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ČKD
ČKD (Českomoravská Kolben-Daněk) () was one of the largest engineering companies in the former Czechoslovakia and today's Czech Republic. It is famous for the Tatra T3, a tramcar that sold 13,991 units worldwide. History ČKD was formed in 1927 from the merger of two smaller companies, Českomoravská-Kolben (founded 1896, produced machinery for hydro dams) and Breitfeld-Daněk (founded 1854, produced machinery for mines and food industry). From 1927 until 1929 ČKD's products included a motorcycle designed by Jaroslav František Koch. It was an advanced four-stroke single-cylinder unit construction with double overhead camshaft design of 500cc. It was sold under the marque BD, thus perpetuating the Breitfeld-Daněk identity. In 1929 ČKD sold its motorcycle business to Praga Hostivař, which re-branded the motorcycles under the Praga marque. It was one of the main suppliers to the Czechoslovak state of military vehicles during the 1930s. During the German occupation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ChME3
The ČKD ČME3 is a six-axle diesel–electric locomotive built by ČKD. The class was used primarily for shunting and mainline duties. With over 8,000 produced during a production run of 31 years, it is one of the most produced locomotives in the world. Units have been operated by Russia, Belarus, Ukraine (as class ЧМЭ3, transliteration ''ChME3'') and other ex-Soviet bloc countries, in Czechoslovakia (as class T669.0, T669.1 and T669.5, later as ŽSR 770 and ČD 770 in Slovakia and the Czech Republic), on industrial railways in Poland (S200), in Albania (HSH T669.1), Iraq (DES 3101), Syria (LDE 1500) and in India (DEC 120). The ČKD ČME3 is classified as a Co-Co or C-C diesel–electric locomotive, with all six axles powered. As such, it is particularly suited for pulling heavy, slow freight and cargo trains. Gallery Тепловозы ЧМЭ3 в депо Славянск.jpg, ČME3 in depot Sloviansk, Ukrainian Railways ЧМЭ3-2454, Молдова, Приднест ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panzer 38(t)
The 38(t), originally known as the ČKD, Českomoravská Kolben-Daněk (ČKD) LT vz. 38, was a tank designed during the 1930s, which saw extensive service during World War II. Developed in Czechoslovakia by ČKD, the type was adopted by Nazi Germany following the German occupation of Czechoslovakia. With the German Army and other Axis forces, the type saw service in the invasions of Poland, France and the USSR. Production ended in 1942, when its main armament was deemed inadequate. In all, over 1,400 Pz. 38(t)s were manufactured. The chassis of the Pz. 38(t) continued to be produced for the Marder III (1942–1944) with some of its components used in the later Hetzer (''Jagdpanzer'' 38, 1944–1945) tank destroyer and its derivative vehicles. The (t) stands for , the German word for Czech; the Czechoslovak military designation was LT vz. 38 (, Light Tank model 38). Manufacturer's designations included TNH series, TNHPS, LTP and LTH. The special vehicle () designation for the ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hetzer
The 38 (Sd.Kfz. 138/2), originally the 38(t), known mostly post-war as , was a German light tank destroyer of the Second World War based on a modified Czechoslovakian Panzer 38(t) chassis. German armoured forces in World War II created a variety of vehicles by mounting anti-tank guns on the chassis of obsolete tanks. These machines performed better than expected, but were still vulnerable due to their high vehicle profiles and open-topped turrets. Strategic bombing during World War II, Allied bombings took a heavy toll on German production facilities and further increased the need for an easily produced, yet effective light tank destroyer to replace vehicles like the Sturmgeschütz III, StuG III and Marder series (Marder I, Marder II, II, and Marder III, III). Prototypes of the 38 were ready by 1944, and mass production began in April of that year. The 38 was covered entirely with sloped armour and possessed a compact form and low silhouette, giving it much improved defens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praga Hostivař
Praga is a manufacturing company based in Prague, Czech Republic. The company produced motorcycles, car, automobiles, trucks and airplanes. The Praga V3S 5-ton truck was used by the Czechoslovak Army for more than half a century. The current company produces Kart racing, karts, racing and road supersports and is involved in car racing. It produces up to 7,000 kart chassis every year, making it one of the most successful kart manufacturers in the world. History Praga was founded in 1907 to build car, motor cars as a venture between entrepreneur František Ringhoffer and the company ''1. českomoravská továrna na stroje'' ("First Bohemian-Moravian Machine Works", later a founding part of the ČKD factories). Ringhoffer only stayed for one year and in 1909 the trade name ''Praga'' ("Prague" in Latin language, Latin) was adopted. One of its early models was built under licence from the Italy, Italian company of Isotta Fraschini. Besides building its own vehicles Praga later al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatra T3
The T3 is a type of Czech tramcar produced by ČKD Tatra. A late-2000s study conducted on the Prague tram system has shown 98.9% reliability, the best of the Prague tram system fleet. During its period of production between 1960 and 1999, 13,991 powered units and 122 unpowered trailers were sold worldwide. It became the most dominant tramcar model in Eastern Bloc countries, except for Poland, where locally produced trams from Konstal factory are still the mainstay in tram systems there, and Hungary, where ČKD only made inroads to the country's tram market during the late 1970s. Together with Soviet KTM-5 it is among the most produced trams, as of 2022, it is still the most widespread tram car in the world. Types T3 The design of the T3 had to meet difficult specifications. The cars needed to have the same capacity as its predecessor (the Tatra T2), but be easier to build. Some of the things that were done to meet this goal were making the walls thinner, and fitti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Škoda Works
