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Émile Guépratte
Émile Paul Aimable Guépratte (30 August 1856 – 21 November 1939) was a French admiral. Biography Guépratte was born in Granville to a family of naval officers. He studied at the ''Lycée impérial'' in Brest from 1868, and joined the École Navale on 1 October 1871. He was made an officer on 5 October 1874, and promoted to ''Enseigne de vaisseau'' on 1 December 1877. He served in Tunisia aboard the ''Marengo''. He studied torpedo operations and served on the ''Amiral Duperré'' as a torpedo expert before receiving his first command in 1889. In 1891, he was second officer of the ''Forfait''. He went on to command the gunboat ''Caronade'' in Indochina, the anti-submarine defences of Brest, a destroyer and the cruiser ''Foudre'', rising in rank to ''capitaine de vaisseau''. On 26 May 1906, Guépratte took command of the ''Jeanne d'Arc''. Guépratte was promoted to contre-amiral on 2 September 1912. At the outbreak of the First World War, he led a squadron of old battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granville, Manche
Granville (; Norman: ''Graunville'') is a commune in the Manche department and region of Normandy, northwestern France. The chef-lieu of the canton of Granville and seat of the '' Communes of Granville, Terre et Mer'', it is a seaside resort and health resort of Mont Saint-Michel Bay, at the end of the '' Côte des Havres'', a former cod-fishing port and the first shellfish port of France. It is sometimes nicknamed "Monaco of the North" by virtue of its location on a rocky promontory. The town was founded by a vassal of William the Conqueror on land occupied by the Vikings in the 11th century. The old privateer city and fortification for the defence of Mont Saint-Michel became a seaside resort in the 19th century which was frequented by many artists and equipped with a golf course and a horse racing course. Home of the Dior family of industrialists, an important commune that absorbed the village of Saint-Nicolas-près-Granville in 1962, port and airport of South Manche, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dardanelles
The Dardanelles ( ; ; ), also known as the Strait of Gallipoli (after the Gallipoli peninsula) and in classical antiquity as the Hellespont ( ; ), is a narrow, natural strait and internationally significant waterway in northwestern Turkey that forms part of the continental boundary between Asia and Europe and separates Asian Turkey from European Turkey. Together with the Bosporus, the Dardanelles forms the Turkish Straits. One of the world's narrowest straits used for International waterway, international navigation, the Dardanelles connects the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean Sea, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean seas while also allowing passage to the Black Sea by extension via the Bosporus. The Dardanelles is long and wide. It has an average depth of with a maximum depth of at its narrowest point abreast the city of Çanakkale. The first fixed crossing across the Dardanelles opened in 2022 with the completion of the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge. Most of the northe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Expeditionary Force
The Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF) was the part of the British Army during World War I that commanded all Allied forces at Gallipoli and Salonika. It was formed in March 1915, under the command of General Sir Ian Hamilton, at the beginning of the Gallipoli campaign of the First World War. History The Mediterranean Expeditionary Force included the initial naval operation to force the straits of the Dardanelles. Its headquarters was formed in March 1915. The MEF was originally commanded by General Sir Ian Hamilton until he was dismissed due to the failure of the 29th Division at Gallipoli. Command briefly passed to Lieutenant General Sir William Birdwood, commander of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, but for the duration of the Gallipoli campaign it was General Sir Charles Monro, who had served on the Western Front as a division, corps, and army commander, who led the MEF. While the Gallipoli theatre was the only active Mediterranean theatre, the MEF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John De Robeck
Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Michael de Robeck, 1st Baronet, (10 June 1862 – 20 January 1928) was an officer in the Royal Navy. In the early years of the 20th century he served as Admiral of Patrols, commanding four flotillas of destroyers. De Robeck commanded the allied naval force in the Dardanelles during the First World War. His campaign to force the straits, launched on 18 March 1915, was nearly successful, as the Turkish land-based artillery almost ran out of ammunition. However, mines laid in the straits led to the loss of three allied battleships. The subsequent ground campaign, like the naval campaign, was ultimately a failure and the ground troops had to be taken off the Gallipoli peninsula by de Robeck on the night of 8 January 1916. He went on to become Commander of the 3rd Battle Squadron of the Grand Fleet and then Commander of the 2nd Battle Squadron of the Grand Fleet. After the war de Robeck became Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet and British ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Battleship Gaulois
''Gaulois'' was one of three Charlemagne class battleship, ''Charlemagne''-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy () in the mid-1890s. Completed in 1899, she spent most of her career assigned to the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean (France), Mediterranean Squadron (). The ship accidentally Naval ram, rammed two other French warships early in her career, although neither was seriously damaged, nor was ''Gaulois''. Following the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, ''Gaulois'' escorted troop convoys from French North Africa to France for a month and a half. She was ordered to the Dardanelles in November 1914 to guard against a sortie into the Mediterranean by the ex-German battlecruiser . In 1915, ''Gaulois'' joined British ships in Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign, bombarding Ottoman fortifications. She was badly damaged during one such bombardment in March and had to Beaching (nautical), beach herself to avoid sinking. She was refloated and se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Battleship Bouvet
