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Đorđe Jovanović (writer)
Đorđe Jovanović (Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Serbian Cyrillic: Ђорђе Јовановић; 27 October 1909 – 23 July 1943) was a Serbian literary critic and Surrealist poet and writer during the interwar period. Along with his two high school classmates, Oskar Davičo and Đorđe Kostić, Jovanović represented the younger generation of the Yugoslav Surrealist movement. Jovanović was often referred to by his nickname Jarac (billy goat). Early life Đorđe Jovanović was born on 27 October 1909 in Belgrade. He was the son of Jovan "Kalča" and Danka Jovanović. Đorđe's father was a colonel. Đorđe Jovanović became friends with his classmate and future co-author Đorđe Kostić around 1920, when they discussed the expulsion of a mutual classmate for spreading Communism, communist literature during Filip Filipović (politician), Filip Filipović's mayoral campaign. The two initially bonded over their shared admiration for Miroslav Krleža and August Cesarec. They first be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgrade
Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. The population of the Belgrade metropolitan area is 1,685,563 according to the 2022 census. It is one of the Balkans#Urbanization, major cities of Southeast Europe and the List of cities and towns on the river Danube, third-most populous city on the river Danube. Belgrade is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe and the world. One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thracians, Thraco-Dacians inhabited the region and, after 279 BC, Celts settled the city, naming it ''Singidunum, Singidūn''. It was Roman Serbia, conquered by the Romans under the reign of Augustus and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Desnos
Robert Desnos (; 4 July 1900 – 8 June 1945) was a French poet who played a key role in the Surrealist movement. Early life Robert Desnos was born in Paris on 4 July 1900, the son of a licensed dealer in game and poultry at the '' Halles'' market. Desnos attended commercial college, and started work as a clerk. He also worked as an amanuensis for journalist Jean de Bonnefon. After that he worked as a literary columnist for the newspaper '' Paris-Soir''. Career The first poems by Desnos to appear in print were published in 1917 in ''La Tribune des Jeunes'' (Platform for Youth) and in 1919 in the avant-garde review ''Le Trait d'union'' (Hyphen), and also the same year in the Dadaist magazine '' Littérature''. In 1922 he published his first book, a collection of surrealistic aphorisms, with the title Rrose Sélavy (the name adopted as an "alternative persona" by the avant-garde French artist Marcel Duchamp; a pun on "Eros, c'est la vie"). In 1919 he met the poet Benjamin P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonnot Gang
The Bonnot Gang (''La Bande à Bonnot''), or The Tragic Bandits (''Les Bandes Tragiques''), was a French criminal anarchist group that operated in France and Belgium during the late ''Belle Époque'' from 1911 to 1912. Composed of individuals who identified with the emerging illegalist ''milieu'', the gang used new technology, such as cars and repeating rifles not then available to the police. The press originally referred to them as simply "The Auto Bandits", as they carried out the first motorized robberies and bank raids in world history. They have been called the "inventors of the motorized get-away". The group also earned the moniker ''Les bandes tragiques'' from the press due to a sense of the group's "desperate courage", who were painted as tragicomic figures for their working-class origins and espoused anarchist politics. Ultimately, the gang became known by the title of "The Bonnot Gang" after Jules Bonnot gave an interview at the office of ''Le Petit Parisien'', a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Automatism
Surrealist automatism is a method of art-making in which the artist suppresses conscious control over the making process, allowing the unconscious mind to have great sway. This drawing technique was popularized in the early 1920s, by Andre Masson and Hans Arp. Origins Automatism has taken on many forms: the automatic writing and drawing initially (and still to this day) explored by the surrealists can be compared to similar or parallel phenomena, such as the non-idiomatic improvisation. "Psychic automatism in its pure state" was how André Breton defined Surrealism, and while the definition has proved capable of expansion, automatism remains of prime importance in the movement. Early 20th-century Dadaists, such as Hans Arp, made some use of this method through chance operations. Surrealist artists, most notably André Masson, adapted to art the automatic writing method of André Breton and Philippe Soupault who composed with it '' Les Champs Magnétiques'' (The Magnetic Field ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Popović
Bogdan Popović (Serbian Cyrillic: Богдан Поповић; 20 December 1863 – 7 November 1944) was one of the most important literary critics and university professors in Serbia and later Yugoslavia and an academic. He was the brother of Pavle Popović, also a literary critic and professor and one of the most influential critics. Biography Bogdan Popović, a Serbian writer, aesthetic and literary theorist, university professor, member of the ''Serbian Royal Academy'', one of the founders of the ''Serbian Literary Herald'' and the creator of the 'Belgrade literary style,' was born in Belgrade on 20 December 1863. His work signalled the city's leadership of Serbian cultural aspirations. Popović studied literature and philosophy at both Belgrade's Grandes écoles and at the University of Paris. Returning home in 1893, he became a professor at his ''alma mater'', and twelve years later when the Grandes écoles became accredited as the University of Belgrade he continued t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milan Rakić
Milan Rakić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Ракић; 18 September 1876 – 30 June 1938) was a Serbian poet-diplomat and academic. He focused on dodecasyllable and hendecasyllable verse, which allowed him to achieve beautiful rhythm and rhyme in his poems. He was quite a perfectionist and therefore only published three collections of poems (1903, 1912, 1924). He wrote largely about death and non-existence, keeping the tone sceptical and ironic. Some of his most well-known poems are ''An Honest Song'' (Iskrena pesma), ''A Desperate Song'' (Očajna pesma), '' Jefimija'', '' Simonida'' and ''At Gazi-Mestan'' (Na Gazi-Mestanu). He was a member of the Serbian Royal Academy (1934). Biography Early life Rakić was born on 18 September 1876 in Belgrade to father Mita and mother Ana (née Milićević). His father, educated abroad, was Serbia's Minister of Finance (1888) and his mother was the daughter of Serbian writer Milan Milićević. He finished elementary school (grade sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jovan Dučić
