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1528
__NOTOC__ Year 1528 ( MDXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, there is also a Leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 12 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned king of Sweden, having already reigned since his election in June 1523. * January 26 – The Canton of Bern becomes the second in Switzerland to officially adopt Protestantism after 21-day debate, the Bern Disputation * February 29 – John Zápolya, ruler of the remaining eastern portion of Hungary after its the acquisition of the western section by the Habsburg Austrians, joins in an alliance with the Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Turks, receiving protection and autonomy in return for allowing Turkish occupation of his Eastern Hungarian Kingdom. * February ** Peasant uprising in Dalarna, Sweden: The rebel campaign fails, and the rebel leader, later known as '' Daljunkern'', flees to Rostock. ** Diego ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Szina
The Battle of Szina or Seňa took place near Szina in the Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Seňa, in Slovakia). The battle was fought on 20 March 1528 between two rival kings of Hungary John Zápolya and Ferdinand I. The latter's forces under command of Bálint Török and Johann Katzianer, a Styrian mercenary commander defeated John's army; the battle was the second military defeat for John Zápolya during the civil war. Preparations After the Battle of Mohács, where King Louis II of Hungary was killed, John Zápolya, Voivode of Transylvania, ascended to the Hungarian throne. However, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria also claimed the throne through the House of Habsburg intermarriages with Louis II's Jagiellon dynasty. In 1527, Ferdinand invaded Hungary and defeated John in the Battle of Tarcal (near Tokaj). Zápolya recruited a new army, and in 1528 advanced into Hungary with approximately 15,000 men, including Transylvanian, Polish, and Serbian troops, but few Hungari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bern Disputation
The Bern Disputation was a debate over the theology of the Swiss Reformation that occurred in Bern from 6 to 26 January 1528 that ended in Bern becoming the second Swiss canton to officially become Protestant. Background As the reformation in Zürich progressed in the 1520s, the surrounding Swiss cantons were also affected. Bern was the capital of the Swiss Confederacy and was "the largest, most conservative and aristocratic of the Swiss cantons" at the time. The early Protestant movement spearheaded by Martin Luther had an effect on Bern as early as 1518, and Protestant teaching was being debated in Bern by 1522. By 1523, Protestants already held significant posts in Bern, including artist Niklaus Manuel and preacher Berchtold Haller. Disputations with Luther and his followers had already occurred in different parts of Germany, and Switzerland had also already been home to the Zürich Disputations that saw Zürich officially become Protestant in January of 1524. The Baden D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nils Stensson Sture
Nils Stensson Sture (1512 – 1526 or 1528) was the eldest son and heir of Sten Sture the Younger. The so-called Daljunkern ('the Dale-Junker', i.e. the junker from Dalarna), the young leader of an unsuccessful rebellion against Gustav Vasa, claimed to be Nils Sture, and it is a much-discussed question in Swedish historiography whether they really were the same person or if ''Daljunkern'' was an impostor. Biography Nils was the eldest son of Sten Sture the Younger and his wife Kristina Gyllenstierna. Sten Sture ruled Sweden through the 1510s with the title of regent (), but in February 1520 he suffered a mortal wound fighting against Christian II of Denmark at the Battle of Bogesund. Christian subsequently overran Sweden, and the seven-year old Nils was captured by the Danes and held prisoner in Copenhagen. In 1521 the Swedish nobleman Gustav Vasa led a successful rebellion against the Danes and declared himself King of Sweden. In 1524 Nils was released by the new Danish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
February 29
February 29 is a '' leap day'' (or "leap year day")—an intercalary date added periodically to create leap years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. It is the 60th day of a leap year in both Julian and Gregorian calendars, and 306 days remain until the end of the leap year. It is the last day of February in leap years only. It is also the last day of meteorological winter in the Northern Hemisphere and the last day of meteorological summer in the Southern Hemisphere in leap years. In the Gregorian calendar, the standard civil calendar used in most of the world, February 29 is added in each year that is an integer multiple of four, unless it is evenly divisible by 100 but not by 400. For example, 1900 was not a leap year, but 2000 was. The Julian calendar— since 1923 a liturgical calendar—has a February 29 every fourth year without exception. Consequently, February 29 in the Julian calendar, since 1900, falls 13 days later than February 29 in the Gregorian, u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton Of Bern
The canton of Bern, or Berne (; ; ; ), is one of the Canton of Switzerland, 26 cantons forming the Switzerland, Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern, is also the ''de facto'' capital of Switzerland. The bear is the heraldic symbol of the canton, displayed on a red-yellow background. Comprising Subdivisions of the canton of Bern, ten districts, Bern is the second-largest canton by both surface area and population. Located in west-central Switzerland, it is surrounded by eleven cantons. It borders the cantons of canton of Jura, Jura and canton of Solothurn, Solothurn to the north. To the west lie the cantons of canton of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, canton of Fribourg, Fribourg, and canton of Vaud, Vaud. To the south lies the cantons of canton of Valais, Valais. East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Canton of Uri, Uri, Canton of Nidwalden, Nidwalden, Canton of Obwalden, Obwalden, Canton of Lucerne, Lucerne and Canton of Aargau, Aargau. The geography of the canton includes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Zápolya
