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Șomcuta Mare
Șomcuta Mare (; ) is a town in Maramureș County, Romania. The town administers seven villages: Buciumi (''Törökfalu''), Buteasa (''Bucsonfalva''), Ciolt (''Csolt''), Codru Butesii (''Kodrulytelep''), Finteușu Mare (''Nagyfentős''), Hovrila (''Hávord''), and Vălenii Șomcutei (''Somkútpataka''). It was declared a town in 2004. History The exact founding date of Șomcuta Mare is unknown; however, it is first mentioned in 1319 as part of ''Cetatea de piatră'' (Stone Fortress) realm. In the 14th century, the locality, along with the Chioar Domain enters the possession of Romanian voivodes (rulers) of the Voivodeship of Maramureș. As of 1566, the Chioar Domain is divided in 12 voivodeships, of which those led by voivode Dan Butean are administered from Șomcuta Mare, covering 14 villages. In the year of 1599 Șomcuta Mare along with the remaining Chioar Domain is transferred to the rule of Mihai Viteazul. In 1713 ''Cetatea de piatră'' is destroyed. Later, in 1738, the Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maramureș County
Maramureș County () is a county (județ) in Romania, in the Maramureș region. The county seat is Baia Mare. Name In Hungarian language, Hungarian it is known as ''Máramaros megye'', in Ukrainian language, Ukrainian as Мараморо́щина, in German language, German as ''Kreis Marmarosch'', and in Yiddish as מאַרמאַראָש. Geography Maramureș County is situated in the northern part of Romania, in the Historical regions of Romania, historical region of Transylvania, and has a border with Ukraine. This county has a total area of , of which 43% is covered by the Rodna Mountains, with its tallest peak, , at altitude. Together with the Gutin Mountains, Gutâi and Țibleș Mountains, Țibleș mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the Eastern Carpathians. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by Tisza, Tisa River and its main tributaries: the Iza (river), Iza, Vișeu, and Mara (Iza), Mara rivers. Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berchezoaia
The Berchezoaia is a right tributary of the river Bârsău in Romania. It flows into the Bârsău between Șomcuta Mare Șomcuta Mare (; ) is a town in Maramureș County, Romania. The town administers seven villages: Buciumi (''Törökfalu''), Buteasa (''Bucsonfalva''), Ciolt (''Csolt''), Codru Butesii (''Kodrulytelep''), Finteușu Mare (''Nagyfentős''), Hovrila ( ... and Finteușu Mare. Its length is and its basin size is . References Rivers of Romania Rivers of Maramureș County {{Maramureș-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascist Italy (1922–1943)
Fascist Italy () is a term which is used in historiography to describe the Kingdom of Italy between 1922 and 1943, when Benito Mussolini and the National Fascist Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship. The Italian Fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed political opposition, while simultaneously promoting Modernization theory, economic modernization, traditional social values and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church. According to historian Stanley G. Payne, "[the] Fascist government passed through several relatively distinct phases". The first phase (1922–1925) was nominally a continuation of the parliamentary system, albeit with a "legally-organized executive dictatorship". In foreign policy, Mussolini ordered the pacification of Libya against rebels in the Italian colonies of Italian Tripolitania, Tripolitania and Italian Cyrenaica, Cyrenaica (eventually unified in Italian Libya), inflicted the Corfu incident, bombing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalitarianism, totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies of World War II, Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, End of World War II in Europe, ending World War II in Europe. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate political opposition and consolidate power. A 1934 German referendum confirmed Hitler as sole ''Führer'' (leader). Power was centralised in Hitler's person, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Vienna Award
The Second Vienna Award was the second of two territorial disputes that were arbitrated by Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. On 30 August 1940, they assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania, including all of Maramureș and part of Crișana, from the Kingdom of Romania to the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46), Kingdom of Hungary. Background After World War I, the multiethnic Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Kingdom of Hungary was divided by the 1920 Treaty of Trianon to form several new nation states, but Hungary noted that the new state borders did not follow ethnic boundaries. The new nation state of Hungary was about a third the size of prewar Hungary, and millions of ethnic Hungarians were left outside the new Hungarian borders. Many historically-important areas of Hungary were assigned to other countries, and the distribution of natural resources was uneven. The various non-Hungarian populations generally saw the treaty as justice for their historically-margina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dac-am Plecat, Ardealule, Din Tine
"Dac-am plecat, Ardealule, din tine" () is a Romanian patriotic song. It is also simply known as "Ardealul" (). It appeared after the cession of Northern Transylvania to Hungary in 1940. At the time, Romania was also forced to give up Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region to the Soviet Union, as well as Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria. The Second Vienna Award of 30 August, which caused the loss of Northern Transylvania, caused great consternation among the Romanian public. Its author is unknown, although it is thought to have been a contemporary soldier. It is recorded that demobilized soldiers from Northern Transylvania went to Șiria and sang the first stanza of the song. Here, it quickly became popular among the inhabitants. It was also sung in 1944 during the Budapest Offensive when Romanian troops attacked Hungary to recover the region. Nowadays, it can be found in the repertoire of the Romanian Army Choir or the male choir of the village of Finteușu Mare. From t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maramureș
