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1,3-Benzodioxolyl-N-methylpentanamine
''N''-Methyl-1,3-benzodioxolylpentanamine (MBDP; Methyl-K, UWA-091), also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-propyl-''N''-methylphenethylamine, is a psychoactive drug of the phenethylamine chemical class. It is the ''N''-methyl analogue (chemistry), analogue of 1,3-benzodioxolylpentanamine (BDP; K). Methyl-K was first chemical synthesis, synthesized by Alexander Shulgin ("Sasha" Shulgin). In his book PiHKAL ("Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved"), the minimum Dose (biochemistry), dosage is listed as 100 mg, and the half-life, duration is unknown. Very little is known about the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effect, effects, and toxicity of Methyl-K. Legality United Kingdom This substance is a Class A drug in the Drugs controlled by the UK Misuse of Drugs Act#Class A drugs, Drugs controlled by the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. See also * Pentylone (bk-MBDP) * Ethylbenzodioxolylpentanamine (EBDP; Ethyl-K) * Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine (MBDB; Methyl-J) * Methylenedioxy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PiHKAL
''PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is Psychoactive drug, psychoactive phenethylamine Derivative (chemistry), chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelic drug, psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens. The main title, PiHKAL, is an acronym that stands for "Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved". The book is arranged into two parts, the first part being a fictionalized autobiography of the couple and the second part describing 179 different psychedelic compounds (most of which Shulgin discovered himself), including detailed synthesis instructions, bioassays, dosages, and other commentary. The second part was made freely available by Shulgin on Erowid while the first part is available only in the printed text. While the reactions described are beyond the ability of people with a basic chemistry education, some tend to emphasize techniques that do not require difficult-to-ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UWA-101
UWA-101 (also known as α-cyclopropyl-MDMA) is a phenethylamine derivative researched as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease. Its chemical structure is very similar to that of the illegal drug MDMA, the only difference being the replacement of the α-methyl group with an α-cyclopropyl group. MDMA has been found in animal studies and reported in unauthorised human self-experiments to be effective in the short-term relief of side-effects of Parkinson's disease therapy, most notably levodopa-induced dyskinesia. However the illegal status of MDMA and concerns about its potential for recreational use, neurotoxicity and potentially dangerous side effects mean that it is unlikely to be investigated for medical use in this application, and so alternative analogues were investigated. Replacing the α-methyl with a cyclopropyl dramatically reduces affinity for the noradrenaline transporter and 5-HT2A receptor, while retaining high serotonin transporter affinity and markedly in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychoactive Drug
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, psychoactive substance, or psychotropic substance is a chemical substance that alters psychological functioning by modulating central nervous system activity. Psychoactive and psychotropic drugs both affect the brain, with psychotropics sometimes referring to psychiatric drugs or high-abuse substances, while “drug” can have negative connotations. Designer drug, Novel psychoactive substances are designer drugs made to mimic illegal ones and bypass laws. Psychoactive drug use dates back to prehistory for medicinal and consciousness-altering purposes, with evidence of widespread cultural use. Many animals intentionally consume psychoactive substances, and some traditional legends suggest animals first introduced humans to their use. Psychoactive substances are used across cultures for purposes ranging from medicinal and therapeutic treatment of Mental disorder, mental disorders and pain, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Therapeutic Effect
Therapeutic effect refers to the response(s) after a treatment of any kind, the results of which are judged to be useful or favorable. This is true whether the result was expected, unexpected, or even an unintended consequence. An adverse effect (including nocebo) is the converse and refers to harmful or undesired response(s). What constitutes a therapeutic effect versus a side effect is a matter of both the nature of the situation and the goals of treatment. No inherent difference separates therapeutic and undesired side effects; both responses are behavioral/ physiologic changes that occur as a response to the treatment strategy or agent. Treatment scope To maximize therapeutic effects (desired) and minimize side effects (undesired) requires recognition and quantification of the treatment in multiple dimensions. In the specific case of targeted pharmaceutical interventions, a combination of therapies is often needed to achieve the desired results. Pharmacology examples * A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylenedioxyphenylpropylaminopentane
