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20-N
20-N is a symbolic abbreviation used to denote the date of death of two far-right figures in 20th-century Spanish history. The first date, 20 November 1936, near the end of the first year of the Spanish Civil War, marks the execution in Alicante of 33-year-old José Antonio Primo de Rivera, the founder of the fascist party, Falange Española (Spanish Phalanx), who became extolled as a cult figure during the years of post-civil war Francoist Spain led by Francisco Franco. The second date, 39 years later, is 20 November 1975, when Generalísimo Franco – aged 82, and having ruled Spain for close to four decades as its dictator, or as he called himself, ''caudillo'' (Spanish for leader) – died in bed following a lengthy illness. Other incidents * The same day also proved to be fatal to Primo de Rivera's political opposite, 40-year-old Buenaventura Durruti, a key leader of Spain's two largest anarchist organizations, Federación Anarquista Ibérica (Iberian Anarchist Feder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish General Election, 2011
A general election was held in Spain on Sunday, 20 November 2011, to elect the members of the 10th . All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 266 seats in the Senate. An election had not been due until early 2012, but a call by Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero for a snap election five months ahead of schedule was announced on 29 July 2011. Zapatero did not be seek a third term in office, and with political pressure mounting, worsening economic conditions, and his political project exhausted, an early election was perceived as the only way out. The election campaign was dominated by the impact of the Great Recession in Spain: high unemployment, a large public deficit and a soaring risk premium. Opinion polls had shown consistent leads for the opposition People's Party (PP) over the ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), whose popularity had plummeted after Zapatero's U-turns in economic policy had forced him to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (born Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general and dictator who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975, assuming the title ''Caudillo''. This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Spain, Ferrol, Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910. While serving in Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Morocco, he rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1926 at age 33. Two years later, Franco became the director of the General Military Academy in Zaragoza. As a Conservatism, conservative and Monarchism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
And In The Third Year, He Rose Again
''And in the Third Year, He Rose Again'' () is a 1980 Spanish comedy film directed by Rafael Gil.de España, Rafael. ''Directory of Spanish and Portuguese Film-Makers and Films''. Greenwood Press, 1994. p. 120. . It is based on a best-selling novel by Fernando Vizcaíno Casas. Plot On the morning of 20 November 1978 (20-N), an elderly man in a coat resembling Francisco Franco in his last years hitchhikes from the Valley of the Fallen to Madrid. Around the same time, a radio report on the French franc () is misunderstood as saying that dictator Francisco Franco has risen from the dead. The rest of the film are scenes showing how Spanish people react to the rumor amidst the Spanish transition to democracy: * Communist leader Santiago Carrillo dons a wig again and plans for an exile overseas. * The Organization of Iberian States meets to end up amending the FIFA rules to allow football penalties to be decided democratically by the crowd. * A festival attended by openly gay men is fled b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November Observances
November is the eleventh and penultimate month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 30 days. November was the ninth month of the calendar of Romulus . November retained its name (from the Latin ''novem'' meaning "nine") when January and February were added to the Roman calendar. November is a month of late spring in the Southern Hemisphere and late autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. In Ancient Rome, Ludi Plebeii was held from November 4–17, Epulum Jovis was held on November 13 and Brumalia celebrations began on November 24. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. November was referred to as Blōtmōnaþ by the Anglo-Saxons. Brumaire and Frimaire were the months on which November fell in the French Republican calendar. Astronomy November meteor showers include the Andromedids, which occurs f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spain
Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state. Spanning across the majority of the Iberian Peninsula, its territory also includes the Canary Islands, in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Balearic Islands, in the Western Mediterranean Sea, and the Autonomous communities of Spain#Autonomous cities, autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in mainland Africa. Peninsular Spain is bordered to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; to the east and south by the Mediterranean Sea and Gibraltar; and to the west by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Spain's capital and List of largest cities in Spain, largest city is Madrid, and other major List of metropolitan areas in Spain, urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1936 In Spain
Incumbents *President: Manuel Azaña *Prime Minister of Spain, Prime Minister: Santiago Casares Quiroga until July 19, Francisco Largo Caballero Events *July 17–18 – July 1936 military uprising in Melilla *July 18–25 – July 1936 military uprising in Seville *July 18–20 – Siege of Cuartel de la Montaña *July 19 – July 1936 military uprising in Barcelona *July 19–27 – Siege of Cuartel de Loyola *July 19-August 16 – Siege of Gijón *July 19-October 16 – Siege of Oviedo *July 20-23 – July 1936 coup d'état in Granada *July 21-September 27 – Siege of the Alcázar *August 14 – Battle of Badajoz (1936) *August 19-September 5 – Battle of Irún *September 3 – Battle of Talavera de la Reina (1936) Births *7 March – Antonio Mercero, film director and screenwriter (d. 2018) *15 March – Francisco Ibáñez Talavera, cartoonist and writer (d. 2023) *4 May – El Cordobés, matador *18 May – Francisco Laína, politician (b. 2022) *3 July – Jerónimo Saa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Magnus Enzensberger
