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İsmail Zühdi Efendi
İsmail Zühdi Efendi ( Turkish language, Modern Turkish: ''Hattat İsmail Zühdü Efendi'', also known as Yeni İsmail Zühdi; died 1806) was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman calligrapher. “Effendi, Efendi” is a title of nobility, so this name can also be rendered İsmail Zühdi. Life and career İsmail Zühdi was born in Unye on the Black Sea. His father, Mehmed Kaptan, took him to Istanbul at a young age to learn the Qur'an.Uğur Derman, M. Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Istanbul', pp. 19, 96-98 (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998). He is also known as Yeni İsmail Zühdi, or İsmail Zühdi the Second, to distinguish him from another calligrapher by the same name who lived in an earlier period. İsmail Zühdi had a much younger brother, Mustafa Râkim, who also became a calligrapher.Mülayim, Selçuk and Akşit, İlhan. ''Turkish Art and Architecture in Anatolia & Mimar Sinan'', p. 260 (Akşit, 2005). When Mustafa was still quite young ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copied By İsmail Zühdi - Kıt’a (single Piece) - Google Art Project
Copying is the duplication of information or an wiktionary:artifact, artifact based on an instance of that information or artifact, and not using the process that originally generated it. With Analog device, analog forms of information, copying is only possible to a limited degree of accuracy, which depends on the quality of the equipment used and the skill of the operator. There is some inevitable generation loss, deterioration and accumulation of "noise (signal processing), noise" (random small changes) from original to copy when copies are made. This deterioration accumulates with each generation. With digital data, digital forms of information, copying is perfect. Copy and paste is frequently used by a computer user when they select and copy an area of text or content. In art In visual art, copying the works of the masters is a standard way that students learn to paint and sculpt. Often, artists will use the term ''after'' to credit the original artist in the title of the copy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adrianople
Edirne (; ), historically known as Orestias, Adrianople, is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the Edirne Province, province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second capital city of the Ottoman Empire from the 1360s to 1453, before Constantinople became its capital. The city is a commercial centre for woven textiles, silks, carpets and agricultural products and has a growing tourism industry. It is the seat of Edirne Province and Edirne District.İl Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. Its population is 180,002 (2022). In the local elections on March 31, 2024, lawyer Filiz Gencan Akin was elected as the new mayor of the city of Edirne, succeeding Recep Gürkan, who had been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Artists From The Ottoman Empire
The 18th century lasted from 1 January 1701 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCI) to 31 December 1800 (MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the Atlantic Revolutions. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures. The Industrial Revolution began mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. The European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as part of the Age of Sail. During the century, slave trading expanded across the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, while declining in Russia and China. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Artists From The Ottoman Empire
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCI), to December 31, 1700 (MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year is a unit of time based on how long it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. In scientific use, the tropical year (approximately 365 solar days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds) and the sidereal year (about 20 minutes longer) are more exact. The modern calendar year, as reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar, approximates the tropical year by using a system of leap years. The term 'year' is also used to indicate other periods of roughly similar duration, such as the lunar year (a roughly 354-day cycle of twelve of the Moon's phasessee lunar calendar), as well as periods loosely associated with the calendar or astronomical year, such as the seasonal year, the fiscal year, the academic year, etc. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1715 Deaths
Events For dates within Great Britain and the British Empire, as well as in the Russian Empire, the "old style" Julian calendar was used in 1715, and can be converted to the "new style" Gregorian calendar (adopted in the British Empire in 1752 and in Russia in 1923) by adding 11 days. January–March * January 13 – A fire in London, described by some as the worst since the Great Fire of London (1666) almost 50 years earlier, starts on Thames Street when fireworks prematurely explode "in the house of Mr. Walker, an oil man"; more than 100 houses are consumed in the blaze, which continues over to Tower Street before it is controlled. * January 22 – Voting begins for the British House of Commons and continues for the next 46 days in different constituencies on different days. * February 11 – Tuscarora War: The Tuscarora and their allies sign a peace treaty with the Province of North Carolina, and agree to move to a reservation near Lake Mattamus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calligraphers From The Ottoman Empire
