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Aloha 'Oe
''Aloha'' ( , Hawaiian: �ˈlohə is the Hawaiian word for love, affection, peace, compassion and mercy, that is commonly used as a greeting. It has a deeper cultural and spiritual significance to native Hawaiians, for whom the term is used to define a force that holds together existence. The word is found in all Polynesian languages and always with the same basic meaning of "love, compassion, sympathy, kindness." Its use in Hawaii has a seriousness lacking in the Tahitian and Samoan meanings. Mary Kawena Pukui wrote that the "first expression" of ''aloha'' was between a parent and child. Lorrin Andrews wrote the first Hawaiian dictionary, called ''A Dictionary of the Hawaiian Language''. In it, he describes ''aloha'' as "A word expressing different feelings: love, affection, gratitude, kindness, pity, compassion, grief, the modern common salutation at meeting; parting". Mary Kawena Pukui and Samuel Hoyt Elbert's ''Hawaiian Dictionary: Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowers Arranged To ALOHA, Hilo, Hawaii
Flowers, also known as blooms and blossoms, are the reproductive structures of flowering plants (Flowering plant, angiosperms). Typically, they are structured in four circular levels, called whorls, around the end of a stalk. These whorls include: Sepal, calyx, modified leaves; Petal, corolla, the petals; Stamen, androecium, the male reproductive unit consisting of stamens and pollen; and gynoecium, the female part, containing Style (botany), style and Stigma (botany), stigma, which receives the pollen at the tip of the style, and Ovary (botany), ovary, which contains the ovules. When flowers are arranged in groups, they are known collectively as inflorescences. Floral growth originates at stem tips and is controlled by MADS-box genes. In most plant species flowers are heterospory, heterosporous, and so can produce gamete, sex cells of both sexes. Pollination mediates the transport of pollen to the ovules in the ovaries, to facilitate sexual reproduction. It can occur between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pity
Pity is a sympathetic sorrow evoked by the suffering of others. The word is comparable to ''compassion'', '' condolence'', or ''empathy''. It derives from the Latin (etymon also of ''piety''). Self-pity is pity directed towards oneself. Two different kinds of pity can be distinguished, "benevolent pity" and "contemptuous pity". In the latter, through insincere, pejorative usage, pity connotes feelings of superiority, condescension, or contempt. Psychological opinions Psychologists see pity arising in early childhood out of the infant's ability to identify with others. Psychoanalysis sees a more convoluted route to (at least some forms of) adult pity by way of the sublimation of aggression—pity serving as a kind of magic gesture intended to show how leniently one should oneself be treated by one's own conscience. Religious views In the West, the religious concept of pity was reinforced after acceptance of Judeo-Christian concepts of God pitying all humanity, as found ini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MÄori Language
MÄori (; endonym: 'the MÄori language', commonly shortened to ) is an Eastern Polynesian languages, Eastern Polynesian language and the language of the MÄori people, the indigenous population of mainland New Zealand. The southernmost member of the Austronesian language family, it is related to Cook Islands MÄori, Tuamotuan language, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian language, Tahitian. The MÄori Language Act 1987 gave the language recognition as one of New Zealand's official languages. There are regional dialects of the MÄori language. Prior to contact with Europeans, MÄori lacked a written language or script. Written MÄori now uses the Latin script, which was adopted and the spelling standardised by Northern MÄori in collaboration with English Protestant clergy in the 19th century. In the second half of the 19th century, European children in rural areas spoke MÄori with MÄori children. It was common for prominent parents of these children, such as government officials, to us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cook Islands MÄori
Cook Islands MÄori is an Eastern Polynesian language that is the official language of the Cook Islands. Cook Islands MÄori is closely related to, but distinct from, New Zealand MÄori. Cook Islands MÄori is called just MÄori when there is no need to distinguish it from New Zealand MÄori. It is also known as MÄori KÅ«ki Ä€irani (or Maori Kuki Airani), or as Rarotongan. Many Cook Islanders also call it ''Te reo Ipukarea'', which translates as "the language of the ancestral homeland". Official status English is the official language of the Cook Islands. Cook Islands MÄori became an official language of the Cook Islands in 2003 as defined by the Te Reo Maori Act 2003. Te Reo Maori Act definition The Te Reo Maori Act 2003 states that MÄori: Writing system and pronunciation There is a debate about the standardisation of the writing system. Although usage of the macron (Ö¾) ''makarona'' and the glottal stop () ''amata'' is recommended, most speakers do not use them i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuvaluan Language
Tuvaluan (), often called Tuvalu, is a Polynesian language closely related to the Ellicean group spoken in Tuvalu. It is more or less distantly related to all other Polynesian languages, such as Hawaiian, MÄori, Tahitian, Samoan, Tokelauan and Tongan, and most closely related to the languages spoken on the Polynesian Outliers in Micronesia and Northern and Central Melanesia. Tuvaluan has borrowed considerably from Samoan, the language of Christian missionaries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The population of Tuvalu is approximately 10,645 people (2017 Mini Census), but there are estimated to be more than 13,000 Tuvaluan speakers worldwide. In 2015 it was estimated that more than 3,500 Tuvaluans live in New Zealand, with about half that number born in New Zealand and 65 percent of the Tuvaluan community in New Zealand is able to speak Tuvaluan. Name variations Native speakers of Tuvaluan have various names for their language. In the language itself, it is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talofa