1-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propylaminopentane (MPAP), also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α,''N''-dipropylphenethylamine, ''N''-propyl-1,3-benzodioxolylpentanamine (PDBP), or propyl-K, is a monoaminergic activity enhancer (MAE) of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and α-propylphenethylamine families that is closely related to phenylpropylaminopentane (PPAP). It is an analogue of PPAP and benzofuranylpropylaminopentane (BPAP) with a benzodioxole ring instead of a phenyl or benzofuran ring, respectively. MAEs are agents that enhance the action potential-mediated release of monoamine neurotransmitters. MPAP is a MAE of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, all with similar potency. This is similar to BPAP, but is in contrast to PPAP and selegiline, which act exclusively as catecholaminergic activity enhancers (CAEs) and do not enhance serotonin. Like PPAP and BPAP, but in contrast to amphetamines, MPAP has no classical monoamine releasing agent actions. MPAP has compar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine
MBDB, also known as ''N''-methyl-1,3-benzodioxolylbutanamine or as 3,4-methylenedioxy-''N''-methyl-α-ethylphenylethylamine, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and phenylisobutylamine families related to MDMA. It is known by the street names "Eden" and "Methyl-J". History and effects MBDB was first synthesized by pharmacologist and medicinal chemist David E. Nichols and later tested by Alexander Shulgin and described in his book, '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story''. MBDB's dosage, according to ''PiHKAL'', is 180 to 210mg; the proper dosage relative to body mass seems unknown. Its duration is 4 to 6hours, with noticeable after-effects lasting for 1 to 3hours. MBDB was initially developed as a non- psychedelic entactogen. It has lower effects on the dopamine system in comparison to other entactogens such as MDMA. MBDB causes many mild, MDMA-like effects, in particular the lowering of social barriers and inhibitions, pronounced sense of empathy and compassion, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethylbenzodioxolylpentanamine
''N''-Ethyl-1,3-benzodioxolylpentanamine (EBDP; Ethyl-K; 3,4-methylenedioxy-''N''-ethyl-α-propylphenethylamine) is a psychoactive drug and member of the phenethylamine chemical class which acts as an entactogen, psychedelic, and stimulant. It is the ''N''- ethyl analog of 1,3-benzodioxolylpentanamine (BDP; K). Ethyl-K was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book ''PiHKAL'' ("Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved"), the minimum dosage is listed as 40 mg and the duration is unknown. Very little is known about the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, effects, and toxicity of Ethyl-K. Legality United Kingdom This substance is a Class A drug in the Drugs controlled by the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. See also * Methylbenzodioxolylpentanamine (MBDP; Methyl-K) * Ethylbenzodioxolylbutanamine (EBDB; Ethyl-J) * Ephylone (βk-Ethyl-K) * Methylenedioxyphenylpropylaminopentane 1-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propylaminopentane (MPAP), also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α,' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentylone
Pentylone is a stimulant developed in the 1960s. It is a substituted cathinone that has been identified in some samples of powders sold as "NRG-1", along with varying blends of other cathinone derivatives including flephedrone, MDPBP, MDPV, and 4-MePPP. It was also found in combination with 4-MePPP being sold as "NRG-3". Reports indicate side effects include paranoia, agitation, and insomnia, with effects lasting for several days at high doses. Pharmacology Pentylone acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) and a serotonin releasing agent. Legality Pentylone is banned in Canada, Germany, Sweden, the United States, and the United Kingdom. See also * α-PVP * Dipentylone * Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) * Methyl-K * N-Ethylpentylone * Pentedrone * Methylenedioxyphenylpropylaminopentane 1-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propylaminopentane (MPAP), also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α,''N''-dipropylphenethylamine, ''N''-propyl-1,3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drugs Controlled By The UK Misuse Of Drugs Act
The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (c. 38) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It represents action in line with treaty commitments under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. Offences under the act include: * Possession of a controlled drug unlawfully * Possession of a controlled drug with intent to supply it * Supplying or offering to supply a controlled drug (even where no charge is made for the drug) * Allowing premises you occupy or manage to be used unlawfully for the purpose of producing or supplying controlled drugs The act establishes the Home Secretary as the principal authority in a drug licensing system. Therefore, for example, various opiates are available legally as prescription-only medicines, and cannabis (hemp) may be grown under licence for 'industrial purposes'. The ( SI 2001/3998), created under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacteria, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (biology), cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poison#Poisoning, poisoning in everyday usage. A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are Dose (biochemistry), dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints. Etymology In Ancient G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function. If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered pharmaceuticals. The field encompasses drug composition and properties, functions, sources, synthesis and drug design, molecular and cellular mechanisms, organ/systems mechanisms, signal transduction/cellular communication, molecular diagnostics, interactions, chemical biology, therapy, and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities. The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems, and pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug. In broad terms, pharmacod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
