āina-kāri
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āina-kāri
''Ayeneh-kari'' () is a kind of Iranian interior decoration where artists assemble finely cut mirrors together in geometric, calligraphic or foliage forms (inspired by flowers and other plants). This creates a beautiful shining surface covered with complex facets, reflecting light as intricate abstract patterns or glittering reflections. Beside their decorative use, this art form is used as a strong durable cover for interior spaces. This type of mosaic work is commonly done in Iran, Pakistan and is also found is Mughal era buildings of India. Etymology The word Ayeneh-kari is a Persian compound word, composed of the words ayeneh and kari. Ayeneh means mirror. Kari means to do or place something onto something else. Together, the word Ayeneh-kari means mirror-work. History In ancient Iranian cultures, water and mirrors symbolised purity, light and truthfulness, and their use in Iranian architecture also has the same meaning and comes from the same concept. During the Zan ...
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Palacio De Golestán, Teherán, Irán, 2016-09-17, DD 27-36 HDR PAN
Palacio (''palace'') is a Spanish habitational name. It may have originated from many places in Spain, especially in Galicia and Asturias Asturias (; ; ) officially the Principality of Asturias, is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in northwest Spain. It is coextensive with the provinces of Spain, province of Asturias and contains some of the territory t .... Notable people with the surname include: * Agustina Palacio de Libarona (1825–1880), Argentine writer, storyteller, heroine * Alberto Palacio, engineer * Alfredo Palacio (1939–2025), Ecuadorian cardiologist and politician, president of Ecuador (2005–2007) * Andy Palacio, Belizean musician * Emilio Palacio, Ecuadorian journalist * Ernesto Palacio, opera singer * Héctor Palacio, Colombian road racing cyclist * Milt Palacio, basketball player * R. J. Palacio, American writer of the 2012 children's novel ''Wonder'' * Rodrigo Palacio, footballer See also * Palacios (other) Refere ...
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Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian
Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian (; 13 January 1922 – 20 April 2019) was an Iranian artist and a collector of traditional folk art. She is noted for having been one of the most prominent Iranian artists of the contemporary period, and she was the first artist to achieve an Mathematics and art, artistic practice that weds the geometric patterns and cut-glass mosaic techniques (Āina-kāri) of her Iranian heritage with the rhythms of modern Western geometric abstraction. In 2017, the Monir Museum in Tehran was opened in her honour. Early life and education Shahroudy was born on January 13, 1922, to educated parents in the religious city of Qazvin, north-western Iran. Farmanfarmaian acquired artistic skills early on in childhood, receiving drawing lessons from a tutor and studying postcard depictions of Western art. After studying at the University of Tehran at the Faculty of Fine Art in 1944, she moved to New York City via steamboat, when World War II derailed her plans to study a ...
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Islamic Glass
Islamic glass is glass made in the Islamic world, especially in periods up to the 19th century. It built on pre-Islamic cultures in the Middle East, especially ancient Egyptian, Persian and Roman glass, and developed distinct styles, characterized by the introduction of new techniques and the reinterpreting of old traditions. It came under European influence by the end of the Middle Ages, with imports of Venetian glass documented by the late 15th century. It rarely has religious content, other than inscriptions, although the mosque lamp was mainly used in religious contexts, to light mosques, but it uses the decorative styles of Islamic art from the same times and places. The makers were not necessarily Muslims themselves. Though most glass was simple, and presumably cheap, finely formed and decorated pieces were expensive products, and often highly decorated, using several different techniques. Muhammad disapproved of the use of tableware and drinking vessels made from precio ...
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Mosaic
A mosaic () is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/Mortar (masonry), mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in the Ancient Rome, Ancient Roman world. Mosaic today includes not just murals and pavements, but also artwork, hobby crafts, and industrial and construction forms. Mosaics have a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean civilisation, Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman dynasty, Norman Kingdom of Sicily in the 12th century, by th ...
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Islamic Art
Islamic art is a part of Islamic culture and encompasses the visual arts produced since the 7th century CE by people who lived within territories inhabited or ruled by Muslims, Muslim populations. Referring to characteristic traditions across a wide range of lands, periods, and genres, Islamic art is a concept used first by Western culture, Western Art history, art historians in the late 19th century. Public Islamic art is traditionally non-Representation (arts), representational, except for the widespread use of plant forms, usually in varieties of the spiralling Arabesque (Islamic art), arabesque. These are often combined with Islamic calligraphy, Islamic geometric patterns, geometric patterns in styles that are typically found in a wide variety of media, from small objects in ceramic or metalwork to large decorative schemes in tiling on the outside and inside of large buildings, including mosques. Other forms of Islamic art include Islamic miniature painting, artefacts like I ...
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Mirrors
A mirror, also known as a looking glass, is an object that reflects an image. Light that bounces off a mirror forms an image of whatever is in front of it, which is then focused through the lens of the eye or a camera. Mirrors reverse the direction of light at an angle equal to its incidence. This allows the viewer to see themselves or objects behind them, or even objects that are at an angle from them but out of their field of view, such as around a corner. Natural mirrors have existed since prehistoric times, such as the surface of water, but people have been manufacturing mirrors out of a variety of materials for thousands of years, like stone, metals, and glass. In modern mirrors, metals like silver or aluminium are often used due to their high reflectivity, applied as a thin coating on glass because of its naturally smooth and very hard surface. A mirror is a wave reflector. Light consists of waves, and when light waves reflect from the flat surface of a mirror, thos ...
