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Aden Protectorate
The Aden Protectorate ( ') was a British protectorate in southern Arabia. The protectorate evolved in the hinterland of the port of Aden and in the Hadhramaut after the conquest of Aden by the Bombay Presidency of British India in January 1839, and which continued until the 1960s. In 1940, it was divided for administrative purposes into the Western Protectorate and the Eastern Protectorate. The territory now forms part of the Republic of Yemen. The rulers of the Aden Protectorate, as generally with the other British protectorates and protected states, retained a large degree of autonomy: their flags still flew over their government buildings, government was still performed by them or in their names, and their states maintained a distinct 'international personality' in terms of international law, in contrast to states possessed directly by the British Empire, such as Colony of Aden, where the British monarch was the sovereign. History Informal beginnings What became kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of The Emirates Of The South
The Federation of the Emirates of South Arabia ( ''Ittiḥād ʾImārāt al-Janūb al-ʿArabiyy'') was an organization of states within the British Aden Protectorate in what would become South Yemen. The Federation of six states was inaugurated in the British Colony of Aden on 11 February 1959, and the Federation and Britain signed a “Treaty of Friendship and Protection,” which detailed plans for British financial and military assistance. It subsequently added nine states and, on 4 April 1962, became known as the Federation of South Arabia. This was joined by the Aden Colony on 18 January 1963. Founding states * * * * * * Subsequent members * Alawi * Aqrabi * Dathina * Haushabi * * Lower Aulaqi * * * Notes References and further reading * Paul Dresch. ''A History of Modern Yemen''. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Raj
The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or direct rule in India. * Quote: "Mill, who was himself employed by the British East India company from the age of seventeen until the British government assumed direct rule over India in 1858." * * The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom, which were collectively called ''Presidencies and provinces of British India, British India'', and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British British paramountcy, paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially. As ''India'', it was a founding member of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Yafa
Lower Yafa, Lower Yafa'i ( '), or the Sultanate of Lower Yafa ( ''),'' was a sultanate in the British Aden Protectorate ruled by the Al Afifi dynasty. Its capital was at Jaar. Lower Yafa was one part of Yafa'a, the other part being Upper Yafa. It is now part of the Republic of Yemen. History Yafa and the Himyarite Empire Yafa was the seat of the ancient Himyarite dynasty, which lasted from 110 BCE to 632 CE when it was fully integrated into the Rashidun Caliphate. The Yafai tribe was traditionally divided into 10 branches or sheikhdoms of which 5 are in Lower Yafa and the other 5 are in Upper Yafa. These sheikhdoms are broken down to many smaller branches and extended families. Modern times Soon after the British capture of Aden an engagement was entered into in 1839 with Ali bin Ghalib, Sultan of the Lower Yafai, similar to that concluded with the Abdali and Fadhli Sultans. It would be loyally adhered to. Sultan Ali bin Ghalib died in 1841 at a great age, and was succeede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subeihi
Subeihi or Subayhi ( '), or the Subeihi Sultanate ( ' or '), was the westernmost state in the western Aden Protectorate. It was one of the original " Nine Cantons" that signed protection agreements with Great Britain in the late 19th century. The designation of "state" when referring to the Subeihi is contentious, as they were divided into a number of petty clans who owed no allegiance to a single paramount Chief, had little to no political unity, and entered treaty relations with the British separately. History In 1839, after the capture of Aden, several engagements were arranged between the British and with Chiefs of this tribe; but until 1871 the only Chiefs enjoying stipends from the British Government were the heads of the Dubeini and Rijai clans. In that year the Mansuri clan attacked and plundered a caravan coming into Aden. A detachment of the Aden troop, which had been raised in 1865 for police purposes, was despatched against them, and an action ensued in which on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haushabi
Haushabi or Hawshabi ( ''al-Ḥawshabī'' or ''al-Ḥawāshab''), or the Haushabi Sultanate ( ''Salṭanat al-Ḥawāshab''), was a state in the British Aden Protectorate. Its capital was Musaymir. The area is now part of the Republic of Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part .... History Haushabi was established in the eighteenth century. On 14 June 1839 an engagement was entered into with Sultan Mana bin Salam of this tribe, of the same tenor as those with the Abdali, the Fadhli and the Yafai. In the previous January a treaty of friendship and peace had been signed by two other Shaikhs of the Haushabi tribe with the British representative. Sultan Mana bin Salam, though more than once invited by the Abdali and Fadhli Shaikhs to join them in their attacks upon Ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fadhli Sultanate
