|
2023 Turkish Presidential Election
Turkish presidential elections, Presidential elections were held in Turkey in May 2023, alongside 2023 Turkish parliamentary election, parliamentary elections, to elect a President of Turkey, president for a term of five years. Dubbed the most important election of 2023, the presidential election went to a Two-round system, run-off for the first time in Turkish history. The election had originally been scheduled to take place on 18 June, but the government moved them forward by a month to avoid coinciding with the university exams, the Hajj, Hajj pilgrimage and the start of the summer vacation, summer holidays. It is estimated that a total of 64 million voters had the right to cast their votes in elections, 60.9 million in Turkey and 3.2 million abroad. Incumbent president Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan of the Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Justice and Development Party (AK Party) ran for re-election as the joint candidate of the People's Alliance (Turkey), Peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan
Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Justice and Development Party (AKP), which he co-founded in 2001. He also served as mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. Coming from an Islamist background and promoting socially conservative policies, Turkey has experienced increasing authoritarianism, democratic backsliding and suppression of dissent under ErdoÄŸan's rule. ErdoÄŸan was born in BeyoÄŸlu, Istanbul, and studied at the Marmara University, Aksaray Academy of Economic and Commercial Sciences, before working as a consultant and senior manager in the private sector. Becoming active in local politics, he was elected Welfare Party's BeyoÄŸlu district chair in 1984 and Istanbul chair in 1985. Following the 1994 Istanbul mayoral election, 1994 lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Party Of Greens And The Left Future
Party of Greens and the Left Future (, YSGP), abbreviated as Green Left Party (, YSP), is a green and left-libertarian party in Turkey. History The first YSP was founded on 25 November 2012 as a merger of the Greens Party and the Equality and Democracy Party. The party changed its name in April 2016. Prominent members include Murat Belge, left-wing political author and former columnist for ''Taraf''; Kutluğ Ataman, filmmaker and contemporary artist; and Ufuk Uras, former Istanbul deputy and president of the Freedom and Solidarity Party (ÖDP). The party is one of the participants in the Peoples' Democratic Congress (HDK), a political initiative instrumental in founding the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) in 2012. Their chairpersons were temporarily arrested in February 2018 but released with a travel ban for the exterior and under monitoring of the police. They were charged over social media activity and books in their possession. In the 2023 parliamentary election, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1994 Istanbul Mayoral Election
The 1994 Istanbul mayoral election took place on 27 March 1994 in order to elect the Mayor of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Additionally, each of the 27 districts of Istanbul elected a district municipal mayor on the same day. The election was held as part of nationwide 1994 Turkish local elections, local elections held on the same day. The winner of the metropolitan mayoral race was Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan, the candidate of the Islamism, Islamist-oriented Welfare Party, who served until his imprisonment in 1998. ErdoÄŸan later went on to become Prime Minister of Turkey in 2003 and President of Turkey in 2014. Results The full results of the election are shown in the table below.https://web.archive.org/web/20230518183205/https://www.ysk.gov.tr/doc/dosyalar/docs/Mahalli/1994/Buyuksehir/Pdf/1994Mahalli-Buyuksehir-istanbul.pdf By district References Elections in Istanbul 1994 elections in Turkey 1990s in Istanbul {{Turkey-election-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mayor Of Istanbul
The mayor of Istanbul is the head of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. The mayor is elected popularly every five years. Nuri Aslan has served as interim mayor of Istanbul since 26 March 2025. This article covers the Ottoman Empire to the modern day Republic of Turkey, during the Ottoman period and in the History of the Republic of Turkey, Republican era until 1930. Ottoman Empire During 1453–1858 In the Ottoman Empire, the duty of municipal government was the responsibility of the ''"Şehremini",'' a mayor-like leader, and local religious judges, ''"Kadı".'' The first mayor of Istanbul after the Fall of Constantinople, conquest on May 29, 1453 was Hızırbey Çelebi. Until 1858, the capital of the Ottoman Empire was governed by a total of 422 kadis. Tanzimat period (1858–1876) The idea to establish a municipality organization based on Western standards was first discussed in 1854 during the Crimean War when diplomats and journalists of allied nations came to Const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ümit Özdağ
Ümit Özdağ (; born 3 March 1961, Tokyo) is a Turkish politician and the current leader of the Victory Party. He was deputy leader of the far-right Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) from November 2015 to February 2016. He announced his candidacy for the party leadership for the 8th MHP Ordinary Congress in 2006, but had his membership revoked two days later. After returning to the party following a successful lawsuit, he again announced his candidacy for the MHP leadership in April 2016 for the 2016 Nationalist Movement Party Extraordinary Congress, which was eventually called off after numerous legal disputes. He had his party membership revoked by the MHP High Disciplinary Board on 15 November 2016 joined the Good Party. In April 2019, he resigned from party's executive board but announced that he will continue to be in the party and continue his party-related activities. On 16 November 2020, Özdağ was also dismissed from the Good Party. He founded the right wing anti-immi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Victory Party (Turkey)
The Victory Party (, ZP) is a Right-wing politics, right-wing to Far-right politics, far-right, Ultranationalism, ultranationalist, Opposition to immigration, anti-immigrant political party in Turkey founded on 26 August 2021 under the leadership of Ümit Özdağ. The party was represented in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, Grand National Assembly by a single MP, Özdağ himself, until it failed to pass the electoral threshold in the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election, 2023 election and therefore was barred from any seats. The Victory Party is the continuation of the ''Ayyıldız Movement'' () initiated by Ümit Özdağ, which became a youth movement after the establishment of the party. The founding petition of the party was submitted to the Ministry of the Interior (Turkey), Ministry of the Interior on 26 August 2021 and then the party was officially established. History The party was founded by Ümit Özdağ, due to his many disagreements with other Turkish partie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Cost Of Living
The cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living for an individual or a household. Changes in the cost of living over time can be measured in a cost-of-living index. Cost of living calculations are also used to compare the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living in different geographic areas. Differences in the cost of living between locations can be measured in terms of purchasing power parity rates. A sharp rise in the cost of living can trigger a cost of living crisis, where purchasing power is lost and, for some people, their previous lifestyle is no longer affordable. The link between income and health is well-established. People who are facing poverty are less likely to seek regular and professional medical advice, receive dental care, or resolve health issues. The cost of Prescription drug, prescription medicine is often cited as a metric in cost of living research and Consumer price index, consumer price indices. Cost of living pressures ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Turkish Economy
The economy of Turkey is an emerging free-market economy. It ranked as the 16th-largest in the world and 7th-largest in Europe by nominal GDP in 2025. It also ranked as the 12th-largest in the world and 5th-largest in Europe by PPP in 2025. Turkey's rapid economic growth since the 2000s was stranded by the economic crisis in 2018, but it began to recover in 2021. Turkey's USD-based nominal GDP per capita and GDP-PPP per capita have eventually reached their all-time peak values in 2024. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD and G20. Ratified in 1995, the European Union–Turkey Customs Union has established a free trade area between Turkey and the European Union, which has increased bilateral foreign trade, investment and economic activity. As the fifth most visited destination in the world, Turkey has a large tourism industry, which accounted for 12% of the country's total GDP in 2023. First established in 2000, many technoparks were pioneered by Turkish universities, no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
2023 Turkey–Syria Earthquakes
On 6 February 2023, at 04:17 Time in Turkey, TRT (01:17 Coordinated Universal Time, UTC), a 7.8 earthquake struck southern and central Turkey and northern and western Ba'athist Syria, Syria. The epicenter was west–northwest of Gaziantep. The earthquake had a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of XII (''Extreme'') around the epicenter and in Antakya. It was followed by a 7.7 earthquake at 13:24. This earthquake was centered north-northeast from the first. There was widespread damage and tens of thousands of fatalities. The 7.8 earthquake is the largest in Turkey since the 1939 Erzincan earthquake of the same magnitude, and jointly the second-largest in the country, after larger estimates for the 1668 North Anatolia earthquake. It is also one of the List of earthquakes in the Levant, strongest earthquakes ever recorded in the Levant. It was felt as far as Egypt and the Black Sea coast of Turkey. There were more than List of aftershoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sinan OÄŸan
Sinan Oğan (born 1 September 1967) is a Turkish politician who won a seat in the Turkish parliament in 2011 with the far-right Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). He was the presidential candidate of ATA Alliance for the 2023 Turkish presidential election, which resulted in a second round. He finished in third place, therefore he was described as a potential kingmaker. He proceeded to support the People's Alliance candidate Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who was subsequently elected president in the second round of the election. Early life and education Oğan was born on 1 September 1967 in Iğdır, Turkey, in a family of Azerbaijani ethnicity. He graduated from the Department of Management at Marmara University in 1989. From 1993 to 2000 Oğan worked as deputy dean at the Azerbaijan State Economic University. From 1994 to 1998, he also served as a representative of the Turkish International Cooperation and Development Agency ( TİKA) of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs in an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ancestral Alliance
Ancestral Alliance or Ancestor Alliance (), stylized as ATA Alliance, was a right-wing electoral alliance in Turkey that was established on 11 March 2023 and consisted of the Victory Party, the Justice Party, the My Country Party and the Turkey Alliance Party. The candidate it has chosen for the 2023 Turkish presidential election is Sinan Oğan, a former Nationalist Movement Party deputy. The True Party left the alliance after Oğan was nominated as candidate. History Establishment In June 2022, it was suggested that a new alliance of five parties, including the Victory Party, would be formed Ümit Özdağ said about those allegations, "There is no such thing. I am not in preparation for an alliance". In the following days, the Chairman of the Homeland Party Muharrem İnce, the Chairman of the Victory Party Ümit Özdağ, the Chairman of the Justice Party Vecdet Öz and the Chairman of the True Party Rifat Serdaroğlu made statements that they were in talks about the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Anti-immigration
Opposition to immigration, also known as anti-immigration, is a political position that seeks to restrict immigration. In the modern sense, immigration refers to the entry of people from one state or territory into another state or territory in which they are not citizens. Illegal immigration occurs when people immigrate to a country without having official permission to do so. Opposition to immigration ranges from calls for various immigration reforms, to proposals to completely restrict immigration, to calls for repatriation of existing immigrants. Anti-immigration arguments National identity Whether and how national identity affects attitudes toward immigration depends heavily on the meanings associated with a particular national identity. If a national identity is defined in an exclusionary way that targets ethnic or racial groups, or if an ethnic or racial majority dominates in the political structures of a nation, then that national identity is likely to be associat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
