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Anabantiformes
The Anabantiformes , is an Order (biology), order of bony fish (Teleostei) proposed in 2009. They are collectively known as labyrinth fish, are an Order (biology), order of air-breathing freshwater Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish with three suborders, eight Family (biology), families, and at least 350 species. This order is the sister group to the Synbranchiformes, with both comprising the Monophyly, monophyletic clade Anabantaria. Anabantaria is a sister group to the Carangiformes, with the clade comprising both being a sister clade to the Ovalentaria. This group of fish are found in Asia and Africa, with some species introduced to North America. These fish are characterized by the presence of teeth on the parasphenoid. The Snakehead (fish), snakeheads and the Anabantoidei, anabantoids are united by the presence of the labyrinth organ, which is a highly folded supraBranchial arches, branchial accessory breathing organ. It is formed by Blood vessel, vascularized expansion of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gourami
Gouramis, or gouramies , are a group of fresh water, freshwater Anabantiformes, anabantiform fish that comprise the family (biology), family Osphronemidae. The fish are native to Asia—from the Indian Subcontinent to Southeast Asia and northeasterly towards Korea. The name "gourami", of Indonesian language, Indonesian origin from Sundanese language, Sundanese word the name "gurame", is also used for fish of the families Helostomatidae and Anabantidae. Many gouramis have an elongated, feeler-like ray at the front of each of their pelvic fins. All living species show parental care until fry are free swimming: some are mouthbrooders, like the Krabi mouth-brooding betta (''Betta simplex''), and others, like the Siamese fighting fish (''Betta splendens''), build bubble nests. Currently, about 133 species are recognised, placed in four subfamilies and about 15 Genus, genera. The name Polyacanthidae has also been used for this family. Some fish now classified as gouramis were previous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anabas Testudineus
The climbing perch (''Anabas testudineus'') is a species of amphibious freshwater fish in the family Anabantidae (the climbing gouramis). A labyrinth fish native to Far Eastern Asia, the fish inhabits freshwater systems from Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka in the west, to Southern China in the east, and to Southeast Asia west of the Wallace Line in the south. It is likely that ''Anabas testudineus'' is a species complex, with the binomial name applied to what are actually several different species. With further study, populations of this fish may be divided up into separate species and given new names. In Nepalese Terai it is called "Pothiya". In Bengali it is called "দেশি কৈ" (Deshi Koi). In maithili spoken in Bihar it is called Kabai. In Indonesia, it is known by many names, such as ''betok'' (Indonesian), ''běthik'' (Javanese), and ''papuyu'' (Banjarese). The climbing perch is euryhaline and can grow to in total length. Outside its native range ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anabantoidei
The Anabantoidei are a suborder of Anabantiformes, anabantiform ray-finned fish, ray-finned freshwater fish distinguished by their possession of a lung-like labyrinth organ, which enables them to breathe air. The fish in the Anabantoidei suborder are known as anabantoids or labyrinth fish, or colloquially as gouramies (which more precisely refers to the family Osphronemidae). Some labyrinth fish are important food fish, and many others, such as the Siamese fighting fish and paradise fish, are popular as aquarium fish. Labyrinth organ The labyrinth organs, a defining characteristic of fish in the suborder Anabantoidei, is a much-folded supraBranchial arches, branchial accessory breathing organ. It is formed by Blood vessel, vascularized expansion of the epibranchial bone of the first gill arch and used for Respiration (physiology), respiration in air.Pinter, H. (1986). Labyrinth Fish. Barron's Educational Series, Inc., This organ allows labyrinth fish to take in oxygen directly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carangiformes
Carangiformes is a large, diverse order of ray-finned fishes within the clade Percomorpha. It is part of a sister clade to the Ovalentaria, alongside its sister group, the Anabantaria (including Anabantiformes and Synbranchiformes). The Carangiformes have been long regarded as a monotypic order with only the family Carangidae within it by some authorities, and the other current families within the order have been previously classified as part of the wider order Perciformes. The 5th edition of '' Fishes of the World'' classify six families within Carangiformes, with more recent authorities expanding the order to include up to 30 families, based on phylogenetic evidence. The earliest known carangiforms are two fossil species of '' Mene'', '' Mene purydi'' from Peru and '' Mene phosphatica'' from Tunisia, both of which are known from the Late Paleocene. Taxonomy This order has often been either subsumed within Perciformes or used exclusively to refer to families classified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class (biology), class of Osteichthyes, bony fish that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. They are so called because of their lightly built fish fin, fins made of webbings of skin supported by radially extended thin bony spine (zoology), spines called ''lepidotrichia'', as opposed to the bulkier, fleshy lobed fins of the sister taxon, sister clade Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). Resembling folding fans, the actinopterygian fins can easily change shape and wetted area, providing superior thrust-to-weight ratios per movement compared to sarcopterygian and chondrichthyian fins. The fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the articulation (anatomy), articulation between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). The vast majority of actinopterygians are teleosts. By species count, they domi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synbranchiformes
