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ǁKhauxaǃnas
ǁKhauxaǃnas (Khoekhoegowab: ''passively defend people from an enemy'', Afrikaans / Dutch language, Dutch name Schans Vlakte: ''fortified valley'') is an uninhabited village with a ruined fortress in south-eastern Namibia, east of the Great Karas Mountains. It is the oldest systematically designed and built structure in Namibia, pre-dating all buildings erected by Europeans. Built at the end of the 18th century, most likely between 1796 and 1798 by Klaas Afrikaner and his two sons Jager Afrikaner, Jager and Titus, ǁKhauxaǃnas served as a hidden retreat and a fortress to fend off possible pursuits by Cape authorities. The Oorlam, Orlam Afrikaner tribe left the place in the 1820s but it continued to be inhabited by the Veldschoendragers (ǁHawoben) tribe until the mid-19th century. Location and site description ǁKhauxaǃnas is situated in the eastern part of the ǁKaras Region in southern Namibia, south-east of Keetmanshoop. It lies on the banks of Bak River, off the district ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warmbad, Namibia
Warmbad (Afrikaans and German language, German for ''Warm Bath'', Khoekhoe language, Nama: , Aixa-aibes) is a settlement located in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia. It is situated south of Karasburg at the Homs River, close to the border with South Africa, and belongs to the Karasburg Constituency, Karasburg electoral constituency. First occupied by traders, hunters, and missionaries of different congregations, the hot springs from which the settlement's name is derived were first exploited at the beginning of the 20th century and are now being developed into a tourist attraction. , uranium was discovered in the area. Climatically, Warmbad lies between the coastal desert and the Karoo. Winter frost occurs and very little rainfall (annual average: ). The mean medial temperature lies between 12 and 15 degrees. History Pre-colonial period Warmbad was first named in 1760 by Reconnaissance, scout Jacobus Coetzee, the first documented European to cross the Orange River, Oranj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Morenga
Jacob Morenga, also Jakob, Jacobus, Marengo, and Marenga, known as the "black Napoleon", (1875 – 20 September 1907) was an important figure in Namibia, then the German colony of German South West Africa. He was chief leader in the insurrection against the German Empire which took place between 1904 and 1908, and was best known for forging an alliance between the rival Herero and Nama tribes. Life Jacob Morenga was born to a Herero mother and Nama father. He was likely educated by Christian missionaries, and during his early adulthood, he worked at a copper mine and a Catholic mission in the vicinity of Springbok. Morenga first became politically active through his association with Willem Christian, a leader of the Bondelswarts people. After Christian's son and successor, Jan Abraham Christian, was killed by German troops, the Bondelswarts launched a brief uprising in October 1903. Morenga served as one of the primary commanders of this uprising, which established his early re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bethanie, Namibia
Bethanie (often in German: ''Bethanien'', and in English: ''Bethany'', previously Klipfontein, Khoekhoegowab: ǀUiǂgandes) is a village in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia. It is one of the oldest settlements in the country. Bethanie had 2,372 inhabitants in 2023. Geography Bethanie is situated on the C14 road between Goageb and Walvis Bay, west of Keetmanshoop. History The area around Bethanie originally belonged to the Red Nation. At the beginning of the 18th century, the ǃAman ( Bethanie Orlam), a subtribe of the Orlam people, obtained settlement rights and settled here. As missionaries started travelling north from the Cape Colony in the early 19th century, they established mission stations on their way. The London Missionary Society founded the town, but, because of a shortage of missionaries and presumably because of the cooperation between the London and Rhenish Missionary Society at the time, they instead sent a German missionary. Reverend Heinrich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windhoek
Windhoek (; ; ) is the capital and largest city of Namibia. It is located in central Namibia in the Khomas Highland plateau area, at around above sea level, almost exactly at the country's geographical centre. The population of Windhoek, which was 486,169 in 2023, is constantly growing due to a continued migration from other regions in Namibia. Windhoek is the social, economic, political, and cultural centre of the country. Nearly every Namibian national enterprise, governmental body, educational and cultural institution is headquartered there. The city developed at the site of a permanent hot spring known to the local pastoral tribes. It developed rapidly after Jonker Afrikaner, Tribal chief, Captain of the Orlam, settled there in 1840 and built a stone church for his community. In the decades following, multiple wars and armed hostilities resulted in the neglect and destruction of the new settlement. Windhoek was founded a second time in 1890 by Imperial German Army Major Cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Karas Mountains
The Great Karas Mountains (Afrikaans: ''Groot Karasberge'') are located in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia, the driest part of the country. Mt. Schroffenstein, at 2206 meters is the highest peak in the range. The peak lies about ten kilometers east of the national road B1 between Keetmanshoop and Grünau. ǁKhauxaǃnas ǁKhauxaǃnas (Khoekhoegowab: ''passively defend people from an enemy'', Afrikaans / Dutch language, Dutch name Schans Vlakte: ''fortified valley'') is an uninhabited village with a ruined fortress in south-eastern Namibia, east of the Great Kar ..., an uninhabited village with a ruined fortress dating to the 18th century, is located to the east of the mountains. References Mountain ranges of Namibia Geography of ǁKaras Region {{Namibia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oorlam