The Škoda Works (, ) was one of the largest European industrial conglomerates of the 20th century. In 1859, Czech engineer Emil Škoda bought a foundry and machine factory in Plzeň, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary that had been established ten years previously, founding Škoda Works. By World War I, Škoda Works had become the largest arms manufacturer in Austria-Hungary, supplying the Austro-Hungarian army with mountain guns, mortars and machine guns, including the Škoda M1909, and the ships of the Austro-Hungarian navy with heavy guns. After the war and the creation of the First Czechoslovak Republic, the company, previously focusing on the manufacturing of armaments, diversified and became a major manufacturer of locomotives, aircraft, ships, machine tools, steam turbines, equipment for power utilities, among other industrial products. The deteriorating political situation in Europe by the latter half of the interwar period eventually led to a renewed focus on armament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatra (company)
Tatra is a Czech vehicle manufacturer from Kopřivnice. It is owned by the TATRA TRUCKS a.s. company, and it is the third oldest company in the world producing motor vehicles with an unbroken history. The company was founded in 1850 as ''Ignatz Schustala & Cie''. In 1890 the company became a joint-stock company and was renamed the ''Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriksgesellschaft''. In 1897, the ''Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriksgesellschaft'' produced the Präsident, which was the first factory-produced automobile with a petrol engine to be made in Central and Eastern Europe. The First Truck was made a year later, in 1898. In 1918, the company was renamed ''Kopřivnická vozovka a.s.'', and in 1919 it changed from the Nesselsdorfer marque to the ''Tatra'' badge, named after the nearby Tatra Mountains on the Czechoslovak- Polish border (now on the Polish- Slovak border). In the interwar period, Tatra came to international prominence with its line of affordable cars based on ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PCC Streetcar
The Presidents' Conference Committee (PCC) is a streetcar (tram) design that was first built in the United States in the 1930s. The design proved successful domestically, and after World War II it was licensed for use elsewhere in the world where PCC based cars were made. The PCC car has proved to be a long-lasting icon of streetcar design. Approximately 5,000 PCC streetcars were built in the United States, with production continuing until 1952. In North America, some PCC streetcars are still in regular service, with most operating on heritage streetcar lines. , the San Francisco Municipal Railway is the largest North American operator of PCC cars, using a fleet of 27 on two heritage lines. After World War II, the PCC design was licensed to multiple European companies. Over 15,000 PCC-derived streetcars were built in Europe, including the popular Tatra T3. Origins The Presidents' Conference Committee (PCC) originated from the design committee formed in 1929. It was renamed t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalization
Nationalization (nationalisation in British English) is the process of transforming privately owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state. Nationalization contrasts with privatization and with demutualization. When previously nationalized assets are privatized and subsequently returned to public ownership at a later stage, they are said to have undergone renationalization (or deprivatization). Industries often subject to nationalization include telecommunications, electric power, fossil fuels, railways, airlines, iron ore, media, postal services, banks, and water (sometimes called the commanding heights of the economy), and in many jurisdictions such entities have no history of private ownership. Nationalization may occur with or without financial compensation to the former owners. Nationalization is distinguished from property redistribution in that the government retains control of nationalized pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jane's Information Group
Janes is a global open-source intelligence company specialising in military, national security, aerospace and transport topics, whose name derives from British author Fred T. Jane. History Jane's Information Group was founded in 1898 by Fred T. Jane, who had begun sketching ships as an enthusiast naval artist while living in Portsmouth. This gradually developed into an encyclopedic knowledge, culminating in the publishing of Jane's Fighting Ships, ''All the World's Fighting Ships'' (1898). The company then gradually branched out into other areas of military expertise. The books and trade magazines published by the company are often considered the ''de facto'' public source of information on warfare and transportation systems. Based in Greater London for most of its existence, the group was owned by the Thomson Corporation, the Woodbridge Company, then IHS Markit, before being acquired by Montagu Private Equity in 2019. In March 2022, Janes acquired Washington, D.C.-based RWR Ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siemens Mobility
Siemens Mobility GmbH is a division of Siemens. With its global headquarters in Munich, Siemens Mobility has four core business units: Mobility Management, dedicated to rail technology and intelligent traffic systems, Railway Electrification, Rolling Stock, and Customer Services. History Innovations from the late 19th century, such as the world's first electric train, when Siemens & Halske unveiled a train in which power was supplied through the rails, and the world's first electric tram, with the implementation of 2.5-kilometer-long electric tramway located in Berlin, built at the company's own expense, cemented the use of electric power in transportation systems. In the following years, inventions such as the first electric trolleybus, mine locomotives, and the first underground railway in continental Europe (in Budapest), set the path from trams and subways to today's high-speed trains. Siemens, alongside ThyssenKrupp and Transrapid International, was part of the Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trolleyDunbar, Charles S. (1967). ''Buses, Trolleys & Trams''. Paul Hamlyn Ltd. (UK). Republished 2004 with or 9780753709702.) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead wires (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Overhead line#Parallel overhead lines, Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph (transport), pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of Battery electric bus, electric buses, which usually rely on Automotive battery, batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
