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İsmet İnönü
Mustafa İsmet İnönü (24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish politician and military officer who served as the second List of Presidents of Turkey, president of Turkey from 1938 to 1950, and as its Prime Minister of Turkey, prime minister three times: from 1923 to 1924, 1925 to 1937, and 1961 to 1965. İnönü is acknowledged by many as Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's right-hand man, with their friendship going back to the Caucasus campaign. In the Turkish War of Independence, Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, he served as the first Chief of the Turkish General Staff, chief of the General Staff from 1922 to 1924 for the Turkish Land Forces, regular Turkish army, during which he commanded forces during the First Battle of İnönü, First and Second Battle of İnönü, Second Battles of İnönü, Eskişehir, İnönü. Atatürk bestowed İsmet with the surname İnönü, the site of the battles, when the 1934 Surname Law was adopted. He was also chief negotiator in the Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celâl Bayar
Mahmut Celâlettin "Celâl" Bayar (16 May 1883 – 22 August 1986) was a Turkish economist and politician who was the third president of Turkey from 1950 to 1960. He previously served as the prime minister of Turkey from 1937 to 1939. Bayar began his career in the Committee of Union and Progress, establishing its Izmir and Bursa branches. Following the declaration of the Republic, he founded much of Turkey's early financial institutions, including the country's first bank, İş Bankası. An advocate of liberal economic policies, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk appointed Bayar prime minister in 1937 to liberalize the economy, until he resigned in 1939 under Atatürk's successor, İsmet İnönü. Until 1945, he was a member of Republican People's Party (CHP) which was the sole legal party. In 1946, he founded the Democrat Party along with Adnan Menderes, Fuat Köprülü and Refik Koraltan beginning Turkey's multiparty period, which still goes on to this day. A peaceful transf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1965 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey on 10 October 1965. The result was a victory for the Justice Party, which won 240 of the 450 seats. Voter turnout was 71.3%. Electoral system The national remnant electoral system was used. This was a two-tier system of party-list proportional representation, with the country divided into 66 districts. In each district, parties were awarded one seat for each Hare quota. Remaining votes and seats were pooled on the national level, where the remaining seats were distributed amongst the parties using the remaining votes using the Hare quota and largest remainder method.Nohlen ''et al''., p239 Results References {{Turkish elections General elections in Turkey Turkey Turkey General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ... Octobe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Şükrü Kaya
Şükrü Kaya (9 March 1883 – 10 January 1959) was a Turkish people, Turkish civil servant and politician, who served as government minister, Minister of Interior and List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey, Minister of Foreign affairs in several governments. He is one of the perpetrators of the Armenian genocide. Biography Born in Ä°stanköy (Kos), part of the Dodecanese in the then Ottoman Empire, he finished Galatasaray High School before he graduated from Law School in 1908. He did his graduate work in Paris, France. He worked as inspector of treasury for the Empire. At the start of World War I, Şükrü was appointed the Director of Settlement of Tribes and Migrants (''AÅŸair ve Muhacirin Genel Müdürü''), a subdivision within the Ministry of the Interior (Ottoman Empire), Interior Ministry, and mainly tasked with managing the Armenian deportations during the Armenian genocide. In September 1915, he was transferred to Aleppo, an important location alon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf Kemal
Yusuf ( ') is a male name meaning "God increases" (in piety, power and influence).From the Hebrew יהוה להוסיף ''YHWH Lhosif'' meaning "YHWH will increase/add". It is the Arabic equivalent of the Hebrew name Yosef and the English name Joseph. It is widely used in many parts of the world by Arabs of all Abrahamic religions, including Middle Eastern Jews, Arab Christians, and Muslims. It is also transliterated in many ways, including Yousef, Yousif, Youssef, Youssif, Yousuf, Yoosuf and Yusef. Given name Yousaf * Yousaf Ali Khan, British film director *Yousaf Aziz Magsi (1908–1935), Baloch leader from the present-day Balochistan province of Pakistan * Yousaf Borahil Al-Msmare (1866–1931), Libyan Muslim resistance leader fighting against Italian colonization Yossef * Yossef Karami (born 1983), Iranian Taekwondo athlete *Yossef Romano (1940–1972), Libyan-born Israeli weightlifter (also known as Joseph Romano or Yossi Romano), killed in the 1972 Munich massacre Yo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rauf Orbay
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay (27 July 1881 – 16 July 1964) was a Turkish naval officer, statesman and diplomat of Abkhaz origin. During the Italo–Turkish and Balkan Wars he was known as the Hero of '' Hamidiye'' for his exploits as captain of the eponymous cruiser. Orbay briefly served as Minister of Navy in October 1918, and signed the Armistice of Mudros on behalf of the Ottoman Empire. He played an important role in the Turkish War of Independence, during which he served as the prime minister of the Ankara government between 12 July 1922 and 4 August 1923. During the Republican period he was one of the founders of the Progressive Republican Party. He was put on trial for his involvement in an alleged assassination attempt against Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and sentenced to ten years in prison. Orbay was rehabilitated in 1939 and served as an MP for Kastamonu and then ambassador to London. Early life Hüseyin Rauf (Orbay after 1934) was born in the Cibali district of Fatih, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1935 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey on 8 February 1935.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party was the only party in the country at the time. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 Following a change in the law in 1934, women were granted the right to vote and run for election, and the age of voting was raised from 18 to 22. See also * Women in Turkish politics References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded 1935 elections in Turkey 1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Turkish General Election
Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * January 25 – Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India. * January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France. * January 30 – Charlie Chaplin comedy drama film ''City Lights'' receives its public premiere at the Los Angeles Theater with Albert Einstein as guest of honor. Contrary to the current trend in cinema, it is a silent film, but with a score by Chaplin. Critically and commercially successful from the start, it will place consistently in lists of films considered the best of all time. February * February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives a speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1927 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey in 1927.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party (" Association for the Defense of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia" until 9 September 1923) was the only party in the country at the time, as the Progressive Republican Party that had been set up in 1924 was dissolved the following year. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded 1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the BBC, Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1923 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey in 1923.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Association for Defence of National Rights (later Republican People's Party) was the only party in the country at the time. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. However, a second law was passed on 3 April 1923 lowering the voting age to 18 and abolishing the tax-paying requirement.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded General elections in Turkey General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edirne (electoral District)
Edirne is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects three members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered Political party, political parties, with each party being Apportionment (politics), allocated a certain number of seats Apportionm ... system. Members Population reviews of each electoral district are conducted before each general election, which can lead to certain districts being granted a smaller or greater number of parliamentary seats. Edirne's seats were reduced from four to three in 2011. General elections 2011 June 2015 November 2015 2018 Presidential elections 2014 References {{DEFAULTSORT:Edirne Electoral districts of Turkey Politics of Edirne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1957 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey on 27 October 1957. The electoral system used was the multiple non-transferable vote, with each electoral district electing an average of nine members. The result was a victory for the Democrat Party, which won 424 of the 610 seats. Results References {{Turkish elections Turkey Turkey General elections in Turkey General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ... October 1957 in Asia October 1957 in Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