The Oorlam or Orlam people (also known as Orlaam, Oorlammers, Oerlams, or Orlamse Hottentots) are a subtribe of the Nama people, largely assimilated after their migration from the Cape Colony (today, part of South Africa) to Namaqualand and Damaraland (now in Namibia). Oorlam clans were originally formed from mixed-race descendants of indigenous Khoikhoi, Europeans and slaves from Mozambique, Madagascar, India and Indonesia. Similar to the other Afrikaans-speaking group at the time, the Trekboers, Oorlam originally populated the frontiers of the infant Cape Colony, later living as semi-nomadic commandos of mounted gunmen. Also, like the Boers, they migrated inland from the Cape, and established several states in what are now South Africa and Namibia. The Oorlam migration in South Africa also produced the related Griqua people. History Beginning in the late 18th century, Oorlam communities migrated from the Cape Colony north to Namaqualand. They settled places earli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jager Afrikaner
Jager Afrikaner ( Nama name: ǀHomǀaramab, baptized Christian Afrikaner (?) at ''Roode Zand'' near Tulbagh, South Africa – 18 August 1823 at Blydeverwacht, South-West Africa) was the third Captain of the Orlam people in South West Africa, succeeding his father Klaas Afrikaner at around 1800. Before converting to Christianity through the missionary efforts of Robert Moffat, Afrikaner and his followers were considered notorious bandits. Ross, 1998, pp. 464-465 He was one of the founders of Namibia's first systematic settlement in an engineering sense, ǁKhauxaǃnas. After his death in 1823 his son Jonker Afrikaner succeeded him as Captain of the Afrikaner Orlams. Biography Jager Afrikaner was born around 1769 in a region of Southern Africa, now part of the modern Republic of Namibia. He was the son of Klaas Afrikaner, and a member of the Orlam ethnic group. Klaas and his sons would join farmer Petrus Pienaar on cattle rustling trips to the interior of the country. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klaas Afrikaner
Klaas Afrikaner ( Nama name: ǃGaruhamab, born before 1760, died after 1800) was the second Captain of the Orlam Afrikaners, first in the Cape Colony, then in South-West Africa. Klaas became leader of his tribe after his father Oude Ram died in Cape Town at around 1760. Under his leadership the Afrikaner Clan left the Cape in the 1770s and moved northwards into the area that is today southern Namibia. This happened at first with the consent, possibly even under the order, of the South African Cape Government. Later he is credited as one of the founders of Namibia's first systematic settlement in an engineering sense, ǁKhauxaǃnas. This settlement was built as a hidden retreat and a fortress to fend off possible pursuits by the Cape authorities, indicating that by then he had lost whatever mandate he might have had to execute military actions in South-West Africa. At around 1800 he handed over the chieftainship to his son Jager Afrikaner Jager Afrikaner ( Nama name: ǀHomǀar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methodism
Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a Protestant Christianity, Christian Christian tradition, tradition whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother Charles Wesley were also significant early leaders in the movement. They were named ''Methodists'' for "the methodical way in which they carried out their Christian faith". Methodism originated as a Christian revival, revival movement within Anglicanism with roots in the Church of England in the 18th century and became a separate denomination after Wesley's death. The movement spread throughout the British Empire, the United States and beyond because of vigorous Christian mission, missionary work, and today has about 80 million adherents worldwide. Most List of Methodist denominations, Methodist denominations are members of the World Methodist Council. Wesleyan theology, which is upheld by the Methodist denominations, focuses on Sanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhenish Missionary Society
The Rhenish Missionary Society (''Rhenish'' of the river Rhine; , ''RMG'') was one of the largest Protestant missionary society, missionary societies in Germany. Formed from smaller missions founded as far back as 1799, the Society was amalgamated on 23 September 1828, and its first missionary, missionaries were ordination, ordained and sent off to South Africa by the end of the year. The London Missionary Society was already active in the area, and a closer working relationship was formed with them. The Society established its first mission (station), mission station in the Cederberg in 1829, named Wupperthal, Western Cape, Wupperthal, and predated the naming of the Wuppertal, German city by 100 years. Very soon, the missionaries started migrating north through the barren and inhospitable south-western Africa. Here they encountered various local tribes such as the Herero people, Herero, Nama people, Nama and Damara people, Damara, and were frequently in the middle of wars betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( ; VOC ), commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered company, chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world. Established on 20 March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating Voorcompagnie, existing companies, it was granted a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be purchased by any citizen of the Dutch Republic and subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). The company possessed quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike Coinage of the Dutch East India Company, its own coins, and establish colonies. Also, because it traded across multiple colonies and countries from both the East and the West, the VOC is sometimes considered to have been the world's first multinational corporation. St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
