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Adwayawarman
Adwayawarman was the father of King Adityawarman of Malayapura kingdom (now in West Sumatra province, Indonesia) as mentioned in the Kuburajo inscription, Kuburajo I Inscription. His alias name was Adwayadwaja, as he was called in the Bukit Gombak Inscription. Historian Slamet Muljana suspected that Adwayawarman was also the same person as Adwayabrahma, who was mentioned in the Padang Roco Inscription. Adwayabrahma was the name of one of the Javanese high officials (''Rakryan Mahamantri'') of the Singhasari kingdom, who was sent to transport the statue of Amoghapasha to the Dharmasraya kingdom. If this notion is right, Adityawarman was a king of Malayo-Javanese mixed blood. It was told in the Javanese chronicle Pararaton (''Book of Kings'') that Dara Jingga, one of the Malay princesses who was brought back to Java with the Pamalayu expedition, was married to a Javanese nobleman (''alaki Dewa''). His son was called ''Tuhan Janaka'' or ''Sri Marmadewa'', who finally reigned in Sumatra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dara Jingga
Dara Jingga, was one of the ethnic Malay, Malay Dharmasraya princess who was intended to be betrothed to Javanese King Kertanegara of Singasari after the Pamalayu expedition 1275–1293. Dara Jingga was the older sister of Dara Petak, the consort of Raden Wijaya, Kertarajasa Jayawardhana, King of Majapahit. She married Adwayawarman, Adwayabrahma (''Rakryan Mahamantri''), and the mother of Adityawarman, later become the king of her native kingdom Dharmasraya in Sumatra. The name ''Dara Jingga'' in old Malay means "scarlet dove". Early life Dara Jingga was the daughter of King Tribhuwanaraja, Srimat Tribhuwanaraja Mauliawarmadewa of the Dharmasraya Kingdom in Sumatra, and, along with her sister, was taken to Java to wed the Singhasari King. The Dharmasraya kingdom may have had an alliance with Singhasari in order to face the Mongol invasion. According to ''Pararaton'', ten days after the expulsion of Mongol invasion of Java, Mongol forces from Java, the Pamalayu expedition led by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adityawarman
Adityawarman (formal regnal name Maharajadiraja Srīmat Srī Udayādityawarma Pratāpaparākrama Rājendra Maulimāli Warmadewa. ) was a king of Malayapura Suvarnabhumi, and is the successor of the Mauli dynasty based in central Sumatra. He was the cousin of Jayanegara, king of Majapahit from 1309 to 1328, and the grandson of Tribhuwanaraja, king of Melayu Kingdom. Adityawarman was awarded the Senior Minister of Majapahit (''wreddamantri'') and used this authority to launch Majapahit military expansion plans and conquer east coast region in Sumatra. Adityawarman then founded the royal dynasty of Minangkabau in Pagaruyung and presided over the central Sumatra region to take control of the gold trade between 1347 and 1375. Early life Adityawarman was born around in 1294 in Trowulan, East Java, the capital of the kingdom of Majapahit, as recorded in the poem of Pararaton. According to Kuburajo inscription found in Limo Kaum, West Sumatra, Adityawarman's father was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Sumatra
West Sumatra () is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. West Sumatra borders the Indian Ocean to the west, as well as the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau to the northeast, Jambi to the southeast, and Bengkulu to the south. The province has an area of , or about the same size as Switzerland, with a population of 5,534,472 at the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. The official estimate at mid 2023 was 5,757,210 (comprising 2,900,270 males and 2,856,940 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Provinsi Sumatera Barat Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.13) The province is List of regencies and cities in West Sumatra, subdivided into twelve Regency (Indonesia), regencies and seven City status in Indonesia#Kota, cities. It has relatively more cities than other provinces outside Java, although several o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malayapura
Pagaruyung (, other name: ''Pagaruyung Dārul Qarār''), also known as Pagarruyung, Pagar Ruyung and Malayapura or Malayupura, was a kingdom that once stood in the island of Sumatra and the seat of the Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra. Modern Pagaruyung is a village in ''Tanjung Emas'' subdistrict, Tanah Datar regency, located near the town of Batusangkar, Indonesia. Prior to its establishment, the kingdom was part of Malayapura, a kingdom that the Amoghapasa inscription mentions was ruled by Adityawarman, who established himself as the ruler of ''Bhumi Malayu'' ( Suvarnabhumi). Also included in Malayapura were the kingdom of Dharmasraya and several other kingdoms or conquests of Adityawarman. The region gradually became Muslim throughout the 16th century and after. In the early 17th century, the kingdom was forced to recognise the sovereignty of the Sultanate of Aceh but rebelled in 1665, also Dutch influence and presence grew in the 17th century. In the early 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuburajo Inscription
Kuburajo Inscription, also called Kuburajo I Inscription, is one of the many inscriptions left by King Adityawarman of central Sumatra. The inscription was found in Kuburajo village, Lima Kaum district, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia in 1877 besides the main road from Batusangkar city to Padang city. The inscription was registered by N.J. Krom in ''Inventaris der Oudheden in de Padangsche Bovenlanden'' ('Inventory of Antiquities in the Padang Highlands', OV 1912: 41). The inscription is written in Sanskrit, and consists of 16 lines. This inscription was lost in 1987, but was rediscovered. When first publishing about the inscription in 1913, H. Kern initially thought that it was a memorial tombstone ( Dutch: ''grafsteen'') of King Adityawarman; based on the name of the discovery village Kuburajo (''kubur'' = tomb, and ''rajo'' = king). F.D.K. Bosch refined this interpretation in ''Verslag van een reis door Sumatra'' ('Report of a trip through Sumatra', OV 1930: 133-5 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pamalayu
