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Ōtara Hill
Ōtara Hill (also Te Puke o Tara or Smales Mount) is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field. Its scoria cone reached 89 m above sea level (around 59 m higher than the surrounding land) before it was quarried away. The hill was the site of a pā named "Te Puke Ō Tara" meaning 'hill belonging to Tara', who was a Ngāi Tai Rangatira (or Māori Chief) of the area. Like many Auckland volcanoes, Ōtara Hill has a notable tuff ring Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the products of phreatomagmatic eruptions cont .... It is located between Green Hill and Hampton Park. Green Hill and Ōtara Hill were together referred to as Bessy Bell and Mary Gray after an old Scottish ballad. References *''City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland'' - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. Fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smales Mountain (Otara), East Tamaki, Manukau City, Auckland Region (cropped) (born 1939), English rugby league football player
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Smales is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include: * Alastair Smales (born 1962), Australian swimmer * Daniel Smales (born 1990), English actor * Ian Smales (born 1968), English rugby league football player * John Smales (1888–1930), English rugby league football player * Kenneth Smales (1927–2015), English cricket player * Thomas Smales (1934–2017), English rugby league football player * Tommy Smales Thomas Smales (born 19 December 1938) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s, and coached in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at club level for Wigan, Barrow and Featherstone Rovers as a , an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auckland Volcanic Field
The Auckland volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes covered by much of the metropolitan area of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, located in the North Island. The approximately 53 volcanoes in the field have produced a diverse array of maars (explosion craters), tuff rings, scoria cones, and lava flows. With the exception of Rangitoto, no volcano has erupted more than once, but the other eruptions lasted for various periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. Rangitoto erupted several times and recently twice; in an eruption that occurred about 600 years ago, followed by a second eruption approximately 50 years later. The field is fuelled entirely by basaltic magma, unlike the explosive subduction-driven volcanism in the central North Island, such as at Mount Ruapehu and Lake Taupō. Features The field ranges from Lake Pupuke and Rangitoto Island in the north to Matukutururu (Wiri Mountain) in the south, and from Mount Albert in the west to Pig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pa (Māori)
Pa, pa, PA, P.A. or pA may refer to: Arts, media and entertainment * Parental Advisory, abbreviated PAL or PA, a warning label placed on audio recordings *P.A. (group), a southern hip hop band in Atlanta, Georgia, United States *''Penny Arcade'', a webcomic *'' Planetary Annihilation'', a 2014 video game * "Pa" (song), by Tini *Live PA Businesses and organisations Government, military, and politics * Palestinian National Authority, also called Palestinian Authority, interim governing body of the Gaza Strip and part of the West Bank * Pakistan Army * Patriotic Alliance, a South African political party * Patriotic Alternative, a British nationalist group * People's Association (Singapore), a Singaporean grassroots statutory board * Philippine Army * Patrulla Águila * Planning Authority (Malta), a government agency of Malta * Progressive Alliance, a political international of social-democratic, socialist and progressive political parties and organisations Airlines * Pan Ame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tara Te Irirangi
Tara Te Irirangi (1780s–1852) also known as Te Tara ki Moehau or Ōtara Te Irirangi, was paramount chief of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki or Ngāti Tai, a Māori tribe of the eastern Auckland region of New Zealand , encompassing parts of the Hauraki Gulf and Wairoa River (Auckland), Wairoa Valley, as well as Ōtara, Clevedon, Maraetai and Howick. Te Irirangi was the great-grandson of Te Wana, a leading rangatira and well-known warrior of Ngāi Tai, who, during his life, strengthened Ngāi Tai control over the Maraetai-Wairoa area. Tara Te Irirangi died in 1852, after falling ill, his daughter Ngeungeu having been kidnapped by Nga Puhi who sided with the crown to arrange a marriage to a Scotsman losing her Mother tongue as arranged by the crown, extradited her from her father, he passed away at the mouth of the Wairoa River. He was interred in his waka in the Ngāi Tai burial swamps within the west bank of the river. Early leadership Prior to his time as ariki (paramount chief), Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangatira
In Māori culture, () are tribal chiefs, the leaders (often hereditary) of a (subtribe or clan). Ideally, were people of great practical wisdom who held authority () on behalf of the tribe and maintained boundaries between a tribe's land () and that of other tribes. Changes to land-ownership laws in the 19th century, particularly the individualisation of land title, undermined the power of rangatira, as did the widespread loss of land under the Euro-settler-oriented government of the Colony of New Zealand from 1841 onwards. The concepts of and (chieftainship), however, remain strong, and a return to and the uplifting of Māori by the system has been widely advocated for since the Māori renaissance began . Moana Jackson, Ranginui Walker and Tipene O'Regan figure among the most notable of these advocates. The concept of a is central to —a Māori system of governance, self-determination and sovereignty. Etymology The word means "chief (male or female), wellbor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori People