Talofa is a salutation or greeting in the Samoan language of the Samoan Islands.{{cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ptk9xUamLeUC&q=ali%27i&pg=PA209, title=Linguistic anthropology, first=Alessandro, last=Duranti, publisher=John Wiley and Sons, year=2009, page=217, isbn=978-1-4051-2632-8, accessdate=8 July 2010 ''Talofa'' echoes in such phrases as ''ta'alofa'' in Tuvalu, ''aloha'' in Hawaiian and '' aro'a'' in Cook Islands MÄori. Another Samoan salutation ''To life, live long!'' properly translated ''Ia ola!'' also echoes in places such as Aotearoa (New Zealand), where the formal greeting in MÄori is Kia ora and in Tahiti (French Polynesia) where it is 'Ia orana. ''Talofa'' is also the greeting of the island of Lifou (New Caledonia), and of the island state of Tuvalu. The word was brought to Lifou by the Samoan teachers of the London Missionary Society The London Missionary Society was an interdenominational evangelical missionary society formed in England in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian Language
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (PMP) is the linguistic reconstruction, reconstructed ancestor of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, which is by far the largest branch (by current speakers) of the Austronesian languages, Austronesian language family. Proto-Malayo-Polynesian is ancestral to all Austronesian languages spoken outside Taiwan, as well as the Yami language on Taiwan's Orchid Island. The first systematic reconstruction of Proto-Austronesian language, Proto-Austronesian ("''Uraustronesisch''") by Otto Dempwolff was based on evidence from languages outside of Taiwan, and was therefore actually the first reconstruction of what is now known as Proto-Malayo-Polynesian. Phonology Consonants The following consonants can be reconstructed for Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (Blust 2009): The phonetic value of the reconstructed sounds *p, *b, *w, *m, *t, *d, *n, *s, *l, *r, *k, *g, *ŋ, *q, *h was as indicated by the spelling. The symbols *ñ, *y, *z, *D, *j, *R are orthographic conventions fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Oceanic Language
Proto-Oceanic (abbreviated as POc) is a proto-language that historical linguists since Otto Dempwolff have reconstructed as the hypothetical common ancestor of the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian language family. Proto-Oceanic is a descendant of the Proto-Austronesian language (PAN), the common ancestor of the Austronesian languages. Proto-Oceanic was probably spoken around the late 2nd millennium BCE in the Bismarck Archipelago, east of Papua New Guinea. Archaeologists and linguists currently agree that its community more or less coincides with the Lapita culture. Linguistic characteristics The methodology of comparative linguistics, together with the relative homogeneity of Oceanic languages, make it possible to reconstruct with reasonable certainty the principal linguistic properties of their common ancestor, Proto-Oceanic. Like all scientific hypotheses, these reconstructions must be understood as obviously reflecting the state of science at a particular moment in ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Polynesian Language
Proto-Polynesian (abbreviated PPn) is the reconstructed proto-language from which all modern Polynesian languages descend. It is a descendant of the Proto-Oceanic language (the language associated with the Lapita civilization), itself a descendant of Proto-Austronesian. The homeland of Proto-Polynesian speakers is believed to have been Tonga, Samoa, and nearby islands. Phonology Proto-Polynesian has a small phonological inventory, with 13 consonants and 5 vowels. Consonants Vowels Proto-Polynesian had five vowels, , with no length distinction. In a number of daughter languages, successive sequences of vowels came together to produce long vowels and diphthongs, and in some languages these sounds later became phonemic. Sound correspondences Vocabulary The following is a table of some sample vocabulary as it is represented orthographically in various languages. All instances of represent a glottal stop, IPA . All instances of and Samoan represent the single phoneme . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liliʻuokalani
Queen LiliÊ»uokalani (; Lydia LiliÊ»u Loloku Walania KamakaÊ»eha; September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917) was the only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, ruling from January 29, 1891, until the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom on January 17, 1893. The composer of "Aloha Ê»Oe" and numerous other works, she wrote her autobiography ''Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, HawaiÊ»i's Story by HawaiÊ»i's Queen'' (1898) during her imprisonment following the overthrow. Queen LiliÊ»uokalani was born in 1838 in Honolulu, on the island of Oahu, OÊ»ahu. While her natural parents were KeohokÄlole, Analea KeohokÄlole and KapaÊ»akea, Caesar KapaÊ»akea, she was ''hÄnai'' (informally adopted) at birth by PÄkÄ«, Abner PÄkÄ« and Laura KÅnia and raised with their daughter Bernice Pauahi Bishop. Baptized as a Christian and educated at the Royal School (Hawaii), Royal School, she and her siblings and cousins were proclaimed eligible for the throne by King Kameham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
