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Ahmed III
Ahmed III (, ''Aḥmed-i sālis''; was sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of sultan Mehmed IV (r. 1648–1687). His mother was Gülnuş Sultan, originally named Evmania Voria, who was an ethnic Greek. He was born at Hacıoğlu Pazarcık, in Dobruja. He succeeded to the throne in 1703 on the abdication of his brother Mustafa II (1695–1703). Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha and the Sultan's daughter, Fatma Sultan (wife of the former) directed the government from 1718 to 1730, a period referred to as the '' Tulip Era''. During the initial days of Ahmed III's reign, significant efforts were made to appease the janissaries. However, Ahmed's effectiveness in dealing with the janissaries who had elevated him to the sultanate was limited. Grand Vizier Çorlulu Ali Pasha, whom Ahmed appointed, provided valuable assistance in administrative affairs and implemented new measures for the treasury. He supported Ahmed in his struggles against rival factions and provided stability to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Custodian Of The Two Holy Mosques
His Majesty the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (abbreviated as CTHM; ), or Protector of the Two Holy Cities, is a Royal and noble styles, royal style that has been used officially by the King of Saudi Arabia, monarchs of Saudi Arabia since 1986. The title has historically been used by many Muslim rulers in the past, including the Ayyubid dynasty, Ayyubids, the Mamluk Sultanate, Mamluks, the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans and the Sharifate of Mecca, Sharifain rulers of Hejaz. The title was sometimes regarded to denote the ''de facto'' Caliph of Islam, but it mainly refers to the ruler taking the responsibility of guarding and maintaining the two Holiest sites in Islam, holiest mosques in Islam: Masjid al-Haram, Al-Haram Mosque (, 'The Sacred Mosque') in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque () in Medina, both of which are in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. The Custodian has been named the most powerful and influential person in Islam and the Sunni branch of Islam by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Zeynep Sultan
Zeynep Sultan (; "''gemstone, precious stone''" and "''defender''"; 8 April 1714 – 25 March 1774) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Ahmed III. Birth Zeynep Sultan was born in the 8 April 1714 in the Topkapı Palace. Her father was Sultan Ahmed III. First marriage In 1728, Zeynep Sultan married (Küçük) Mustafa Pasha, the nephew of the grand vezir Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha, and the second head of the royal stables at the time. The wedding ceremony took place at the Topkapı Palace. On 8 December Zeynep's trousseau was sent to her palace known as ''Kıbleli Palace'' and the next day the wedding procession took place. Together, they had a son. Second marriage After the death of Mustafa Pasha in 1764, Zeynep Sultan in 1765 married Melek Mehmed Pasha, who had previously served as the grand admiral of the Ottoman fleet, during the reign of her half-brother Mustafa III. Melek Mehmed Pasha served as the Admiral of the Fleet An admiral of the fleet or shor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Constantinople
Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empires between its consecration in 330 until 1930, when it was renamed to Istanbul. Initially as New Rome, Constantinople was founded in 324 during the reign of Constantine the Great on the site of the existing settlement of Byzantium, and shortly thereafter in 330 became the capital of the Roman Empire. Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the late 5th century, Constantinople remained the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire; 330–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). Following the Turkish War of Independence, the Turkish capital then moved to Ankara. Although the city had been known as Istanbul since 1453, it was officially renamed as Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Dobrich
Dobrich ( ; ; ) is the List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, 9th most populated city in Bulgaria, the administrative centre of Dobrich Province and the capital of the region of Southern Dobrudzha. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, 30 km west of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, not far from resorts such as Albena, Balchik, and Golden Sands. In January 2012, Dobrich was inhabited by 79,269 people within the city limits. The city is named after the Bulgarian medieval lord of the surrounding region - Dobrotitsa. Agriculture is the most developed branch of the economy. The most popular types of agricultural products in the region are wheat and lavender oil. Dobrich Knoll on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Dobrich. A point of interest is the Dobrich TV Tower. Etymology The city is named after the 14th-century Dobrujan ruler Dobrotitsa, from the Slavic root ''dobr'', "good". The city has had several name changes throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gülnuş Sultan
Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Sultan (, 'spring' and 'essence of rose'; 1642 – 6 November 1715) was the '' Haseki Sultan'' of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV and '' Valide Sultan'' to their sons Mustafa II and Ahmed III. She was the prominent figure during the era of the Sultanate of Women which spanned for nearly 200 years and ended with her death in 1715. Early life Gülnuş Sultan was born in 1642 in the town of Rethymno, Crete, when the island was under Venetian rule, the daughter of a Greek Orthodox priest. A minor theory saw instead Gülnuş Sultan belonged to the Venetian Verzini family which had settled the city. She was captured by the Ottomans during the invasion of Crete in 1645. Time as consort The Ottoman army invaded the island during the Cretan War; she was captured as a very young girl when the Ottomans conquered Rethymno in 1645, taken as a slave and was sent to Constantinople. She was renamed ''Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş'' and was given a thoroughly Ottoman educ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mehmed IV
