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Al-Jurjānī
Al-Jurjani or simply Jurjani may refer to any of several historical Persian scholars: * Abu Sa'id al-Darir al-Jurjani (died 845), mathematician and astronomer * Al-Masihi, Abu Sahl al-Masihi al-Jurjani (960–1000), physician and teacher of Avicenna * Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani (died 1078), scholar of the Arabic language, literary theorist and grammarian * Zayn al-Din al-Jurjani (1040–1136), royal Islamic physician and author of the ''Thesaurus of the Shah of Khwarazm'' * Al-Sharif al-Jurjani (1339–1414), Sunni Hanafi The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the ... Muslim scholar * Rustam Jurjani, 16th century physician who lived in India and author of the ''Supplies Of Nizamshah'' See also * Gorgani (other) * Astarabadi {{DEFAULTSORT:Jurjani Arabic-language surna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Qahir Al-Jurjani
Abū Bakr, ‘Abd al-Qāhir ibn ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad al-Jurjānī (10091078 or 1081 AD 00 – 471 or 474 A.H.; nicknamed "Al-Naḥawī" (the grammarian), he was a renowned Persian grammarian of the Arabic language, literary theorist of the Muslim Shafi'i, and a follower of al-Ash'ari. He wrote several celebrated works on grammar and rhetoric, among these are '' Mi,ut Ạmil'' and ''Al-Jumal'' - introductions to Arabic syntax - and a commentary titled ''Al-Mughnī'' in three volumes. Al-Jurjānī is said to have never left his native town of Gorgan, Iran, yet his reputation in the twin sciences of ''ilm al balaghah'' (eloquence and rhetorical art) and ''ilm al bayan'' (a branch of Arabic rhetoric dealing with metaphorical language), reached many Arabic scholars who travelled to see him. His two books on these subjects, ''Asrār al-Balāghah'' (''Secrets of Rhetoric''), and ''Dalāʾīl al-ʿIjāz fi-l-Qurʾān'' (''Arguments of the Miraculous Inimitability of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayn Al-Din Al-Jurjani
Zayn al-Din Sayyed Isma‘il ibn Husayn Gorgani (c. 1040–1136), also spelled al-Jurjani, was a Persian 12th century royal Islamic physician from Gorgan, Iran. In addition to medical and pharmaceutical sciences, he was also an adept in theological, philosophic, and ethical sciences.Shams Ardekani, Mohammad Reza (Medical University of Tehran); Moatar, Fariborz (Medical University of Isfahan), A Research Conducted on the Life and Works of Hakim Sayyid Esmail Jurjani'. Jurjani was a pupil of Ibn Abi Sadiq and Ahmad ibn Farrokh. He arrived at the court in the Persian province of Khwarazm in the year 1110 when he was already a septuagenarian. There he became a court physician to the governor of the province, Khwarazm-Shah Qutb al-Din Muhammad I, who ruled from 1097 to 1127. It was to him that he dedicated his most comprehensive and influential work, the Persian-language compendium '' Zakhirah-i Khvarazm'Shahi''. Jurjani continued as court physician to Khwarazm'Shah Qutb al-Din' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Sharif Al-Jurjani
Ali ibn Mohammed al-Jurjani (1339–1414) (Persian ) was a Persian encyclopedic writer, scientist, and traditionalist theologian. He is referred to as "al-Sayyid al-Sharif" in sources due to his alleged descent from Ali ibn Abi Taleb. He was born in the village of Ṭāḡu near Astarabad in Gorgan (hence the ''nisba'' "Jurjani"), and became a professor in Shiraz. When this city was plundered by Timur in 1387, he moved to Samarkand, but returned to Shiraz in 1405, and remained there until his death. The author of more than fifty books, of his thirty-one extant works, many being commentaries on other works, one of the best known is the ''Taʿrīfāt'' (تعريفات "Definitions"),Kitâb Ta`rîfat al-`ulûm wa tahqîqât r-rusûm, Edition critique: Abdelmoula HAGIL, Paris, 2019, 536p. which was edited by G Flügel (Leipzig, 1845), published also in Constantinople (1837), Cairo (1866, etc.), and St Petersburg (1897). See also * List of people from Gorgan * List of Hanafis * Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Sa'id Al-Darir Al-Jurjani
Abu Sa'id Dharir Gurgani (), also Gurgani, was a 9th-century Persian mathematician and astronomer from Gurgan, Iran. He wrote a treatise on geometrical problems and another on the drawing of the meridian. George Sarton considers him a pupil of Ibn al-A'rabi, but Carl Brockelmann rejects this opinion. Works Two of his works are extant: * Masa'il Hindisia (a manuscript is available in Cairo) * Istikhraj khat nisf al-nahar min kitab analima wa al-borhan alayh (available in Cairo, translated by Carl Schoy) See also *List of Iranian scientists The following is a list of Iranian scientists, engineers, and scholars who lived from antiquity up until the beginning of the modern age. A * Abdul Qadir Gilani (12th century) theologian and philosopher * Abu al-Qasim Muqane'i (10th century) ... Sources * H. Suter. ''Mathematiker'' (12, 1900). 845 deaths 9th-century Iranian mathematicians Year of birth unknown 9th-century Iranian astronomers Medieval Iranian astronomers Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Masihi
Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi al-Jurjani () was a Christian Persian physician,Firoozeh Papan-Matin, ''Beyond death: the mystical teachings of ʻAyn al-Quḍāt al-Hamadhānī'', (Brill, 2010), 111. from Gorgan, east of the Caspian Sea, in Iran. He was the teacher of Avicenna. He wrote an encyclopedic treatise on medicine of one hundred chapters (''al-mā'a fi-l-sanā'a al-tabi'iyyah''; ), which is one of the earliest Arabic works of its kind and may have been in some respects the model of Avicenna's Qanun. He wrote other treatises on measles, on the plague, on the pulse, and other subjects. He died in a dust storm in the deserts of Khwarezmia in 1010. References Sources *Carl Brockelmann: ''Arabische Litteratur'' (vol. 1, 138, 1898). * G. Karmi, A mediaeval compendium of Arabic medicine: Abu Sahl al-Masihi's "Book of the Hundred.", J. Hist. Arabic Sci. vol. 2(2) 270-90 (1978). Further reading * See also *List of Iranian scientists The following is a list of Irania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanafi
The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the use of reasoning (). Hanafi legal theory primarily derives law from the Quran, the sayings and practices of Muhammad (''sunnah''), scholarly consensus () and analogical reasoning (), but also considers juristic discretion () and local customs (). It is distinctive in its greater usage of ''qiyas'' than other schools. The school spread throughout the Muslim world under the patronage of various Islamic empires, including the Abbasids and Seljuk Empire, Seljuks. The Central Asian region of Transoxiana emerged as a centre of classical Hanafi scholarship between the 10th and 12th centuries, which gave rise to the Maturidi school of theology. The Ottoman Empire adopted Hanafism as its official school of law and influenced the legal thought of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rustam Jurjani
Rostam Gorgani was a mid-16th century Persian physician who lived in India. Rostam Gorgani was the court physician of two of the rulers of the Deccan sultanates, Malik Ahmad Shah I (1490–1510) and Burhan Shah I (1510–1553), in the city of Ahmadnagar in the Deccan Plateau, India. His name indicates he was from Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. He composed several medical treatises in Persian, the most extensive being the ''Zakhirai-Nizamshahi'' (Supplies of Nizamshah), his encyclopaedia of material medica which he compiled at the request of Sultan Nizam-Shah and named after him. Only two copies survive, one at the Manuscript Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, and the other at the National Library of Medicine of the United States. See also *List of Iranian scientists References *C.A. Storey, ''Persian Literature: A Bio-Bibliographical Survey''. Volume II, Part 2: E.Medicine (London: Royal Asiatic Society, 1971), p. 244 *Fateme Keshavarz, ''A Descriptiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgani (other)
Gorgani () means "of or related to Gorgan", a city in north of Iran. *Gorgani language Gorgani or Gurgani is a nisba (onomastics), nisba that refers to the city of Gorgan (also known as "Astarabad" and "Jurjan"), and may refer to: *Fakhraddin Gorgani (fl. 1050), Persian poet *Rostam Gorgani, mid-16th century Persian physician who lived in India *Abul Qasim Gurgani, Sufi *Mohammad Alavi Gorgani, Iranian Twelver shi'a marja See also *Gorgan (other) *al-Jurjani *Astarabadi {{disambig Nisbas, Gorgani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astarabadi
Astarabadi () is an Iranian surname, derived from the city of "Astarabad" (former name of Gorgan) in northern Iran. It may refer to: * Aziz ibn Ardashir Astarabadi (fl. ca. 1400), author of the ''Bazm u Razm'' * Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi (1858 or 1859 – 1921), Iranian writer, satirist, and women's movement leader * Fazlallah Astarabadi (c. 1340–1395), Iranian mystic, founder of the Ḥurūfī movement * Mirza Mehdi Khan Astarabadi (18th century), Iranian Chief Minister * Muhammad Ali Astarabadi (15th century), Iranian physician * Muhammad Amin al-Astarabadi (died 1626), Iranian theologian See also *Gorgani (other) Gorgani () means "of or related to Gorgan", a city in north of Iran. *Gorgani language Gorgani or Gurgani is a nisba (onomastics), nisba that refers to the city of Gorgan (also known as "Astarabad" and "Jurjan"), and may refer to: *Fakhraddin Gorg ... * al-Jurjani {{DEFAULTSORT:Astarabadi Persian-language surnames Astarabadi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic-language Surnames
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as ( "the eloquent Arabic") or simply ' (). Arabic is the List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations, and the Sacred language, liturgical language of Islam. Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
