17α-methyl-19-norprogesterone
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17α-methyl-19-norprogesterone
17α-Methyl-19-norprogesterone (developmental code name H-3510), also known as 17α-methyl-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a progestin which was never marketed. It is a derivative of progesterone, and is the combined derivative of 17α-methylprogesterone and 19-norprogesterone. The drug is the parent compound of a subgroup of the 19-norprogesterone group of progestins, which includes demegestone (the δ9 derivative), promegestone (the δ9 and 21-methyl derivative), and trimegestone Trimegestone, sold under the brand names Ondeva and Totelle among others, is a progestin medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It was also under development for use in birth c ... (the δ9, 21-methyl, and 21-hydroxyl derivative). See also * Gestronol (17α-hydroxy-19-norprogesterone) References Abandoned drugs Diketones Norpregnanes Progestogens {{Genito-urinary-drug-stub ...
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Demegestone
Demegestone, sold under the brand name Lutionex, is a progestin medication which was previously used to treat luteal insufficiency but is now no longer marketed.: It is taken by mouth. Demegestone is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has no androgenic activity. Demegestone was first described in 1966 and was introduced for medical use in France in 1974. It has only been marketed in France, and has since been discontinued in this country. Medical uses Demegestone has been used to treat luteal insufficiency. It has also been studied in combination with estrogens, such as moxestrol, as an oral contraceptive and treatment for infertility. Side effects Pharmacology Pharmacodynamics Demegestone is a progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor (PR). It is a highly potent progestogen, showing 50 times the potency of progesterone i ...
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Promegestone
Promegestone, sold under the brand name Surgestone, is a progestin medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the treatment of gynecological disorders. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of promegestone include menstrual irregularities among others. Promegestone is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has weak antiandrogenic, glucocorticoid, and antimineralocorticoid activity and no other important hormonal activity. The medication is largely a prodrug of trimegestone. Promegestone was first described in 1973 and was introduced for medical use in France in 1983. It has only been marketed in a few countries, including France, Portugal, Tunisia, and Argentina. In addition to its use as a medication, promegestone has been widely used in scientific research as a radioligand of the progesterone receptor. Medical uses Promegestone is used in menop ...
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Trimegestone
Trimegestone, sold under the brand names Ondeva and Totelle among others, is a progestin medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It was also under development for use in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, but ultimately was not marketed for this purpose. The medication is available alone or in combination with an estrogen. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of trimegestone include headache, breast tenderness, nervousness, abdominal pain, bloating, muscle cramps, nausea, depression, and vaginal bleeding among others. Trimegestone is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has weak antiandrogenic and antimineralocorticoid activity and no other important hormonal activity. Trimegestone was first described in 1979 and was introduced for medical use in 2001. It is sometimes described as a "four ...
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Progestin
A progestogen, also referred to as a progestagen, gestagen, or gestogen, is a type of medication which produces effects similar to those of the natural female sex hormone progesterone in the body. A progestin is a '' synthetic'' progestogen. Progestogens are used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy. They can also be used in the treatment of gynecological conditions, to support fertility and pregnancy, to lower sex hormone levels for various purposes, and for other indications. Progestogens are used alone or in combination with estrogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration. Examples of progestogens include natural or bioidentical progesterone as well as progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisterone. Side effects of progestogens include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, mood changes, acne, increased hair ...
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Progestogen
Progestogens, also sometimes written progestins, progestagens or gestagens, are a class of natural or synthetic steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptors (PR). Progesterone is the major and most important progestogen in the body. The progestogens are named for their function in maintaining pregnancy (i.e., ''progestational''), although they are also present at other phases of the estrous and menstrual cycles. The progestogens are one of three types of sex hormones, the others being estrogens like estradiol and androgens/anabolic steroids like testosterone. In addition, they are one of the five major classes of steroid hormones, the others being the androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids, as well as the neurosteroids. All endogenous progestogens are characterized by their basic 21-carbon skeleton, called a pregnane skeleton (C21). In similar manner, the estrogens possess an estrane skeleton (C18), and androgens, an androst ...
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Progestin
A progestogen, also referred to as a progestagen, gestagen, or gestogen, is a type of medication which produces effects similar to those of the natural female sex hormone progesterone in the body. A progestin is a '' synthetic'' progestogen. Progestogens are used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy. They can also be used in the treatment of gynecological conditions, to support fertility and pregnancy, to lower sex hormone levels for various purposes, and for other indications. Progestogens are used alone or in combination with estrogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration. Examples of progestogens include natural or bioidentical progesterone as well as progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisterone. Side effects of progestogens include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, mood changes, acne, increased hair ...
