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Étienne Deprez-Crassier
Jean Étienne Philibert de Prez de Crassier or Étienne Desprez-Crassier (18 January 1733 – 6 July 1803) was a French political and military leader in the early years of the French Revolutionary Wars. Despite being from the minor nobility, he entered the French Royal Army as a cadet at the age of 12 because of his family's poverty. He fought in the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War, becoming a colonel in 1785 and retiring two years later. Voltaire lent him the money needed to recover the Deprez family property. He was elected to the Estates General as a nobleman in 1789. After being promoted to lieutenant general he led a division at Valmy in 1792. He became commander of the ''Army of the Rhine'' and '' Army of the Western Pyrenees''. Imprisoned during the Reign of Terror, he was released and restored to his former rank but retired in 1796. Career Deprez-Crassier was promoted ''maréchal de camp'' ( brigadier general) on 1 March 1791. While leading 600 troop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divonne-les-Bains
Divonne-les-Bains (; Franco-Provençal, Arpitan: ''Digouona''), popularly known simply as Divonne, is a Communes of France, commune in the Ain Departments of France, department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region in Eastern France. Divonne-les-Bains is a spa town situated on the France–Switzerland border, border with Romandy, French-speaking Switzerland, between the foot of the Jura Mountains and Lake Geneva. It is situated in the Arrondissement of Gex, Pays de Gex, about from Gex, Ain, Gex to the southwest, from which the area takes its name. Divonne-les-Bains is about from Geneva to the south and from Nyon to the northeast. Since 2012, Divonne-les-Bains has formed part of a wider agglomeration known as the Grand Genève (Greater Geneva). A short way above the town are several springs, which were exploited in the 19th century to provide spa facilities for which Divonne-les-Bains became renowned. The golf course was built in the 1930s. Many of its present- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general. In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general (or colonel general) and above major general; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral, and in air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. In the United States, a lieutenant general has a three star insignia and commands an army corps, typically made up of three army divisions, and consisting of around 60,000 to 70,000 soldiers. The seeming incongruity that a lieutenant general outranks a major general (whereas a major outranks a lieutenant) is due to the derivation of major general from sergeant major general, which was a rank subordinate to lieutenant general (as a lieutenan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Baptiste Cyrus De Valence
Jean-Baptiste Cyrus de Timbrune de Thiembronne, Comte de Valence (; 22 September 1757 Р4 February 1822) commanded French troops during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. A nobleman, he joined the French Royal Army as a captain of cavalry in 1778. By the time of the French Revolution he commanded a cavalry regiment. Valence led troops at Valmy in 1792 and was soon appointed to command the Army of the Ardennes. He led the right wing at Neerwinden. Becoming involved in Charles Francois Dumouriez's failed plot to seize control of the army, he defected in April 1793. Valence returned to France during an amnesty and was elected to the S̩nat conservateur in 1805. Emperor Napoleon named him to lead an infantry division in the Peninsular War where he led Polish troops at Ciudad Real and Almonacid in 1809. He commanded a heavy cavalry division during the French invasion of Russia leading his horsemen at Borodino and Vyazma. He served with Paul Grenier and Hor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somme-Bionne
Somme-Bionne () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. An important Iron Age chariot burial of 450-300 BC was found in the vicinity of the village in the nineteenth century. The finds from the La Tène period grave came into the possession of the French collector Léon Morel, who sold it, along with his entire antiquities collection from the Champagne region of France, to the British Museum in 1901. Finds from the Celtic Somme-Bionne chariot burial File:Somme-Bionne artefacts.jpg File:Phalère de l'homme mort Somme Bionne.jpg File:British Museum - Room 50 (21045342106).jpg File:Britishmuseumironbitsommebionnecartburial.jpg File:Tresor de Somme bionne BMR CLXI.JPG File:Artefacts de la tombe Somme Bionne 06123.JPG File:Tombe de somme bionne 06127.JPG File:Tombe somme bionne torque 06126.JPG File:Tombe somme bionne poteries 06128.JPG File:1911 Britannica-Archaeology-Chariot burial.png See also *Communes of the Marne department References See also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dragoon
Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat with swords and firearms from horseback. While their use goes back to the late 16th century, dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the 17th and early 18th centuries; they provided greater mobility than regular infantry but were far less expensive than cavalry. The name reputedly derives from a type of firearm, called a ''Dragon (firearm), dragon'', which was a handgun version of a blunderbuss, carried by dragoons of the French Army. The title has been retained in modern times by a number of armoured warfare, armoured or ceremonial mounted regiments. Origins and name The establishment of dragoons evolved from the practice of sometimes transporting infantry by horse when speed of movement was needed. During th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Of The Centre