Mehmed IV (; ; 2 January 1642 – 6 January 1693), nicknamed as Mehmed the Hunter (), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. He came to the throne at the age of six after his father was overthrown in a coup. Mehmed went on to become the second-longest-reigning sultan in Ottoman history after Suleiman the Magnificent. While the initial and final years of his reign were characterized by military defeat and political instability, during his middle years he oversaw the revival of the empire's fortunes associated with the Köprülü era. Mehmed IV was known by contemporaries as a particularly pious ruler, and was referred to as gazi, or "holy warrior" for his role in the many conquests carried out during his long reign. Under Mehmed IV's reign, the empire reached the height of its territorial expansion in Europe. From a young age he developed a keen interest in hunting, for which he is known as ''avcı'' (translated as "the Hunter"). In 1687, Mehmed was overthrown by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ottoman Dynasty
The Ottoman dynasty () consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (), also known as the Ottomans (). According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the Kayı tribe branch of the Oghuz Turks, under the leadership of Osman I in northwestern Anatolia in the district of Bilecik, Söğüt. The Ottoman dynasty, named after Osman I, ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922. During much of the Empire's history, the sultan was the absolute regent, head of state, and head of government, though much of the power often shifted to other officials such as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Grand Vizier. During the First Constitutional Era, First (1876–78) and Second Constitutional Eras (1908–20) of the late Empire, a shift to a constitutional monarchy was enacted, with the Grand Vizier taking on a prime ministerial role as head of government and heading an elected General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, General Assembly. The imperial family was deposed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Zübeyde Sultan
Zübeyde Sultan (; 28 March 1728 – 4 June 1756) was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Ahmed III (reign 1703 – 1730) and his consort Musli Kadın. She was the half-sister of Sultans Mustafa III (reign 1757 – 1774) and Abdul Hamid I (reign 1774 – 1789) of the Ottoman Empire. Life Zübeyde Sultan was born on 28 or 29 March 1728. Her father was Sultan Ahmed III, and her mother was Emine Musli Kadın (called also Muslıhe, Muslu or Musalli). She had a full elder sister named Ayşe Sultan. Her father having been dethroned in 1730, she grew up at the Old Palace but was able to live in comfort, as he had had the farmstead of Dilsiz Mehmed Ağa, situated near Edirne, and thus its incomes, allocated to her. Her cousin Mahmud I had a ''yalı'', or waterfront manse, built for her at the precincts of Eyüp in around August 1747. On 6 January 1748, during Mahmud's reign, Zübeyde was married firstly to Süleyman Pasha, Beylerbey (governor – general) of Anatolia and Viz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Esma Sultan (daughter Of Ahmed III)
Esma Sultan (; 14 March 1726 – 13 August 1788), also called Büyük Esma (Esma "''the elder"''), was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Ahmed III and one of his consort, Hanife Kadın or Zeyneb Kadın. She was the half-sister of Sultans Mustafa III and Abdul Hamid I. Life Birth Esma Sultan was born on 14 March 1726 in the Topkapı Palace. Her father was Sultan Ahmed. Her mother is uncertain: Hanife Kadın or Zeyneb Kadın, two of her father's consorts. She was nicknamed Büyük Esma (Esma "''the eldest''") to distinguish her by her niece Küçük Esma (Esma "''the younger''"), daughter of Abdülhamid I. When she was four, her father was dethronized and she was confined, with her half-sisters, her mother and her father's other consorts, in the Old Palace, until her marriage. Marriages In 1743, her cousin Sultan Mahmud I, arranged her marriage to Yakub Pasha. The marriage took place in February 1743 in the Kadırga Palace. Yakub Pasha died the same year. After his de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abdul Hamid I
Abdulhamid I or Abdul Hamid I (, ''`Abdü’l-Ḥamīd-i evvel''; ; 20 March 1725 – 7 April 1789) was the 27th sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1774 to 1789. A devout and pacifist sultan, he inherited a bankrupt empire and sought military reforms, including overhauling the Janissaries and navy. Despite internal efforts and quelling revolts in Syria, Egypt, and Greece, his reign saw the critical loss of Crimea and defeat by Russia and Austria. The 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca granted Russia territorial and religious influence. He died soon after the fall of Ochakov in 1788. Early life Abdul Hamid was born on 20 March 1725, in Constantinople. He was a younger son of Sultan Ahmed III (reigned 1703–1730) and his consort Şermi Kadın. Ahmed III abdicated his power in favour of his nephew Mahmud I, who was then succeeded by his brother Osman III, and Osman by Ahmed's elder son Mustafa III. As a potential heir to the throne, Abdul Hamid was imprisoned in comfort b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mustafa III
Mustafa III (; ''Muṣṭafā-yi sālis''; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın. He was succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I (1774–89). Early life Mustafa was born at the Edirne Palace on 28 January 1717. His father was Sultan Ahmed III, and his mother was Mihrişah Kadın. He had a full brother named Şehzade Süleyman. In 1720, a large fifteen day circumcision ceremony took place for Mustafa, and his brothers, princes Süleyman, Mehmed, and Bayezid. In 1730, after the Patrona Halil revolt led to the deposition of his father Sultan Ahmed III and the succession of his cousin Sultan Mahmud I, Mustafa, his father, and brothers were imprisoned in the Topkapı Palace. In 1756, after the death of his elder half-brother Mehmed, he became heir to the throne. Reign Accession Mustafa ascended the throne on 30 October 1757, after t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