Calligraphy () is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instruments. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious, and skillful manner". In East Asia and the Muslim world, Islamic world, where written forms allow for greater flexibility, Islamic calligraphy, calligraphy is regarded as a significant art form, and the form it takes may be affected by the meaning of the text or the individual words. Modern Western calligraphy ranges from functional inscriptions and designs to fine-art pieces where the legibility of letters varies. Classical calligraphy differs from type design and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may practice both. CD-ROM Western calligraphy continues to flourish in the forms of wedding invitations and event invitations, font design and typography, original hand-lettered logo design, religious art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thuluth
''Thuluth'' (, ' or , '; , ''Sols''; Turkish: ''Sülüs'', from ' "one-third") is an Arabic script variety of Islamic calligraphy. The straight angular forms of Kufic were replaced in the new script by curved and oblique lines. In ''Thuluth'', one-third of each letter slopes, from which the name (meaning "a third" in Arabic) comes. An alternative theory to the meaning is that the smallest width of the letter is one third of its widest part. It is an elegant, cursive script, used in medieval times on mosque decorations. Various calligraphic styles evolved from ''Thuluth'' through slight changes of form. History The greatest contributions to the evolution of the ''Thuluth'' script occurred in the Ottoman Empire in three successive steps that Ottoman art historians call "calligraphical revolutions": *The first revolution occurred in the 15th century and was initiated by the master calligrapher Sheikh Hamdullah. *The second revolution resulted from the work of the Ottoman calligr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Art
Turkish art ( Turkish: Türk sanatı) refers to all works of visual art originating from the geographical area of what is present day Turkey since the arrival of the Turks in the Middle Ages. Turkey also was the home of much significant art produced by earlier cultures, including the Hittites, Ancient Greeks, and Byzantines. Ottoman art is therefore the dominant element of Turkish art before the 20th century, although the Seljuks and other earlier Turks also contributed. The 16th and 17th centuries are generally recognized as the finest period for art in the Ottoman Empire, much of it associated with the huge Imperial court. In particular the long reign of Suleiman the Magnificent from 1520 to 1566 brought a combination, rare in any ruling dynasty, of political and military success with strong encouragement of the arts. The ''nakkashane'', as the palace workshops are now generally known, were evidently very important and productive, but though there is a fair amount of survivi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ottoman Calligraphers
The following is an incomplete list of Ottoman calligraphers: 15th–16th century * Ahmed Karahisari *Sheikh Hamdullah * Kahdi Mahmud Efendi (d. 1575) * Ahmed Pasa (d. 1611) son of Kahdi Mahmud Efendi * Mustafa Ali (d. 1600) * Yûsuf Efendi (d. 1611) * Abdullah Amâsi- 16th-century calligrapher * Ahmed Şemseddin Karahisarî (d. 963/1556) * Gâbârî Adurrahman (d. 974/1566) * Rizâî Mahmud Baba Efendi (d. 987/1579) * Mustafa Dede – son of Sheikh Hamdullah (d. 945/1538) * Tâcîzâde Ca'fer Çelebi (1452–1515) poet, calligrapher and scholar 17th–18th century * Hâfiz Osman * Seyyid Kasim Gubari * Ibrahim Vahdi (d. 1714) *Ibrahim Afif (d. 1767) * Egrikapili Mehmed Rasim Efendi * İsmail Zühdi Efendi * Mehmed Esad Yesari * Mehmed Rasim (1687–1755) * Mustafa Kutahi (d. after 1785) * Musa al-'Abidi * Yesarizade Mustafa Izzet Efendi * Derviş Ali * Veliyyüddin Efendi * Mehmed Refi Efendi (d. 1769) * Abdul Rahman Hilmi (d. 1805) * Yedikuleli Seyyid 'Abdullah Efendi (d. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Calligraphy
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of penmanship and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the Arabic script#Additional letters used in other languages, alphabets derived from it. It is a highly stylized and structured form of handwriting that follows artistic conventions and is often used for List of Islamic texts, Islamic religious texts, Islamic architecture, architecture, and Islamic decoration, decoration. It includes Arabic calligraphy, Arabic, Persian calligraphy, Persian, Ottoman Turkish alphabet, Ottoman, and Urdu script, Urdu calligraphy.Chapman, Caroline (2012). ''Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture'', It is known in Arabic language, Arabic as (), literally meaning "line", "design", or "construction". The development of Islamic calligraphy is strongly tied to the Qur'an, as chapters and verses from the Qur'an are a common and almost universal text upon which Islamic calligraphy is based. Although artistic depictions of people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of The Ottoman Empire
The culture of the Ottoman Empire evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turkish peoples, Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the various native cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was influence from the customs and languages of nearby Islamic culture, Islamic societies such as Jordan, Egypt and Palestine, while Persian people, Persian culture had a significant contribution through the Great Seljuq Empire, Seljuq Turks, the Ottoman Turks, Ottomans' predecessors. Despite more recent amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire were influenced by Persian culture, language, habits, customs and cuisines.Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Rum Millet, Orthodox subjects, Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Armenians, History of the Jews in Turkey#Ottoman era, Jews and Assyrians and Syriacs in Turkey, Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