( ; ; ; ) is a geographical, historical and cultural region in northern Romania and western Ukraine. It is situated in the northeastern Carpathians, along parts of the upper Tisza River drainage basin; it covers the Maramureș Depression and the surrounding Carpathian mountains. Alternatively, the term ''Maramureș'' is also used for the Maramureș County of Romania, which contains the southern section of the historical region. Name in other languages Alternative names for Maramureș include (''Marmaroshchyna''), (''Maramoroš''), (''Marmarosh''), , and . In Yiddish it is מאַרמאַראָש. Geography Maramureș is a valley enclosed by the Oaș, Gutâi, Țibleș and Rodnei mountains (the northern section of the Inner Eastern Carpathians) to the west and south, the Maramureș Mountains and the central section of the Outer Eastern Carpathians to the east and north. The valley is drained through a narrow opening, the Khust Gate, at Khust. Several dozen small mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Transylvania With Romania
The union of Transylvania with Romania was declared on by the assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia. The Great Union Day (also called ''Unification Day''), celebrated on 1 December, is a Public holidays in Romania, national holiday in Romania that celebrates this event. The holiday was established after the Romanian Revolution, and celebrates the unification not only of Transylvania, but also of Bessarabia and Bukovina and parts of Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the Kingdom of Romania, Romanian Kingdom. Bessarabia and Bukovina had joined with the Kingdom of Romania earlier in 1918. Causes and leading events *August 17, 1916: Romania signed a Treaty of Bucharest, 1916, secret treaty with the Allies of World War I, Entente Powers (United Kingdom, France, Italy and Imperial Russia, Russia), according to which Transylvania, Banat, and Partium would become part of Romania after World War I if the country entered the war. The planned border follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Union Day
Great Union Day (; also called Unification Day or National Day) is a Romanian national holiday celebrated on 1 December to mark the 1918 Great Union (the unification of Transylvania, Bassarabia, and Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania). The holiday was declared after the Romanian revolution and commemorates the Great National Assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia, who declared the Union of Transylvania with Romania. Until the abolition of the Romanian monarchy in 1947, Great Union Day was observed on 10 May, which had a double meaning as it was the date on which the future King Carol I first set foot on Romanian soil in 1866 and on which he later ratified Romania's Declaration of Independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. During the country's era as the Socialist Republic of Romania from 1947 to 1989, the holiday was observed on 23 August ( Liberation from Fascist Occupation Day) to mark the 1944 overthrow of Ion Antonescu's fascist government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2011 Romania Census
The 2011 Romanian census was a census held in Romania between 20 and 31 October 2011. It was performed by some 120,000 census takers in around 101,000 statistic sectors throughout the country established by the National Institute of Statistics (INS) of Romania. Preparations started already in 2009, and it was announced that the process would not end until 2014. Anyone who did not answer questions in the census questionnaire would be fined between 1,500 and 4,500 Romanian lei, although 4 of the 100 questions related to the respondent's ethnicity, mother language, religion, and possible disabilities were not mandatory. Preliminary results were released once on 2 February 2012 and again on 20 August 2012. The final definitive result of the census came out on 4 July 2013, showing that, among other things, Romania had lost 1,559,300 people since the 2002 census, consequently having 20,121,641 inhabitants. Some people like sociologist Vasile Ghețău, director of the Center of Demogr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institute Of Statistics (Romania)
The National Institute of Statistics (, INS) is a Romanian government agency which is responsible for collecting national statistics, in fields such as geography, the economy, demographics and society. The institute is also responsible for conducting Romania's census every ten years, with the latest census being organised in 2022. Leadership The head of the NIS is currently Tudorel Andrei, while the three vice-presidents are: * Ioan-Silviu VÎRVA, in charge of economic and social statistics * Marian Chivu, in charge of national accounts and the dissemination of statistical information * Beatrix Gered, in charge of IT activities and statistical infrastructure History Romania's first official statistics body was the Central Office for Administrative Statistics (''Oficiul Central de Statistică Administrativă''), established on July 12, 1859, under the reign of Alexandru Ioan Cuza. The organisation, one of the first national statistics organisations in Europe, conducted its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romani People In Romania
Romani people in Romania, locally and pejoratively referred to as the (), constitute the second largest ethnic minority in the country (the first being Hungarians). According to the 2021 census, their number was 569,477 people and 3.4% of the total population. The size of the total population of people with Romani ancestry in Romania is even more, with different estimates varying from 4.6 percent to over 10 percent of the population, because many people of Romani descent do not declare themselves Roma. For example, in 2007 the Council of Europe estimated that approximately 1.85 million Roma lived in Romania, based on an average between the lowest estimate (1.2 to 2.2 million people) and the highest estimate (1.8 to 2.5 million people) available at the time. This figure is equivalent to 8.32% of the population. On the other hand, less than half are native speakers of the Romani language. Origins History, genetics and linguistics all indicate the Roma originate from northern Indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
