942 Brown had become a labor representative to the War Production Board. As a lieut ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ...
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