Māori () are the Indigenous peoples of Oceania, indigenous Polynesians, Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand. Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of Māori migration canoes, canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350. Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed Māori culture, a distinct culture, whose language, mythology, crafts, and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. Some early Māori moved to the Chatham Islands, where their descendants became New Zealand's other indigenous Polynesian ethnic group, the Moriori. Early contact between Māori and Europeans, starting in the 18th century, ranged from beneficial trade to lethal violence; Māori actively adopted many technologies from the newcomers. With the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, Treaty of Waitangi/Te Tiriti o Waitangi in 1840, the two cultures coexisted for a generation. Rising ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phreatomagmatic Eruption
Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the products of phreatomagmatic eruptions contain juvenile (magmatic) clasts.Heiken, G. & Wohletz, K. 1985. Volcanic Ash. University of California Press, Berkeley It is common for a large explosive eruption to have magmatic and phreatomagmatic components. Mechanisms Several competing theories exist as to the exact mechanism of ash formation. The most common is the theory of explosive thermal contraction of particles under rapid cooling from contact with water. In many cases the water is supplied by the sea, such as in the Surtsey eruption. In other cases the water may be present in a lake or caldera-lake, as at Santorini, where the phreatomagmatic component of the Minoan eruption was a result of both a lake and later the sea. There have also been examples of interaction between mag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Hill, New Zealand
Green Hill (also known as Mātanginui or Greenmount) is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field, located in the suburb of East Tāmaki. It erupted approximately 20,000 years ago, and its scoria cone had a peak 78 metres above sea level (around 48 m higher than the surrounding land) and had a grove of karaka trees. The hill was the site of a Ngāi Tai iwi pā. History Green Hill, known as , was a traditional settlement for Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, the name either being translated as "The Pā Taken with Much Crying" or "Big Breeze". The site was visited by early ancestor Toi-te-huatahi, where he planted a grove of karaka trees. By the 16th century, the surrounding area became extensive stonefield gardens due to its productive volcanic soil, and a defensive pā was constructed at the peak of the hill. Mātanginui was occupied by Ngāi Tai until the early 19th century. Green Hill and the surround areas area was farmed by the Styak family. The name recalls Mrs Styak's ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hampton Park, New Zealand
Hampton Park is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field. A small scoria cone reaching above sea level, with a shallow crater around wide, which has been modified by quarrying."Volcanoes of Auckland: The essential guide." - Bruce Hayward, Graeme Murdoch, Gordon Maitland; Auckland University Press, 2011. The scoria cone sits in the centre of a much larger explosion crater, the eastern arc of the surrounding tuff ring is still present. Stone In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its Chemical compound, chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks ... from the volcano was used to build dry-stone walls and the nearby St John's Church built on the tuff ring crest. References *''City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland'' - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. First published 1964. . *"Volcanoes of Auc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bessy Bell And Mary Gray
Bessy Bell and Mary Gray (Roud 237, Child 201) is an English-language folk song. The two titular characters sought refuge from the plague in 1645 in a remote spot away from habitation. The story has been much embellished in a poem and ballad that were written many years later. According to the ballad, Bessy and Mary were daughters of two Perthshire gentlemen, who in 1666 built themselves a bower to avoid catching a devastating plague. The girls were supplied with food by a lad in love with both of them; the lad caught the plague and gave it to them, and all three sickened and died. The supposed site of Bessie Bell and Mary Gray's bower, and of their grave, is recorded in a c.1860 Ordnance Survey name book, with the following comments: :This grave is situated on the north side of the Almond, and about half a mile West of Lynedoch house. Bessie Bell, according to the common tradition, was daughter to the Laird of Kinvaid, and Mary Gray, of the Laird of Lynedoch. Mutually atta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howick Local Board Area
Howick may refer to: Places *Howick, KwaZulu-Natal, in South Africa **Howick Falls * Howick, Lancashire, a small hamlet (Howick Cross) and former civil parish in England *Howick, New Zealand ** Howick Historical Village ** Howick (New Zealand electorate), a former parliamentary electorate, 1993–1996 ** Howick ward, electoral district of Auckland Council *Howick, Northumberland, a village in England **Howick Hall, a stately home ** Howick house, a Mesolithic site * Howick, Ontario, Canada *Howick, Quebec, Canada * Howick, Western Australia, in the Shire of Esperance, Australia *Howick Group National Park * Howick Island, Australia People *Baron Howick of Glendale *Baron Grey of Howick and Viscount Howick (in Northumberland), subsidiary titles of Earl Grey *Jeremy Howick Other uses * USS ''Howick Hall'' (ID-1303), a United States Navy ship See also * Hawick Hawick ( ; ; ) is a town in the Scottish Borders council areas of Scotland, council area and counties of Scotland, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