''Bouvet'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the French Navy that was built in the 1890s. She was a member of a group of five broadly similar battleships, along with , , , and , which were ordered in response to the British . ''Bouvet'' was the last vessel of the group to be built, and her design was based on that of ''Charles Martel''. Like her half-sisters, she was armed with a main battery of two guns and two guns in individual turrets. She had a top speed of , which made her one of the fastest battleships in the world at the time. ''Bouvet'' proved to be the most successful design of the five, and she was used as the basis for the subsequent . Nevertheless, she suffered from design flaws that reduced her stability and contributed to her loss in 1915. ''Bouvet'' spent the majority of her peacetime career in the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean (France), Mediterranean Squadron conducting routine training exercises. This period was relatively uneventful, though she was in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Ocean (1898)
HMS ''Ocean'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the British Royal Navy and a member of the . Intended for service in Asia, ''Ocean'' and her sister ships were smaller and faster than the preceding s, but retained the same battery of four guns. She also carried thinner armour, but incorporated new Krupp steel, which was more effective than the Harvey armour used in the ''Majestic''s. ''Ocean'' was laid down in December 1897, launched in July 1898, and commissioned into the fleet in February 1900. She entered service with the Mediterranean Fleet until January 1901, when she was transferred to the China Station. ''Ocean'' was recalled from China in 1905 for service with the Channel Fleet after a period spent in reserve. From 1908 to early 1910, she was again assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet. She was assigned to the Home Fleet in 1910 and saw little activity until the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914. At the start of the conflict, she was assigned to the 8th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Irresistible (1898)
HMS ''Irresistible''—the fourth British Royal Navy ship of the name—was a pre-dreadnought battleship. The design of these ships were developments of earlier British battleships: they mounted more powerful 40-calibre guns and featured heavier armour protection, all while maintaining the preceding ' top speed of . ''Irresistible'' was laid down in April 1898, was launched in December that year, and was completed in October 1901. Commissioned in 1902, she initially served with the Mediterranean Fleet until April 1908, when she was transferred to the Channel Fleet. Now outclassed with the emergence of the dreadnought class of ships, she entered service with the Home Fleet in 1911 following a refit. In 1912, she was assigned to the 5th Battle Squadron. Following the outbreak of the First World War, ''Irresistible'', along with the squadron, was assigned to the Channel Fleet. After operations with the Dover Patrol, during which she bombarded German forces in northern Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Indefatigable (1909)
HMS ''Indefatigable'' was the lead ship of Indefatigable-class battlecruiser, her class of three battlecruisers built for the Royal Navy during the first decade of the 20th Century. When the First World War began, ''Indefatigable'' was serving with the 2nd Battlecruiser Squadron (United Kingdom), 2nd Battlecruiser Squadron (BCS) in the Mediterranean, where she unsuccessfully pursued the battlecruiser and the light cruiser of the German Imperial Navy as they fled toward the Ottoman Empire. The ship bombarded Ottoman fortifications defending the Dardanelles on 3 November 1914, then, following a refit in Malta, returned to the United Kingdom in February where she rejoined the 2nd BCS. ''Indefatigable'' was sunk on 31 May 1916 during the Battle of Jutland, the largest naval battle of the war. Part of Vice Admiral (Royal Navy), Vice-Admiral David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty, Sir David Beatty's Battlecruiser Fleet, she was hit several times in the first minutes of the "Run to the South" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Indomitable (1907)
HMS ''Indomitable'' was one of three s built for the Royal Navy before World War I and had an active career during the war. She tried to hunt down the German ships and in the Mediterranean when war broke out and bombarded Turkish fortifications protecting the Dardanelles even before the British declared war on Turkey. She helped to sink the German armoured cruiser during the Battle of Dogger Bank in 1915 and towed the damaged British battlecruiser to safety after the battle. She damaged the German battlecruisers and during the Battle of Jutland in mid-1916 and watched her sister ship explode. Deemed obsolete after the war, she was sold for scrap in 1921. Design General characteristics The ''Invincible''-class ships were formally known as armoured cruisers until 1911 when they were redesignated as battlecruisers by an Admiralty order of 24 November 1911. Unofficially a number of designations were used until then, including "cruiser-battleship", "dreadnought cruiser" an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Battleship Vérité
''Vérité'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the French Navy in the mid-1900s. She was the second member of the , which included three other vessels and was a derivative of the preceding , with the primary difference being the inclusion of a heavier secondary battery. ''Vérité'' carried a main battery of four guns, like the ''République'', but mounted ten guns for her secondary armament in place of the guns of the earlier vessels. Like many late pre-dreadnought designs, ''Vérité'' was completed after the revolutionary British battleship had entered service and rendered her obsolescent. Even before being commissioned into service with the fleet, ''Vérité'' carried President Armand Fallières on a tour of the Baltic Sea in 1908. After formally entering service, ''Vérité'' was assigned to the 2nd Division of the Mediterranean Squadron, based in Toulon. She then embarked on the normal peacetime training routine of squadron and fleet maneuvers and cruises to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