Fadhli ( '), or the Fadhli Sultanate ( '), was an independent sultanate on the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula from the 17th century until 1967."States of the Aden Protectorates: Fadli" ''World Statesmen'' British sources described the Fadhli as "one of the most powerful and warlike tribes near Aden". Geography Their possessions lied to the north-east of Aden, and extended for a hundred miles along the coast from the eastern limits of to the western boundary of the Aulaqi at Maqatin.History An engagement was concluded between the British Government and the Fadhli in July 1839, after th ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate
The Upper Aulaqi Sultanate ( ') was a state in the British Empire, British Aden Protectorate and the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Nisab, Yemen, Nisab. History The Lower Aulaqi sultans separated from the Upper Aulaqi in the 18th century. In September 1879, Sultan Awadh bin Abdulla was dethroned in consequence of old age and was succeeded by his eldest son Abdulla. Sultan Abdulla bin Awadh died on 11 December 1887 and was succeeded by his son, Sultan Salih bin Abdulla. A treaty was concluded between the British and the Upper Aulaqi Sultan on 18 March 1904 and ratified on 23 April 1904. The Upper Aulaqi Sultanate joined the Federation of South Arabia in June 1964, the last one to join. The last sultan was Sultan Awad ibn Salih Al Awlaqi. The last ruler was deposed in 1967 upon the founding of the People's Republic of South Yemen and the area is now part of the Republic of Yemen.Paul Dresch. ''A History of Modern Yemen.'' Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aqrabi
‘Aqrabi ( '), or the Aqrabi Sheikhdom ( '), was a state in the British Aden Protectorate, the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, and its successor, the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Bir Ahmad. The state was abolished in 1967 with the independence of the People's Republic of South Yemen. The area is now part of the Republic of Yemen. Geography The Aqrabi inhabited the coast-line from Bir Ahmad to Ras Amran; inland their territory extended to an undefined point between Bir Ahmed and Wahat. Their only town, or rather village, was that of Bir Ahmad. History The `Aqrabi sheikhs became independent from the Sultans of Lahej about the year 1770. An engagement was concluded in 1839 with their Shaikh, Haidara Medhi, after the capture of Aden, and it was adhered to until the date of the third attack upon the fortress in July 1840. Thenceforward for many years their attitude was one of hostility. In 1850 they murdered a seaman of the Auckland. This necessitated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emirate Of Dhala
Dhala or Dhali` ( '), Amiri ( '), or the Emirate of Dhala ( ') was a state in the British Aden Protectorate, the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, and its successor, the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Dhala (Ad Dali'). History The group of tribes ruled over by the Amir of Dhala occupies the district north-west of the Alawi country on the high road to Sanaa. On the death in 1872 of the then Amir, Shafal bin Abdul Hadi, his nephew, Ali bin Muqbil, was recognised by the British Government as his successor. In the following year he was required by the Turkish authorities to make his submission to the Porte, a Turkish Superintendent was appointed to Dhala, a detachment of Turkish troops was quartered there, and the Amir was required to give a hostage for his good behaviour, who was to reside at Taiz. He was afterwards summoned by the Turks to Qataba and imprisoned there, but effected his escape. Muhammad bin Musaid, who had been appointed Amir by the Turks in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alawi Sheikhdom
The Alawi Sheikhdom ( '), or Alawi ( ') — was a Sheikhdom located in the Aden region of southwestern Yemen. Its capital was Al Qasha. The state was abolished in 1967 with the independence of the People's Republic of South Yemen. History No separate engagement was entered into with the Alawi after the British capture of Aden, but the Shaikh's stipend was secured through the intervention of Sultan Mana bin Salam of the Haushabi. In 1873, a body of Turkish troops marched through the Alawi country and compelled their Shaikh, Seif bin Shaif, who had refused to tender allegiance to the Turkish authorities at Taiz, to submit, and to surrender his son as a hostage. The latter was eventually released in consequence of the remonstrances of the British ambassador at Constantinople. Shaikh Seif bin Shaif died in March 1875, and was succeeded by his nephew, Said bin Salih. The latter died on 1 April 1892 and his eldest son, Shaikh Seif bin Said, was elected to the chiefship and was reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