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Persian Art
Persian art or Iranian art () has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in many media including architecture, painting, weaving, pottery, calligraphy, metalworking and sculpture. At different times, influences from the art of neighbouring civilizations have been very important, and latterly Persian art gave and received major influences as part of the wider styles of Islamic art. This article covers the art of Persia up to 1925, and the end of the Qajar dynasty; for later art see Iranian modern and contemporary art, and for traditional crafts see arts of Iran. Rock art in Iran is its most ancient surviving art. Iranian architecture is covered at that article. From the Achaemenid Empire of 550 BC–330 BC for most of the time a large Iranian-speaking state has ruled over areas similar to the modern boundaries of Iran, and often much wider areas, sometimes called Greater Iran, where a process of cultural Persianization left enduring results even w ...
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Interior Design
Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the people using the space. With a keen eye for detail and a Creativity, creative flair, an interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such enhancement projects. Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, space planning, site inspections, programming, research, communicating with the stakeholders of a project, construction management, and execution of the design. History and current terms In the past, interiors were put together instinctively as a part of the process of building.Pile, J., 2003, Interior Design, 3rd edn, Pearson, New Jersey, USA The profession of interior design has been a consequence of the development of society and the complex architecture that has resulted from the development of industrial processes. The pursuit of effective use of ...
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Glass Mosaic
In Myanmar culture, glass mosaic () is a traditional form of glasswork where pieces of glass are used to embellish decorative art, structures, and furniture. Glass mosaic is typically divided into two subcategories, ''hman gyan si'' () and ''hman nu si'' (). The former is typically used to decorate the walls and ceilings of pagodas, while the latter is used to embellish furniture and accessories. The art form originated in the 1500s during the Nyaungyan era. Glass mosaic is often studded with gems and semi-precious stones. History Glass mosaic is a traditional Burmese mosaic made with pieces of glass, used to embellish decorative art, structures, and furniture. Glass mosaic is typically divided into two subcategories, ''hman gyan si'' () and ''hman nu si'' (). The former is typically used to decorate the walls and ceilings of pagodas, while the latter is used to embellish furniture and accessories. The art form originated in the 1500s during the Nyaungyan era. Glass mosaic is of ...
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Iran Mall
The Iran Mall () is a shopping mall in Iran. It is located in northwest Tehran by Chitgar Lake. The multi-purpose complex was designed on land with an area of and seven floors. Its infrastructure area in the first phase is , which will be increased to when all the development phases are completed. The first phase with the capacity of of gross leasable area and 708 retail units was opened on 1 May 2018. Over 1,200 contractors and 25,000 workers took part in the construction of Iran Mall. The facility is owned by Ayandeh Bank. The original idea of building such a large complex came from the well-known Iranian entrepreneur, Ali Ansari, who has also been the chief executive of constructing the Iran Mall. International honours and records The Iran Mall has attended Mapic for three years (from 2015 to 2017) and has also been awarded by RLI as the best-anticipated shopping mall in terms of dimensions and spaces of services, culture and entertainment in 2017. According to the ...
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Niavaran Complex
The Niavaran Palace Complex ( – ''Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān'') is a historical palace complex situated in Shemiran (northern Tehran), Iran. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. History During the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah, a new palace named ''Niavaran'' was constructed for the imperial family. The palace was designed in 1958 and completed in 1967. It served a variety of purposes for the imperial court including as a home for the Shah and Shahbanu Farah as well a place to entertain visiting foreign heads of state. On New Year's Eve 1977, the reception and state banquet for US President Jimmy Carter took place here. The Shah and Shahbanu left basically everything behind when they left Iran in January 1979. All of the peripheral buildings of the Sahebgharaniyeh Palace, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Sahebgharaniy ...
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Sahebgharaniyeh Palace
The Sahebgharaniyeh Palace (Persian: کاخ صاحبقرانیه) is a royal palace in Tehran, Iran. Built in 1850 by the order of Naser ed-Din Shah Qajar, it is one of the only Qajar buildings in the Niavaran complex. History Naser ed-Din Shah Qajar ordered the construction of the palace in 1850 in two floors, and in the 39th year of his rule he gave himself the title "Sahebgharan" and gave the name "Sahebgharaniyeh" to the place. Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar signed the first constitution of Iran in this place. Fawzia of Egypt and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi were also scheduled to hold their wedding in this palace, which was cancelled due to cold weather. The palace was also used as the working office of Mohammad Reza Shah for several years before the Iranian revolution. Parts of Bitter Coffee and Kamalolmolk (film) were filmed here. Gallery File:View of the sahebgharanieh palace1.JPG, New year greeting of Naser ed-Din Shah Qajar File:Jahan nama hall.JPG, Jahan nama Hall, featu ...
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