The Pamalayu campaign was a diplomatic and military expeditionary force sent by the Javanese King Kertanegara of Singhasari to conquer the Sumatran Melayu Kingdom. It was decreed in 1275, though perhaps not undertaken until later. Little is known about the results of the expedition. The Padang Roco Inscription dated from 1286 states that a religious statue of Amoghapasa was established at Dharmasraya on the orders of Kertanagara, and that all the inhabitants of Melayu and especially their king, Tribhuwanaraja rejoiced at the presentation of the gifts. History The expedition arguably established Javanese domination over Melayu and trade in the Strait of Malacca. To cement the relationship between the two kingdoms, a political marriage was arranged. According to the Pararaton, two Malay princesses, Dara Petak and Dara Jingga, went to Java, originally intended for Kertanegara. However following his demise by Jayakatwang, princess Dara Petak would later be married to Kertanega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukit Gombak Inscription
Bukit, the Indonesian or Malay word for hill, may refer to: Brunei * Bukit Bendera, area in Tutong, town of Tutong District, Brunei. * Mukim Bukit Sawat, mukim in Belait District, Brunei. * Pagon Hill (Malay: Bukit Pagon), the highest mountain in Brunei. * Kampong Bukit, village in Tutong District, Brunei. Indonesia * Agro Bukit, palm oil company from Indonesia. * Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, national park on Borneo Island, Indonesia. * Barisan Mountains (Bukit Barisan), mountain range on the western side of Sumatra, Indonesia. * Bukit Dago, hill in Indonesia. * Bukit Daun, stratovolcano in Sumatra, Indonesia. * Mount Kunyit (also known as Bukit Belerang), fumarolic stratovolcano on Talang Kemuning Village, Gunung Raya District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia. * Bukit Duabelas National Park, national park in Sumatra, Indonesia. * Bukit Kerang, archaeological site of the Mesolithic era found in the Aceh Tamiang Regency, Aceh, Eastern Sumatra, Indon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padang Roco Inscription
The Padang Roco Inscription, in Indonesian Prasasti Padang Roco, is an inscription dated 1286 CE, discovered near the source of Batanghari river, Padangroco temple complex, Nagari Siguntur, Sitiung, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Etymology The inscription was named after the location where it was discovered; ''Padang Roco'', which is the local Minangkabau language, translated to "field of statues". ''Padang'' means "field", while ''roco'' is equated to ''arca'' or ''murti'', the image of Hindu-Buddhist deities. Description The inscription was discovered in 1911 near the source of the Batanghari River, Padangroco. The inscription was carved on four sides of rectangular-shaped stone is served as the base of the Amoghapasa statue. On the back side of the statue carved inscription called Amoghapasa inscription dated from a later period in 1347 CE(NBG 1911: 129, 20e). The inscriptions were carved in ancient Javanese letters, using two languages (Old Malay and Sanskrit) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singhasari
Singhasari ( or , ), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese people, Javanese Hindu-Buddist empires, Hindu-Buddhist Monarchy, kingdom located in east Java (island), Java between 1222 and 1292. The kingdom succeeded the Kingdom of Kediri as the dominant kingdom in eastern Java. The kingdom's name is cognate to the Singosari district of Malang Regency, located several kilometres north of Malang City. Etymology Singhasari (alternate spelling: ''Singosari'') was mentioned in several Javanese manuscripts, including Pararaton. According to tradition, the name was given by Ken Arok during the foundation of the new kingdom to replace its old name, Tumapel, located in a fertile highland valley which today corresponds to the area in and around Malang city. It derives from Sanskrit word ''singha'' which means "lion" and ''sari'' which in Old Javanese could mean either "essence" or "to sleep". Thus Singhasari could be translated as "essence of lion" or "sleeping lion". Although the asiati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharmasraya
Padang Roco inscription where the name ''Dharmasraya'' was mentioned Dharmasraya or Dharmmāśraya was the capital of the 11th century Buddhist polity known as Melayu Kingdom, based on the Batanghari river system in modern-day West Sumatra and Jambi, on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.J.L.A. Brandes, 1902, ''Nāgarakrětāgama; Lofdicht van Prapanjtja op koning Radjasanagara, Hajam Wuruk, van Madjapahit, naar het eenige daarvan bekende handschrift, aangetroffen in de puri te Tjakranagara op Lombok'' The kingdom itself could be identified by the name of its capital Dharmasraya or by the name Bhumi Malayu or Suvarnnabhumi according to Padang Roco Inscription. Formation After the invasion by Rajendra Chola I the king of the Chola Empire from Koromandel, authority of Sailendra dynasty over the islands of Sumatera and the Malay Peninsula weakened. Some time later came a new dynasty that took over the role of Sailendra Dynasty, called by the name of Mauli dynasty.Muljana, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pararaton
The ''Pararaton'' (''Book of Kings''), also known as the ''Katuturanira Ken Angrok'' (''Story of Ken Angrok''), is a 16th-century Javanese historical chronicle written in Kawi language, Kawi (Old Javanese). The comparatively short text of 32 folio-size pages (1126 lines) contains the history of the kings of Singhasari and Majapahit in eastern Java (island), Java. The ''Pararaton'' opens with a formal incarnation of the founder of the Singhasari kingdom (1222–1292), Ken Arok (or Ken Angrok). Almost half of the manuscript is the story of Ken Arok's career before he acceded to the throne in 1222. This part is mythical. There then follows several shorter narrative fragments in chronological order. Many of the events recorded here are dated. Towards the end, the pieces of history become shorter and shorter and are mixed with genealogy, genealogical information concerning the members of the Rajasa dynasty, royal family of the Majapahit empire. Since the oldest Colophon (publishing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
