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Þangbrandr
Þangbrandr was a missionary sent to Iceland by king of Norway Óláfr Tryggvason to convert the inhabitants to Christianity. Snorri Sturluson described him as follows: Origins Þangbrandr's origins are uncertain. In no less than two Icelandic sagas, he is the son of an otherwise unknown Vilbaldus, count of Duchy of Saxony, Saxony or of Archdiocese of Bremen, Bremen.''Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta''. In contrast, 12th century Norwegian historian Theodoric the Monk presents him as Flemish. He may have been a clerk to the bishop of Bremen. However that may be, his name seems to be of German origin, and may come from Old High German ''*Dankbrant''. Encounter with Óláfr The Bishop of Bremen was invited to England by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Þangbrandr went with him. In England, Þangbrandr was offered a shield with a crucified Christ drawn on it. When they returned to Saxony they met Óláfr, who saw Þangbrandr's shield and was pleased with it. The Þangbrandr gave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Þorvaldr Veili
Þorvaldr (inn) veili ("the Ailing") was an Icelandic skald who lived in the last part of the 10th century. The ''Brennu-Njáls saga'' relates the circumstances of his death. Þorvaldr was pagan and opposed the conversion to Christianity. According especially to Snorri Sturluson's ''Heimskringla#Contents, Ólafs saga Tryggvasonar'', he had composed defamatory verses (''níð'') about Þangbrandr, a missionary sent to Iceland by Óláfr Tryggvason. When Þangbrandr arrived in his area, in Grímsnes- og Grafningshreppur, Grímsnes, Þorvaldr gathered a troop to slay him and his companion Guðleifr Arason. But the priest was forewarned and Þorvaldr was eventually killed: :Thangbrand shot a spear through Thorwald, but Gudleif smote him on the shoulder and hewed his arm off, and that was his death. : : ::—''The Story of Burnt Njal'' (98)Dasent's translation As he was setting his trap, Þorvaldr had asked the skald Úlfr Uggason to lend him assistance against the "effeminate/sodomitic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vetrliði Sumarliðason
Vetrliði Sumarliðason (Old Norse: ; Modern Icelandic: ) was a 10th-century Icelandic skald. He was the great-grandson of Ketill hængr ("salmon"), one of the settlers of Iceland. He lived in Fljótshlíð, in the south of the island. Vetrliði was pagan and opposed the conversion to Christianity. He composed defamatory verses ('' níð'') about Þangbrandr, a missionary sent to Iceland by Óláfr Tryggvason. He was killed by the priest (or by the priest and his companion Guðleifr Arason). In some versions, another skald, Þorvaldr veili, was murdered for the same reason. A stanza was composed by an unknown author about Vetrliði's death: This episode is related in many sources: '' Kristni saga'', ''Landnámabók'', '' Brennu-Njáls saga'', Snorri Sturluson's '' Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar'' and ''Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta''. Only one stanza of his work survived, a '' lausavísa'' praising Thor for having killed giants A giant is a being of human appearance, someti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skald
A skald, or skáld (Old Norse: ; , meaning "poet"), is one of the often named poets who composed skaldic poetry, one of the two kinds of Old Norse poetry in alliterative verse, the other being Eddic poetry. Skaldic poems were traditionally composed to honor kings, but were sometimes Extemporaneous speaking, ex tempore. They include both extended works and single verses (''Lausavísa, lausavísur''). They are characteristically more ornate in form and diction than eddic poems, employing many kennings, which require some knowledge of Norse mythology, and heiti, which are formal nouns used in place of more prosaic synonyms. ''Dróttkvætt'' metre (poetry), metre is a type of skaldic verse form that most often use internal rhyme and alliteration. More than 5,500 skaldic verses have survived, preserved in more than 700 manuscripts, including in several sagas and in Snorri Sturluson's ''Prose Edda'', a handbook of skaldic composition that led to a revival of the art. Many of these vers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodoricus Monachus
Theodoric the Monk (; also ''Tjodrik munk''; in Old Norse his name was most likely ''Þórir'') was a 12th-century Norwegian Benedictine monk, perhaps at the Nidarholm Abbey. He may be identical with either Bishop Tore of the Diocese of Hamar or Archbishop Tore Gudmundsson, of the Archdiocese of Nidaros who both went under the Latin name ''Theodoricus'' in the Abbey of St. Victor, Paris. Theodoric wrote a brief history of the kings of Norway in Latin, ''Historia de Antiquitate Regum Norwagiensium'' sometime between 1177 and 1188. The work covers Norwegian history from the reign of the 9th century King Haraldr hárfagri up to the death of King Sigurðr Jórsalafari in 1130. His work, which was dedicated to Archbishop Eystein Erlendsson of Nidaros (1161-1188), remains an important source to the oldest parts of Norway's modern-time history. In his work, Theodoricus left out the most recent period of Norwegian history. Theodoric states that he considered it "utterly unfitting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prima Signatio
Prima may refer to: Media * ''Prima'' (magazine), a French women's magazine * Prima (news agency), a human rights news agency in Moscow * Astro Prima Malaysian pay-TV channel * Prima Games, an American publishing company of video game strategy guides * Prima SK, a Slovakian television channel * Prima TV, a Romanian television channel * Prima televize, a Czech television channel People * Leon Prima (1907–1985), American jazz trumpeter * Louis Prima (1910–1978), American jazz musician and bandleader * Louis Prima Jr. (born 1965), American jazz singer Transport * Alstom Prima, a locomotive * Prima Air, a Spanish airline * ''Prima''-class cruise ship * Tata Prima, a range of heavy trucks Other uses * PRIMA (Indonesia), an interbank network * Prima (spider), a genus of spiders * Just and Prosperous People's Party, a political party in Indonesia * Place of the relevant intermediary approach, a legal doctrine applied in cross-border security transactions * Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianisation Of Iceland