The Army of the Centre (''armée du Centre'') was one of the first French Revolutionary Armies, named after the location it was set up, the Centre region. It was established by the order of King Louis XVI on 14 December 1791 and attached to Champagne. It had only an ephemeral existence after the Battle of Valmy and the Prussians' evacuation of the territory. Its name reflects its position occupying the centre of the French order of battle on the northern and eastern frontiers, between the armée du Nord and armée du Rhin, the 3rd and 4th military divisions on their creation, then also the 2nd division from 23 March. By a National Convention decree of 1 October 1792, it was renamed the armée de la Moselle, but remained known as the armée du Centre whilst Kellermann was at its head (i.e. until 7 November 1792). Generals * 14 December 1791 - 11 July 1792 : général La Fayette * 12 July - 1 September 1792 : maréchal Luckner, as part of his supreme command of the armée du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Christophe Kellermann
François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * François Amoudruz (1926–2020), French resistance fighter * François-Marie Arouet (better known as Voltaire; 1694–1778), French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher * François Beauchemin (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey player for the Anaheim Ducks * François Blanc (1806–1877), French entrepreneur and operator of casinos * François Bonlieu (1937–1973), French alpine skier * François Cevert (1944–1973), French racing driver * François Chau (born 1959), Cambodian American actor * François Clemmons (born 1945), American singer and actor * François Corbier (1944–2018), French television presenter and songwriter * François Coty (1874–1934), French perfumer * François Coulomb the Elder (1654–1717), French naval architect * François Coulomb the Younger (1691–1751), French naval architect * François Couperin (1668†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hussar
A hussar, ; ; ; ; . was a member of a class of light cavalry, originally from the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th and 16th centuries. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely adopted by light cavalry regiments in European armies during the late 17th and 18th centuries. By the 19th century, hussars were wearing jackets decorated with braid plus shako or Busby (military headdress), busby fur hats and had developed a romanticized image of being dashing and adventurous. Several modern armies retain the designation of hussars for Armored unit, armored (tank) units. In addition, a number of mounted units survive which wear historical hussar uniforms on parade or while providing Bodyguard, ceremonial escorts. Historically, the term derives from the cavalry of late medieval Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526), Hungary, under Matthias Corvinus, with mainly Serb warriors. Etymology Etymologists are divided over the derivation of the word ''huss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chasseurs à Cheval
''Chasseur'' ( , ), a French term for "hunter", is the designation given to certain regiments of French and Belgian light infantry () or light cavalry () to denote troops trained for rapid action. History This branch of the French Army originated during the War of the Austrian Succession when, in 1743, Jean Chrétien Fischer was authorized by the Marshal de Belle-Isle to raise a 600 strong mixed force of infantry and cavalry. It was called '' Chasseurs de Fischer.'' During the remainder of the 18th century various types of light troops () were employed within the French army, either as independent units or as companies within existing regiments. In 1788, there were 8 battalions of chasseurs, and in March 1793 this was expanded to 21 battalions. The first battalions of Chasseurs raised by 1788 included: * (1st) '' Chasseurs Royaux de Provence'' * (2nd) '' Chasseurs Royaux de Dauphiné'' * (3rd) '' Chasseurs Royaux Corses'' (Corsican) * (4th) '' Chasseurs Corses'' (Cors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grenadiers
A grenadier ( , ; derived from the word ''grenade'') was historically an assault-specialist soldier who threw hand grenades in siege operation battles. The distinct combat function of the grenadier was established in the mid-17th century, when grenadiers were recruited from among the strongest and largest soldiers. By the 18th century, the grenadier dedicated to throwing hand grenades had become a less necessary specialist, yet in battle, the grenadiers were the physically robust soldiers who led vanguard assaults, such as storming fortifications in the course of siege warfare. Certain countries such as France ( Grenadiers à Cheval de la Garde Impériale) and Argentina ( Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers) established units of Horse Grenadiers, and for a time the British Army had Horse Grenadier Guards. Like their infantry grenadier counterparts, these horse-mounted soldiers were chosen for their size and strength (heavy cavalry). In modern warfare, a grenadier is a specially tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maréchal De Camp
''Maréchal de camp'' (sometimes incorrectly translated as field marshal) was a general officer rank used by the French Army until 1848. The rank originated from the older rank of sergeant major general ( French: ''sergent-major général''). Sergeant major general was third in command in an army, after the general and the lieutenant general. One of his tasks was to dispose the troops on the battlefield. It was also known in the French army as the "battle sergeant" (fr: ''sergent de bataille''). In English-speaking countries, the rank of sergeant major general became known as simply major general. Background and history The ''maréchal de camp'' rank was the junior of the two officer general ranks of the French Army, the senior being lieutenant general. The rank of brigadier was intermediate between those of colonel and ''maréchal de camp'', but was not considered a general officer rank. Nevertheless, when rank insignia were introduced in the 1770s, the brigadier insignia w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
