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Ólafur Hjaltason
Ólafur Hjaltason ( – 9 January 1569) was bishop of Hólar from 1552 until his death. He was the first Lutheran bishop of Holar. Early life Ólafur's father was Hjalti Arnkelsson, a carpenter in Hólar. His date of birth is uncertain with some sources pointing to 1481 and 1484, but others centering on 1491 or 1492. Ólafur grew up in Hólar, studied in Bergen, Norway, and became a priest around 1517. Shortly afterwards he was granted a post at Vesturhópshólar before serving in Húnaþing from 1527 to 1532. The Reformation After 1532, Ólafur came to the Hólar Cathedral where he gained the esteem of Bishop Jón Arason. He was one of the three men who were tasked by Jón to travel to Denmark in 1542 negotiate before King Christian III whether Iceland would remain Catholic or become Lutheran. During his stay in Copenhagen, Ólafur was swayed for the Reformation The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Hólar Bishops
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Of Iceland
The Church of Iceland (), officially the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland (), is the State religion, national church of Iceland. The church is Christian and professes the Lutheranism, Lutheran faith. It is a member of the Lutheran World Federation, the Porvoo Communion, the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe, and the World Council of Churches. The church is organised as a single diocese headed by the Bishop of Iceland. Agnes M. Sigurðardóttir, appointed in 2012, was the first woman to hold this position. She was succeeded by Guðrún Karls Helgudóttir in 2024. The church has two suffragan Episcopal see, sees, Diocese of Skálholt, Skálholt and List of bishops of Hólar, Hólar, whose bishops are suffragans or assistant bishops to the Bishop of Iceland; unusually, each has a cathedral church despite not being in a separate diocese. History Pre-Christian era and the adoption of Christianity Christianity was present from the beginning of human habitation in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hólar
Hólar (; also Hólar í Hjaltadal ) is a small community in the Skagafjörður district of northern Iceland. Location Hólar is in the valley Hjaltadalur, some from the national capital of Reykjavík. It has a population of around 100. It is the site of the main campus of Hólar University College, a site of historical buildings and archeological excavation, home to the Center for the history of the Icelandic horse, Hólar Cathedral, and the turf house Nýibær. The first printing press in Iceland was introduced to Hólar in 1530. Hólar Agricultural College was founded 1882, and was renamed Holar University College in 2003. History Near the end of the 10th century, King Olaf I of Norway convinced his subjects to accept Christianity, then sent Christian missionaries to Iceland, where they were quickly accepted; around 1000 Icelanders made a peaceful decision that all should convert. Despite this, the '' godar'', Iceland's ruling class, maintained their power. Some built t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jón Arason
Jón Arason (1484 – November 7, 1550) was an Icelandic Roman Catholic bishop and poet, who was executed in his struggle against the Reformation in Iceland. Background Jón Arason was born in Gryta, educated at Munkaþverá, the Benedictine abbey of Iceland, and was ordained a Catholic priest about 1504. Having attracted the notice of Gottskálk Nikulásson bishop of Hólar, he was sent on two missions to Norway. When Gottskálk died in 1520, Jón Arason was chosen as his successor in the episcopal see of Hólar, but he was not officially ordained until 1524. The other Icelandic bishop, Ögmundur Pálsson of Skálholt, had strongly opposed Jón and even attempted to arrest him in 1522, but Jón managed to escape Iceland on a German ship. The two bishops were eventually reconciled in 1525. Bishop Ögmundur later opposed the imposition of Lutheranism to Iceland, but being old and blind by that time his opposition was ineffective. Clerical celibacy was practiced in medieval ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guðbrandur Þorláksson
Guðbrandur Þorláksson ( – 20 July 1627) was bishop of Hólar from 8 April 1571 until his death. He was the longest-serving bishop in Iceland and is known for printing the ''Guðbrandsbiblía'', first complete Icelandic translation of the Bible. Early life Guðbrandur was the son of Þorláks Hallgrímssonar, a priest based at in Miðfjörður, and Helga Jónsdóttir, the daughter of the lawyer . Guðbrandur studied at Hólar College from 1553 to 1559 and then went to the University of Copenhagen where he studied theology and logic. Guðbrandur was one of the first Icelanders to study in Denmark instead of in Germany. After returning to Iceland in 1564, he served as rector of the Skálholt, Skálholt School for three years before becoming a priest at historic Breiðabólstaður in Vesturhóp. Bishop In 1571, the Danish King Frederick II of Denmark, Frederick II named Guðbrandur List of bishops of Hólar, Bishop of Hólar on the recommendation of Poul Madsen, Diocese of Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Hólar
A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of dioceses. The role or office of the bishop is called episcopacy or the episcopate. Organisationally, several Christian denominations utilise ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority within their dioceses. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full Priest#Christianity, priesthood given by Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergen
Bergen (, ) is a city and municipalities of Norway, municipality in Vestland county on the Western Norway, west coast of Norway. Bergen is the list of towns and cities in Norway, second-largest city in Norway after the capital Oslo. By May 2025 the population is 294 029 according to Statistics Norway. The municipality covers and is on the peninsula of Bergenshalvøyen. The city centre and northern neighbourhoods are on Byfjorden (Hordaland), Byfjorden, 'the city fjord'. The city is surrounded by mountains, causing Bergen to be called the "city of Seven Mountains, Bergen, seven mountains". Many of the extra-municipal suburbs are on islands. Bergen is the administrative centre of Vestland county. The city consists of eight boroughs: Arna, Bergen, Arna, Bergenhus, Fana, Bergen, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevåg, Ytrebygda, Årstad, Bergen, Årstad, and Åsane. Trading in Bergen may have started as early as the 1020s. According to tradition, the city was founded in 1070 by King Ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hólar Cathedral
Hólar Cathedral (Icelandic language, Icelandic: ''Hóladómkirkja'') is a Church of Iceland cathedral church located in Hólar, Iceland. It is the official church of the Bishop of Hólar, currently Gísli Gunnarsson. History The Cathedral lost its cathedral status in 1801 when the Diocese of Hólar was dissolved and amalgamated in the united Diocese of Iceland. It became a cathedral once more in 1909 when the diocese was re-established, this time as a suffragan see, with the bishop of Hólar being the suffragan bishop to the Bishop of Iceland. The present church stands in the place of six other previous churches, the first one built in 1050 by Oxi Hjaltason. The second was built between 1050 and 1106, and the third after 1106 by Bishop Jón Ögmundsson. The fourth was built around 1300 by Bishop Jörundur Þorsteinsson while the fifth one was built around 1394 by Bishop Pétur Nikulásson. The sixth was constructed by Halldóra Guðbrandsdóttir around 1627, being the first church ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian III Of Denmark
Christian III (12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559) reigned as King of Denmark from 1534 and King of Norway from 1537 until his death in 1559. During his reign, Christian formed close ties between the church and the crown. He established Lutheranism as the state religion within his realms as part of the Protestant Reformation, and was the first King of Denmark-Norway. Childhood Christian was the eldest son of the future king, Frederick I of Denmark, and Anna of Brandenburg. He was born at Gottorf Castle in Schleswig which Frederick I had made as a primary residence. In 1514, when he was just ten years old, Christian's mother died. Four years later, his father remarried to Sophie of Pomerania (1498–1568). In 1523, Frederick I was elected King of Denmark in the place of his nephew, Christian II. The young Prince Christian's first public service after his father became king was gaining the submission of Copenhagen, which stood firm for the fugitive, Christian II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformation
The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major Theology, theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church. Towards the end of the Renaissance, the Reformation marked the beginning of Protestantism. It is considered one of the events that signified the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the early modern period in Europe. The Reformation is usually dated from Martin Luther's publication of the ''Ninety-five Theses'' in 1517, which gave birth to Lutheranism. Prior to Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers, there were Proto-Protestantism, earlier reform movements within Western Christianity. The end of the Reformation era is disputed among modern scholars. In general, the Reformers argued that justification (theology), justification was sola fide, based on faith in Jesus alone and n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Bishops Of Hólar
The Diocese of Hólar is a suffragan diocese of the Church of Iceland. The Bishop of Hólar is one of two suffragan bishops to the Bishop of Iceland. The Diocese of Hólar existed between 1106 and 1801 when it was amalgamated into the Diocese of Iceland under the leadership of the Bishop of Iceland. In 1909, the diocese was revived as a titular see of the Church of Iceland. The following people were bishops of Hólar, Iceland: Roman Catholic Former bishopric *1106–1121: St. Jón Ögmundsson *1122–1145: Ketill Þorsteinsson *1147–1162: Björn Gilsson *1163–1201: Brandur Sæmundsson *1203–1237: Guðmundur góði Arason *1238–1247: Bótólfur *1247–1260: Heinrekur Kársson *1263–1264: Brandur Jónsson *1267–1313: Jörundur Þorsteinsson *1313–1322: Auðunn rauði Þorbergsson *1324–1331: Lárentíus Kálfsson *1332–1341: Egill Eyjólfsson *1342–1356: Ormr Ásláksson *1358–1390: Jón skalli Eiríksson *1391–1411: Pétur Nikulásson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1491 Births
Year 1491 (Roman numerals, MCDXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 2 – Alain I of Albret signs the Treaty of Moulins with Charles VIII of France. * March – The French–Breton War resumes. * March 19−March 20, 20 – Alain I of Albret captures the Château des ducs de Bretagne for the French. * April 23 ** Granada War, Granada is besieged by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. **Santa Fe, Granada is founded. * May – The Ottoman–Mamluk War (1485–1491) between the Ottoman Empire and the Egyptian Mamluks ends. * May 3 – The ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo, Nkuwu Nzinga, is baptised by Portuguese Empire, Portuguese missionaries, adopting the baptismal name of João I of Kongo, João I. * May 8 – A solar eclipse takes place over Metz. * June 27 – Louis XII of France, Louis of Orléans is released by Charles VIII of France after three years of imprisonment. * Septembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