John Zápolya or Szapolyai (; ; ; ; 1487 – 22 July 1540), was King of Hungary (as John I) from 1526 to 1540. His rule was disputed by Archduke Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand I, who also claimed the title King of Hungary. He was Voivode of Transylvania before his coronation, from 1510 to 1526. John came from a prominent Croatian-Slavonian noble family. His father became one of Hungary's wealthiest lords and served as Palatine of Hungary. During the Peasants' Revolt of 1514 led by György Dózsa, John gained influence through his military campaigns and by crushing the revolt, which bolstered his authority and earned him the title of "liberator of the realm." However, his power declined after his sister Barbara Zápolya, Barbara's death in 1515. And in 1528, he fled to Kingdom of Poland (1385-1569), Poland, later aligning with the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, leading Hungary to become an Ottoman Hungary, Ottoman vassal state. Rise of the Szápolya family John was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diego García De Moguer
Diego García de Moguer (1484 or 1496–1544) was a Spanish explorer who also sailed for the Portuguese Crown later in life. The Diego Garcia island, the largest of the Chagos Archipelago, is named after him. Biography Spanish sources indicate that Diego García was born in Moguer in 1484 (or 1496), but there are Portuguese sources say he was born in Lisbon. However, his first expedition, in 1515, was with Juan Díaz de Solís in search of an oceanic passage leading to the Far East, returning to Spain after the death of Díaz de Solís in the Río de la Plata basin in 1516. He participated in the expedition of Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano between 1519 and 1522. García received approval for a new voyage. According to his own account, Diego García set sail on 15 January 1526, but historians have doubted the accuracy of this date, and are more inclined to accept 15 August 1527 (suggested by chronicler Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, Herrera) as the actual de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
The Eastern Hungarian Kingdom ( ) is a modern term coined by some historians to designate the realm of John Zápolya and his son John Sigismund Zápolya, who contested the claims of the House of Habsburg to rule the Kingdom of Hungary from 1526 to 1570. The Zápolyas ruled over an eastern part of Hungary, and the Habsburg kings (Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand and Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian) ruled the west. The Habsburgs tried several times to unite all Hungary under their rule, but the Ottoman Empire prevented that by supporting the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom.Robert John Weston Evans, T. V. Thomas. ''Crown, Church and Estates: Central European politics in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries'', Macmillan, 1991, pp. 80–81 The exact extent of the Zápolya realm was never settled because both the Habsburgs and the Zápolyas claimed the whole kingdom. A temporary territorial division was made in the Treaty of Nagyvárad in 1538. The Eastern Hungari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand I (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, Hungary, and List of rulers of Croatia, Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of Austria from 1521 until his death in 1564.Milan Kruhek: Cetin, grad izbornog sabora Kraljevine Hrvatske 1527, Karlovačka Županija, 1997, Karslovac Before his accession as emperor, he ruled the Erblande, Austrian hereditary lands of the House of Habsburg in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Also, he often served as Charles' representative in the Holy Roman Empire and developed encouraging relationships with German princes. In addition, Ferdinand also developed valuable relationships with the German banking house of Jakob Fugger and the Catalan bank, Banca Palenzuela Levi Kahana. The key events during his reign were the conflict with the Ottoman Empire, which in the 1520s began a great advance into Central Europe, and the Protestant Reformation, which resulted in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country by both area and population, and is the List of European countries by area, fifth-largest country in Europe. Its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a population of 10.6 million, and a low population density of ; 88% of Swedes reside in urban areas. They are mostly in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden's urban areas together cover 1.5% of its land area. Sweden has a diverse Climate of Sweden, climate owing to the length of the country, which ranges from 55th parallel north, 55°N to 69th parallel north, 69°N. Sweden has been inhabited since Prehistoric Sweden, prehistoric times around 12,000 BC. The inhabitants emerged as the Geats () and Swedes (tribe), Swedes (), who formed part of the sea-faring peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav I Of Sweden
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm ('' Riksföreståndare'') from 1521, during the ongoing Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead the Swedish War of Liberation following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union. During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant reformation in Sweden, transformed the country from an elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing army and navy. Early life Gustav Eriksson, a son of Cecilia Månsdotter Eka and Erik Johansson Vasa, was probably born in 1496. The birth most likely took place in Rydboholm Castle, nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformation In Switzerland
The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate, Mark Reust, and the population of Zürich in the 1520s. It led to significant changes in civil life and state matters in Zürich and spread to several other cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy. Seven cantons remained Catholic, however, which led to intercantonal wars known as the Wars of Kappel. After the victory of the Catholic cantons in 1531, they proceeded to institute Counter-Reformation policies in some regions. The schism and distrust between the Catholic and the Protestant cantons defined their interior politics and paralysed any common foreign policy until well into the 18th century. Despite their religious differences and an exclusively Catholic defence alliance of the seven cantons (''Goldener Bund''), no other major armed conflicts directly between the cantons occurred. Soldiers from both sides fought in the French Wars of Religion. Duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