Hans Magnus Enzensberger (11 November 1929 – 24 November 2022) was a German author, poet, translator, and editor. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Andreas Thalmayr, Elisabeth Ambras, Linda Quilt and Giorgio Pellizzi. Enzensberger was regarded as one of the literary founding figures of the Federal Republic of Germany and wrote more than 70 books, with works translated into 40 languages. He was one of the leading authors in Group 47, and influenced the 1968 West German student movement. He was awarded the Georg Büchner Prize and the Pour le Mérite, among many others. Life and career Enzensberger was born in 1929 in Kaufbeuren, a small town in Bavaria, as the eldest of four boys. His father, Andreas Enzensberger, worked as a telecommunications technician, and his mother, Leonore (Ledermann) Enzensberger, a kindergarten teacher. Enzensberger was part of the last generation of intellectuals whose writing was shaped by first-hand experience of Nazi Germany. The Enzensberger fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro De Paz
Pedro de Paz (born 26 October 1969 in Madrid) is a Spanish writer. After working in computing for more than 15 years, de Paz decided in 2002 to try a career in literature. His first novel, ''El hombre que mató a Durruti'' (2004), won the José Saramago Novel Competitiohttp://www.laultima.com/noticia.php?id=10956&seccion=Cultura&idcategoria=9]. The novel was translated into English and published by ChristieBooks in its ''Read and Noir'' series. De Paz' literary output is mainly in the field of police and crime novels. He also writes articles and short stories, some of them published in various anthologies and magazines. Bibliography In Spanish *''El documento Saldaña'' (Ed. Planeta, 2008; Círculo de Lectores, 2009), ; *"Mala Suerte", in: ''La lista negra'' (Ed. Salto de Página, 2009) Collective anthology of short stories. *''Muñecas tras el cristal'' (Ed. El Tercer Nombre, 2006), *"Revenge Blues", in: ''La vida es un bar'' (Ed. Amargord, 2006) Collective anthology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AK Press
AK Press is a workers' self-management, worker-managed, independent publisher and book distributor that specializes in publishing books about anarchism and the Far-left politics, radical left. Operated out of Chico, California, United States, with a branch in Edinburgh, Scotland, the company is co-op, collectively owned. History AK was founded in Stirling, Scotland, Stirling, Scotland, by Ramsey Kanaan in 1987 as a small Zine distro, mail-order distribution outlet, eventually expanding into independent publishing and moving the Scotland base of operations to Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, and later opening a US base of operations in Oakland, California. The press was named for Kanaan's mother, Ann Kanaan. Kanaan and several other members of AK Press left in 2007 to form PM Press. After operating out of the Bay Area for decades, in March 2015, a deadly fire at a warehouse complex in West Oakland, California, West Oakland, California, damaged AK Press's warehouse and prompted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chuck W
Chuck () is a masculine given name or a nickname for Charles or Charlie. It may refer to: People Arts and entertainment * Chuck Alaimo, American saxophonist, leader of the Chuck Alaimo Quartet * Chuck Barris (1929–2017), American TV producer * Chuck Berry (1926–2017), American rock and roll musician * Chuck Brown (1936–2012), American guitarist and singer * Chuck Close (1940–2021), American painter and photographer * Chuck Comeau (born 1979), Canadian drummer * Chuck Connors (1921–1992), American athlete and actor * Chuck D (born 1960), stage name of Carlton Douglas Ridenhour, American rapper * Chuck Garric, rock bassist of Alice Cooper * Charlton Heston, "Chuck", (1923–2008), American actor and political activist * Chuck Holmes (entrepreneur) (1945–2000), American entrepreneur and philanthropist, founded Falcon Studios * Chuck Jackson (1937–2023), American R&B singer * Chuck Jackson (musician) (born 1953), Canadian musician * Chuck Jones (1912–2002), Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abel Paz
Abel Paz (August 12, 1921 – April 13, 2009) was a Spanish anarchist and historian who fought in the Spanish Civil War. He wrote multiple volumes on anarchist history, including a biography of Buenaventura Durruti, an influential anarchist during the war. He kept the anarchist tradition throughout his life, including a decade in Francoist Spain's jails and multiple decades in exile in France. Background Abel Paz was born Diego Camacho Escámez on August 12, 1921, in Almería, southeastern Andalusia, Spain. When he was six years old, he moved in with his Barcelonan uncle, who was a member of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), a Spanish anarcho-syndicalist labor union. Before his teens, Paz had joined the libertarian Francisco Ferrer, Ferrerist school Escuela Natura in Barcelona's El Clot working class district. He moved back briefly to Almería, where his mother was, too, a CNT member and subscribed to the Libertarian Youth in 1935. Career Spanish Civil War B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antony Beevor
Sir Antony James Beevor, (born 14 December 1946) is a British military historian. He has published several popular historical works, mainly on the Second World War, the Spanish Civil War, and most recently the Russian Revolution and Civil War. Educated at Abberley Hall School, Winchester College, and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Beevor commanded a troop of tanks in the 11th Hussars in Germany before deciding in 1970 to leave the army and become a writer. He was a visiting professor at Birkbeck, University of London, and the University of Kent. His best-selling books, '' Stalingrad'' (1998) and '' Berlin: The Downfall 1945'' (2002), have been acclaimed for their detailed coverage of the battles between the Soviet Union and Germany, and their focus on the experiences of ordinary people. ''Berlin'' proved very controversial in Russia because of the information it contained from former Soviet archives about the mass rapes carried out by the Red Army in 1945. Beevor's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