Iceland was Christianized in the year 1000 AD, when Christianity was legally adopted as the official religion by decision of the Althing. In Icelandic, this event is known as the (literally, "the taking of Christianity"). The vast majority of the initial settlers of Iceland during the settlement of Iceland in the 9th and 10th centuries AD were pagan, worshipping the Æsir (the Norse gods). Beginning in 980, Iceland was visited by several Christian missionaries who had little success; but when Olaf Tryggvason (who had converted around 998) ascended to the Norwegian throne, there were many more converts, and the two rival religions soon divided the country and threatened civil war. After war broke out in Denmark and Norway, the matter was submitted to arbitration at the Althing. Law speaker and pagan Thorgeir Thorkelsson proposed "one law and one religion" after which baptism and conversion to Christianity became compulsory. Ari Thorgilsson's '' Book of the Icelanders,'' th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alþing
The (; ), anglicised as Althingi or Althing, is the supreme national parliament of Iceland. It is the oldest surviving parliament in the world. The Althing was founded in 930 at (' thing fields' or 'assembly fields'), about east of what later became the country's capital, Reykjavík. After Iceland's union with Norway in 1262, the Althing lost its legislative power, which was not restored until 1904 when Iceland gained home rule from Denmark. For 641 years, the Althing did not serve as the parliament of Iceland; ultimate power rested with the Norwegian, and subsequently the Danish throne. Even after Iceland's union with Norway in 1262, the Althing still held its sessions at until 1800, when it was discontinued. It was restored in 1844 by royal decree and moved to Reykjavík. The restored unicameral legislature first came together in 1845 and after 1874 operated in two chambers with an additional third chamber taking on a greater role as the decades passed until 1991 when A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hjalti Skeggjason
Hjalti Skeggiason (Old Norse and Modern Icelandic: ; O.N. pronunciation: ; M.I. pron.: ) was an Icelandic chieftain who supported Gizurr the White for the introduction of Christianity in Iceland, on the Althing in 1000. Later he spent time with the Norwegian king Olaf the Stout and accompanied Björn Stallare on his diplomatic mission to Ragnvald Ulfsson in Västergötland and to Olof Skötkonung in Uppsala. Snorri Sturluson Snorri Sturluson ( ; ; 1179 – 22 September 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet, and politician. He was elected twice as lawspeaker of the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He is commonly thought to have authored or compiled portions of th ...'s detailed account of this voyage is probably based on an account made by Hjalti after his return to Iceland. Sources *An article in '' Nordisk familjebok {{DEFAULTSORT:Hjalti Skeggiason 10th-century Vikings 10th-century Icelandic people Goðar 11th-century Vikings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gizurr The White
Gissur Teitsson (Modern Icelandic: ) or Gissur the White was a chieftain or '' goði'' in Iceland at the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries. He played a preeminent role in the Christianisation of Iceland Iceland was Christianized in the year 1000 AD, when Christianity was legally adopted as the official religion by decision of the Althing. In Icelandic, this event is known as the (literally, "the taking of Christianity"). The vast majority of .... He was the father of Ísleifur Gissurarson and the grandfather of Gissur Ísleifsson, who served as the first two bishops of Iceland. Footnotes References * Converts to Christianity from Germanic paganism Icelandic Christians Gissur Teitsson Goðar {{Europe-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berserker
In the Old Norse written corpus, berserkers () were Scandinavian warriors who were said to have fought in a trance-like fury, a characteristic which later gave rise to the modern English adjective ''wikt:berserk#Adjective, berserk'' . Berserkers are attested to in numerous Old Norse sources. Etymology The Old Norse form of the word was (plural ), a compound word of ''ber'' and ''serkr''. The second part, ''serkr'', means (also found in Middle English, see ). The first part, ''ber'', on the other hand, can mean several things, but is assumed to have most likely meant , with the full word, ''berserkr'', meaning just , as in . Thirteenth-century historian Snorri Sturluson, an Icelander who lived around 200 years after berserkers were outlawed in Iceland (outlawed in 1015), on the other hand, interpreted the meaning as , that is to say that the warriors went into battle without armour, but that view has largely been abandoned, due to contradicting and lack of supporting evidenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thor
Thor (from ) is a prominent list of thunder gods, god in Germanic paganism. In Norse mythology, he is a hammer-wielding æsir, god associated with lightning, thunder, storms, sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology, sacred groves and trees, Physical strength, strength, the protection of humankind, hallowing, and fertility. Besides Old Norse , the deity occurs in Old English as , in Old Frisian as ', in Old Saxon as ', and in Old High German as , all ultimately stemming from the Proto-Germanic theonym , meaning 'Thunder'. Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman Empire, Roman occupation of regions of , to the Germanic expansions of the Migration Period, to his high popularity during the Viking Age, when, in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia, emblems of his hammer, , were worn and Norse paganism, Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