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Chemical Derivative
In chemistry, a derivative is a compound that is derived from a similar compound by a chemical reaction. In the past, derivative also meant a compound that ''can be imagined to'' arise from another compound, if one atom or group of atoms is replaced with another atom or group of atoms, but modern chemical language now uses the term structural analog for this meaning, thus eliminating ambiguity. The term "structural analogue" is common in organic chemistry. In biochemistry, the word is used for compounds that at least theoretically can be formed from the precursor compound. Chemical derivatives may be used to facilitate analysis. For example, melting point (MP) analysis can assist in identification of many organic compounds. A crystalline derivative may be prepared, such as a semicarbazone or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (derived from aldehydes or ketones), as a simple way of verifying the identity of the original compound, assuming that a table of derivative MP values is availa ...
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Progesterone (medication)
Progesterone (P4), sold under the brand name Prometrium among others, is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone. It is a progestogen (medication), progestogen and is used in combination with estrogen (medication), estrogens mainly in hormone replacement therapy, hormone therapy for menopause, menopausal symptoms and hypogonadism, low sex hormone levels in women. It is also used in women to support pregnancy and fertility and to treat gynecological disorders. Progesterone can be taken oral administration, by mouth, intravaginal administration, vaginally, and by injection (medicine), injection into muscle or fat, among other route of administration, routes. A progesterone vaginal ring and progesterone intrauterine device used for hormonal contraception, birth control also exist in some areas of the world. Progesterone is tolerability, well tolerated and often produces few or no side effects. However, a number of side effects are possible, for instance mood (psych ...
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17α-methylprogesterone
17α-Methylprogesterone (17α-MP), or 17α-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a steroidal progestin related to progesterone that was synthesized and characterized in 1949 but was never marketed. Along with ethisterone (1938) and 19-norprogesterone (1951), 17α-MP was one of the earliest derivatives of progesterone to be identified as possessing progestogenic activity. Similarly to progesterone and derivatives like 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and 19-norprogesterone, 17α-MP was found to possess poor (though not negligible) oral bioavailability, but showed improved progestogenic activity relative to progesterone when administered via other routes (e.g., subcutaneous or vaginal). In addition to its activity as a progestogen, 17α-MP has also been found to possess some antiglucocorticoid activity. The observation of two-fold improved potency of 17α-MP relative to progesterone led to renewed interest in 17α-substituted derivatives of progesterone. Subsequently, hydroxyprogesterone ac ...
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Parent Compound
In chemistry, a parent structure is the structure of an unadorned ion or molecule from which derivatives can be visualized. Parent structures underpin systematic nomenclature and facilitate classification. Fundamental parent structures have one or no functional groups and often have various types of symmetry. Benzene () is a chemical itself consisting of a hexagonal ring of carbon atoms with a hydrogen atom attached to each, and is the parent of many derivatives that have substituent atoms or groups replacing one or more of the hydrogens. Some parents are rare or nonexistent themselves, as in the case of porphine, though many simple and complex derivatives are known. File:Benzene circle.png, Benzene is the parent. File:Toluene-vec.svg, Toluene is a derivative of benzene. File:Porphyrin.svg, Porphine is the parent of porphyrins. File:PPIXtransH.png, Protoporphyrin IX is a natural derivative of the parent porphine. File:H2octaethylporphyrin.png, Octaethylporphyrin is a syntheti ...
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Gestronol
Gestronol (), also known as gestonorone, as well as 17α-hydroxy-19-norprogesterone or 17α-hydroxy-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a progestin of the 19-norprogesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone groups which was never marketed. The C17α caproate ester of gestronol, gestonorone caproate (gestronol hexanoate), in contrast, has been marketed. Gestronol shows relatively low affinity for the progesterone receptor, only about 12.5% of that of progesterone and about 2.5% of that of 19-norprogesterone in one assay. On the other hand, gestronol had far higher affinity than 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, which showed less than 0.1% of the affinity of progesterone for the progesterone receptor. See also * 17α-Methyl-19-norprogesterone 17α-Methyl-19-norprogesterone (developmental code name H-3510), also known as 17α-methyl-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a progestin which was never marketed. It is a derivative of progesterone, and is the combined derivative of 17α-methylp . ...
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