Jovan Dučić ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Дучић, ; 15 February 1872 – 7 April 1943) was a Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serb poet-diplomat and academic. He is one of the most influential Serbian lyricists and Modernist poetry, modernist poets. Dučić published his first collection of poetry in Mostar in 1901 and his second in Belgrade in 1908. He also wrote often in prose, writing a number of literary essays, studies on writers, letters by poets from Switzerland, Greece and Spain and the book ''Blago cara Radovana'' for which he is most remembered when it comes to his writing. Dučić was also one of the founders of the ''Narodna Odbrana'', a Nationalism, nationalist non-governmental organization in the Kingdom of Serbia and he was a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Serbian Royal Academy. Biography Early life and diplomacy Jovan Dučić was born on 17 February 1871 in Trebinje, at the time part of Bosnia Vilayet within the Ottoman Empire. In Trebinje he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade () is a public university, public research university in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the oldest and largest modern university in Serbia. Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments into a single university. The university has around 59,600 enrolled students and over 4,600 academic staff members. Since its founding, the university has educated more than 378,000 Bachelor's degree, bachelors, around 25,100 Magister (degree), magisters, 29,000 Specialist degree, specialists and 14,670 Doctorate, doctors. The university comprises 31 faculties, 12 research institutes, the Belgrade University Library, university library, and 9 university centres. The faculties are organized into four groups: social sciences and humanities; medical sciences; natural sciences and mathematics; and technological sciences. History 19th century The University of Belgrade was established in 1808 as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diethyl Ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound with the chemical formula , sometimes abbreviated as . It is a colourless, highly Volatility (chemistry), volatile, sweet-smelling ("ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It belongs to the ether class of organic compounds. It is a common solvent and was formerly used as a general anesthetic. Production Most diethyl ether is produced as a byproduct of the vapor-phase Hydration reaction, hydration of ethylene to make ethanol. This process uses solid-supported phosphoric acid Catalysis, catalysts and can be adjusted to make more ether if the need arises: Vapor-phase Dehydration reaction, dehydration of ethanol over some Aluminium oxide, alumina catalysts can give diethyl ether yields of up to 95%. : Diethyl ether can be prepared both in laboratories and on an industrial scale by the acid ether synthesis. Uses The dominant use of diethyl ether is as a solvent. One particular application is in the production of cell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dušan Matić
Dušan Matić (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Матић; 31 August 1898 – 12 September 1980) was a Serbian poet who was active as part of the Belgrade surrealist group. Biography Early life Dušan Matić was born on 31 August 1898 in Ćuprija. His father was a civil servant from Jagodina, and his mother was from Kruševac. Due to his father's occupation, the Matić family moved frequently, spending time in Pirot, Čačak, Niš and Šabac. Just as he had started attending school in Šabac in 1912, the First Balkan War erupted. His family home was destroyed in the early days of World War I, after which the Matić family moved to Kruševac to stay with the family of Dušan's mother. At the age of 16, Matić published his first poetry in the Serbian Social Democratic Party aligned ''Radničke novine'' (The Workers' Journal) under the ''nom de plume'' Uroš Jovanović. In 1915, Matić followed his father in the Great Retreat, eventually departing from Durrës. Moving from Messina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Belgrade Gymnasium
First Belgrade Gymnasium () is a Gymnasium (school), gymnasium (Central European type of grammar school) with a long tradition, founded in 1839 in Belgrade, Serbia. Since 1938, it is situated in the center of the city, on 61 Cara Dušana Street. The Church of St. Alexander Nevsky, Belgrade, Church of St. Alexander Nevsky is located next to the school. In October 1838, Kragujevac was the capital of Serbia. But despite it being the main cultural center at the time, Miloš Obrenović decided for First Belgrade Gymnasium (grammar school) to be founded in Belgrade, in an area called Dorćol (Dort-yol). The school was instituted on 18 June 1839. At that time, it was located on Jug Bogdan's Street number 26, which was the residence of Nikola Selaković. At the very beginning, it had only two grades, but in the next four years, the school's system was significantly upgraded so at the end, it had a total of five grades. It could be said that in the 1842–43 school year, the school actuall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svedočanstva
The cover of the final issue of ''Svedočanstva'' from March 1925. ''Svedočanstva'' (Testimonies) was a Yugoslav literary periodical published every ten days from 21 November 1924 to 1 March 1925. It was the first periodical based in Belgrade espousing surrealistic ideas in literature. Formation ''Svedočanstva'' continued the trend of the monthly ''Putevi'' (Roads, 1922–1924), a modernist periodical. The differences among the various groups contributing to ''Putevi'' made it impossible to continue together, and the young and more radical group started ''Svedočanstva''. Content The first issue of ''Svedočanstva'' was heterogeneous in content and open to experimentation. Among the first few and important contributors were future surrealists Marko Ristić, Milan Dedinac, Dušan Matić, Rastko Petrović, Tin Ujević, Mladen Dimitrijević and Aleksandar Vučo. It contained the first mention of the term "surrealism" in Belgrade, and was published two months after André ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
