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ﾄｫshﾄ］
ﾄｪshﾄ］ (from Persian 'they'; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ) is an honorific title given to Sufi leaders in Central Asia. According to Jianping Wang, "In the Sufi doctrine found in E stTurkestan, the ''ishan'' has a serene nature, acting as an intermediary between Muslims and Allah. An ''ishan'' has leadership over his group, and can nominate his khalifa and hafiz as well as initiating maulid and buwi into the sub-order. Usually, an ''ishan'' will have inherited his position from within his family and pass it on to his descendants." List of ﾄｫshﾄ］s * Afaq Khoja * Muhammad Ali Madali * Hazrat Ishaan See also * Shaykh Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyﾅｫkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder (administrative title), elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim ulama, scholar. Though this title generally refers to me ... References {{authority control Persian words and phrases Religious leadership roles Sufism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ali Madali
Muhammad Ali Madali (also known as Dukchi Eshon in Uzbek language or ''Iyikchi Eshen'' in Kyrgyz language, Kyrgyz) was an ﾄｫshﾄ］ of the Naqshbandi Sufi order, who led an 1898 Andijan Uprising, 1898 revolt against Russian domination, centred in the town of Andijan (in modern Uzbekistan). Madali, seeking to rid the area of the Russians and restore the formerly independent khanate of Khokand, called for "holy war", and led 2,000 men against the Tsarist Russia. However, his force was blocked outside the city on Andijan by the Russian 20th Line Battalion and defeated. Of those 2,000, 546 were put on trial, and Madali and five of his lieutenants hanged.Edward AllworthCentral Asia, 130 years of Russian dominance: a historical overview Duke University Press, 1994. , Most of the sentences people were Kyrgyz people in the Ferghana valley and mountainous areas in Chatkal, Aksy and Ketmen-Tobe in nowadays Southern Kyrgyzstan. Among them was a prominent poet-improviser and composer Toktog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afaq Khoja
Afaq Khoja (), born Hidayat Allah (; ), also known as Apaq Xoja or more properly ﾄfﾄ〈 Khwﾄ）a (), was a Naqshbandi ﾄｫshﾄ］ and political leader with the title of Khoja (Turkestan), Khwaja in Kashgaria (in present-day Southern Xinjiang, China). He was also known as Khwﾄ）a Hidﾄ【at Allﾄ” (ﾘｮﾙ畏ｧﾘｬﾙ ﾙﾘｯﾘｧﾛ鈷ｪ窶鈷ｧﾙﾙﾙ). Spelling variants In Chinese, Afaq Khoja is known as . His name is also written as (''ﾄpﾃkﾃｨ Huﾃｲjiﾄ'') or (''ﾄpﾃkﾃｨ Hﾃｩzhuﾅ'') and occasionally just (''ﾄpﾃ Huﾃｲjiﾄ''); ''Khoja'' may also appear as (Hﾃｩzhuﾅ). In the Uyghur Latin alphabet, it is written as ''Apaq Xoja'' and in Uyghur Arabic alphabet, Modern Uyghur script as . Biography Afaq Khoja was a great-grandson of the noted Naqshbandi Sufism, Sufi teacher, Ahmad Kasani (ﾘｧﾘｭﾙﾘｯ ﾚｩﾘｧﾘｳﾘｧﾙﾛ) (1461窶1542) (also known as ''Makhdﾅｫm-i`Azam'', ﾙﾘｮﾘｯﾙ異ﾙ ﾘｧﾘｹﾘｸﾙ, "the Great Master") and was revered as a Sufi teacher in his own right. Afaq was born in 1626 in Hami, Kumul, where his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian ( ), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, Fﾄ〉sﾄｫ ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible standard language, standard varieties, respectively Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari, Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964), and Tajik language, Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate society, Persianate history in the cultural sphere o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufi
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) 窶 congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661窶750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Asia
Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Persian suffix "-stan" (meaning ) in both respective native languages and most other languages. The region is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the southwest, European Russia to the northwest, China and Mongolia to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the south, and Siberia to the north. Together, the five Central Asian countries have a total population of around million. In the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras ( and earlier) Central Asia was inhabited predominantly by Iranian peoples, populated by Eastern Iranian-speaking Bactrians, Sogdians, Khwarezmian language, Chorasmians, and the semi-nomadic Scythians and Dahae. As the result of Turkic migration, Central Asia also became the homeland for the Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Volga Tatars, Tatars, Turkmens, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Turkestan
East Turkestan or East Turkistan (, : , : ), is a loosely-defined geographical region in the northwestern part of the People's Republic of China, on the cross roads of East and Central Asia. The term was coined in the 19th century by Russian Turkologists, including Nikita Bichurin, who intended the name to replace the common Western term for the region, " Chinese Turkestan", which referred to the Tarim Basin in Southern Xinjiang. Beginning in the 17th century, Altishahr, which means "Six Cities" in Uyghur, became the Uyghur name for the Tarim Basin. Uyghurs also called the Tarim Basin " Yettishar," which means "Seven Cities," and even "Sekkizshahr", which means "Eight Cities" in Uyghur. Chinese dynasties from the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty had called an overlapping area the " Western Regions". Starting in the 20th century, the Turkic Muslim Uyghur separatists and their supporters used East Turkestan as an appellation for the whole of Xinjiang (the Tarim Basin and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslims
Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God in Abrahamic religions, God of Abraham (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the last Islamic prophet. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Tawrat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injeel (Gospel). These earlier revelations are associated with Judaism and Christianity, which are regarded by Muslims as earlier versions of Islam. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices attributed to Muhammad (''sunnah'') as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith). With an estimated population of almost 2 billion followers, Muslims comprise around 26% of the world's total population. In descending order, the percentage of people who identify as Muslims on each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allah
Allah ( ; , ) is an Arabic term for God, specifically the God in Abrahamic religions, God of Abraham. Outside of the Middle East, it is principally associated with God in Islam, Islam (in which it is also considered the proper name), although the term was used in pre-Islamic Arabia and continues to be used today by Arabic-speaking adherents of any of the Abrahamic religions, including God in Judaism, Judaism and God in Christianity, Christianity. It is thought to be derived by contraction from ''Arabic definite article, al-Ilah, ilﾄ”'' (, ) and is linguistically related to God's names in other Semitic languages, such as Aramaic ( ) and Hebrew language, Hebrew ( ). The word "Allah" now conveys the superiority or sole existence of Monotheism, one God, but among the Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia#Role of Allah, pre-Islamic Arabs, Creator deity, Allah was a supreme deity and was worshipped alongside lesser deities in a Pantheon (religion), pantheon. Many Jews, Christians, and ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazrat Ishaan
Hazrat Ishaan Khawand Mahmud (1563 窶 4 November 1642) was a Sunni Muslim Wali (Sufi saint) from Bukhara, Uzbekistan and descendant of Bahauddin Naqshband, the founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi order. Biography Spiritual journey Hazat Ishaan was granted permission from his father to study in a royal college and became an accomplished scholar. At 23, Ishaan received a letter to visit his father and to accompany him in his last days. Upon his father's death, he traveled to Wakhsh, where he became Shaykh al-Islam. While staying in Wakhsh, he came to know Khwaja Hajji. They met again in Balkh, where Hajji introduced him to his future master Khwaja Ishaq Dahbidi. He met Dahbidi again in Bokhara and became his disciple. After twelve years of training, Ishaan reached the level of a Sufi Shaykh in 1598. Dahbidi welcomed him, and upon hearing his advice, Ishaan travelled towards Lahore. Instead, he arrived in Srinagar, Kashmir. In Srinagar he attracted many people who later followed hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaykh
Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyﾅｫkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder (administrative title), elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim ulama, scholar. Though this title generally refers to men, there are also a small number of female sheikhs in history. The title ''Syeikha'' or ''Sheikha'' generally refers to women. In some countries, it is given as a surname to those of great knowledge in religious affairs, by a prestigious religious leader from a silsila, chain of Sufi scholars. The word is mentioned in the Qur'an in three places: verse 72 of Hud (surah), Hud, 78 of Yusuf (surah), Yusuf, and 23 of al-Qasas. A royal family member of the United Arab Emirates and some other Arab countries, also has this title, since the ruler of each emirate is also the sheikh of their tribe. Etymology and meaning The word in Arabic stems from a Semitic root, triliteral root connected with aging: , ''shﾄｫn-yﾄ'-khﾄ. The title carries the me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Words And Phrases
Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the Indo-European family, native language of ethnic Persians *** Persian alphabet, a writing system based on the Arabic script * People and things from the historical Persian Empire Other uses * Persian (patience), a card game * Persian (roll), a pastry native to Thunder Bay, Ontario * Persian (wine) * Persian, Indonesia, on the island of Java * Persian cat, a long-haired breed of cat characterized by its round face and shortened muzzle * The Persian, a character from Gaston Leroux's ''The Phantom of the Opera'' * The Persians, an ancient Greek tragedy play written by the Athenian playwright Aeschylus in the 5th century BC * ''Persa'' (play) or ''The Persian'', comedy by the Roman playwright Plautus * Persian, a generation I Pokﾃｩmon sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