Synbranchiformes, often called swamp eels, though that name can also refer specifically to Synbranchidae, is an order of ray-finned fishes that are eel-like but have spiny rays, indicating that they belong to the superorder Acanthopterygii. Taxonomy No synbrachiform fossil is known. The Mastacembeloidei were removed from the Perciformes and added to the Synbranchiformes after a phylogenetic analysis by Johnson and Patterson. These authors consider the Synbranchiformes to be part of a monophyletic group called Smegmamorpha, also containing Mugilimorpha, Atherinomorpha, Gasterosteiformes, and Elassomatidae. Later authors have proposed that the Synbranchiformes along with the Anabantiformes, Carangiformes, Istiophoriformes and Pleuronectiformes form a sister clade to the Ovalentaria which has been called the "Carangimorpharia" but in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World this clade remained unnamed and unranked. There are a total of about 99 species divided over 15 gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Vessel
Blood vessels are the tubular structures of a circulatory system that transport blood throughout many Animal, animals’ bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the Tissue (biology), tissues of a Body (biology), body. They also take waste and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens (anatomy), lens and cornea of the eye are not supplied with blood vessels and are termed ''avascular''. There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and the tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart. The word ''vascular'', is derived from the Latin ''vas'', meaning ''vessel'', and is mostly used in relation to blood vessels. Etymology * artery – late Middle English; from Latin ''arteria'', from Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branchial Arches
Branchial arches or gill arches are a series of paired bony/cartilaginous "loops" behind the throat ( pharyngeal cavity) of fish, which support the fish gills. As chordates, all vertebrate embryos develop pharyngeal arches, though the eventual fate of these arches varies between taxa. In all jawed fish (gnathostomes), the first arch pair (mandibular arches) develops into the jaw, the second gill arches (the hyoid arches) develop into the hyomandibular complex (which supports the back of the jaw and the front of the gill series), and the remaining posterior arches (simply called branchial arches) support the gills. In tetrapods, a mostly terrestrial clade evolved from lobe-finned fish, many pharyngeal arch elements are lost, including the gill arches. In amphibians and reptiles, only the oral jaws and a hyoid apparatus remains, and in mammals and birds the hyoid is simplified further to support the tongue and floor of the mouth. In mammals, the first and second pharyngeal arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breathing Organ
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history. In land animals, the respiratory surface is internalized as linings of the lungs. Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs; in mammals and reptiles, these are called alveoli, and in birds, they are known as atria. These microscopic air sacs have a very rich blood supply, thus bringing the air into close contact with the blood. These air sacs communicate with the external environment via a system of airways, or hollow tubes, of which the largest is the trachea, which branches in the middle of the chest into the two main bronchi. These enter the lungs where they branch into progressively narrower secondary and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ombilinichthys Yamini (cropped)
''Ombilinichthys'' is an extinct genus of gourami from the Ombilin Basin in Sumatra. It was discovered among fossils collected in 2009 from the lacustrine Sangkarewang Formation and described in 2015. It is the earliest known gourami, dated uncertainly to the Eocene. It contains a single species, ''Ombilinichthys yamini'', named for Indonesian poet and revolutionary Mohammad Yamin, who was born in the same town where ''Ombilinichthys yamini'' was discovered. It is a small and deep fish, with the holotype A holotype (Latin: ''holotypus'') is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of s ...'s body being 37mm long and 18mm deep. Its skull is also deep at 15mm. It is closely related to the genus '' Osphronemus''. Extinct animals of Indonesia References Osphronemidae Fossil taxa described in 2015 Fossils of Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Respiration (physiology)
In physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the outside environment to the Cell (biology), cells within Tissue (biology), tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the environment by a respiratory system. The physiological definition of respiration differs from the Cellular respiration, biochemical definition, which refers to a metabolic process by which an organism obtains energy (in the form of ATP and NADPH) by oxidizing nutrients and releasing waste products. Although physiologic respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration and thus life in animals, the processes are distinct: cellular respiration takes place in individual cells of the organism, while physiologic respiration concerns the Diffusion#Diffusion vs. bulk flow diffusion, diffusion and transport of metabolites between the organism and the external environment. Exchange of gases in the lung occurs by ventilation and perfusion. Ventilation refers to the in-and-ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasphenoid
The parasphenoid is a bone which can be found in the cranium of many vertebrates. It is an unpaired dermal bone which lies at the midline of the roof of the mouth. In many reptiles (including birds), it fuses to the endochondral (cartilage-derived) basisphenoid bone of the lower braincase, forming a bone known as the parabasisphenoid. Early mammals have a small parasphenoid, but for the most part its function has been replaced by the vomer bone. The parasphenoid has been lost in placental mammals and caecilian amphibians. See also *Ossification of frontal bone *Terms for anatomical location Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of humans and other animals. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek language, Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. Thi ... References Bones of the head and neck {{musculoskeletal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
