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Äbdiğapar Janbosynūly
Äbdiğapar Janbosynūly ( Kazakh alphabets#Cyrillic script, Cyrillic: Әбдіғапар Жанбосынұлы; 1870 – 21 November 1919) was a Kazakh revolutionary and military commander who was elected as List of Kazakh khans, Khan of the clan during the Central Asian revolt of 1916. Early life Äbdiğapar Janbosynūly was born in 1870 in Turgay Oblast (Russian Empire), Turgay Oblast, in the Russian Empire. He was part of the clan. He claimed descent from , a Kazakh ''bey'', and received an Madrasa, Islamic education. Prior to the Central Asian revolt of 1916, he was involved in farming and irrigation, and had been responsible for opening a school in his village. Central Asian revolt of 1916 With the beginning of the revolt, Janbosynūly was elected as Khan (title), Khan of the Qypşaq. In this position, he controlled the eastern half of the revolt, with Ospan Şolaqūly controlling the western half, under the Argyn clan. In spite of his theoretical political role, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Kazakh Khans
Starting from the formation of the Kazakhs in the mid-15th century, the Kazakhs khans led both the unified Kazakh Khanate and later the three main Kazakh divisions. Khan (title), Khan is a title for a ruler used by nomadic and semi-nomadic groups throughout Central Asia. The Kazakhs were originally members of the nomadic Uzbek tribes who, under the leadership of Abu'l-Khayr Khan, migrated from the northwestern part of the Dasht-i Qipchaq south towards Transoxiana in the 1430s and 1440s and attacked parts of the Timurid Empire.Bregel, p. 44. Two tribal leaders, Kerei and Janibek, who were themselves descendants of Urus Khan and by extension Genghis Khan, decided to leave the service of Abu'l-Khayr Khan. Those who followed Kerei and Janibek become known as the Uzbek-Kazakhs, ''Kazakh'' being a Turkic word which roughly translates as "vagabond" or "freebooter". Abu'l-Khayr Khan died in 1468, and for the next three decades many of his followers began recognizing the authority of the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argyn
The Argyn () tribe (or clan) is a constituent of the Kazakh ethnicity. The Argyn are a component of the ''Orta jüz'' (Орта жүз; " Middle Horde" or "Middle Hundred"). Kazakhs historically consisted of three tribal federations: the Great ''jüz'' (or Senior ''jüz''), Middle jüz, and Little ''jüz'' (or Junior ''jüz''). Karakhanid scholar Mahmud al-Kashgari glossed ''Arghu'' as "ravine between two mountains", because the Arghu country was located between Taraz and Balasagun. Origin A historical bilingual, yet steadily Turkicizing, people, Basmyls,Maħmūd al-Kašğari. "Dīwān Luğāt al-Turk". Edited & translated by Robert Dankoff in collaboration with James Kelly. In Sources of Oriental Languages and Literature. Part I. (1982). p. 82-83 likely contributed to the ethnogenesis of Argyns because both Basmyls and Argyns occupied roughly the same geographic location, in Beiting Protectorate, where Basmyls made their first recorded appearance and which is now in western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1919 Deaths
Events January * January 1 ** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Bratislava, Pressburg (later Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. ** HMY Iolaire, HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the coast of the Hebrides; 201 people, mostly servicemen returning home to Lewis and Harris, are killed. * January 2–January 22, 22 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army's Caspian-Caucasian Front begins the Northern Caucasus Operation (1918–1919), Northern Caucasus Operation against the White Army, but fails to make progress. * January 3 – The Faisal–Weizmann Agreement is signed by Faisal I of Iraq, Emir Faisal (representing the Arab Kingdom of Hejaz) and Zionism, Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, for Arab–Jewish cooperation in the development of a Jewish homeland in Palestine (region), Palestine, and an Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East. * January 5 – In Germany: ** Spartacist uprising in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1870 Births
Events January * January 1 ** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England. ** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed. * January 3 – Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge begins in New York City. * January 6 – The ''Musikverein'', Vienna, is inaugurated in Austria-Hungary. * January 10 – John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil. * January 15 – A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey (''A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion'' by Thomas Nast for ''Harper's Weekly''). * January 23 – Marias Massacre: U.S. soldiers attack a peaceful camp of Piegan Blackfeet Indians, led by chief Heavy Runner. * January 26 – Reconstruction Era (United States): Virginia rejoins the Union. This year it adopts a Constitution of Virginia#1870, new Constitution, drawn up by John Curtiss Underwood, expanding suffrage to all male citizens over 21, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik party, formally established in 1912, seized power in Russia in the October Revolution of 1917, and was later renamed the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party, and ultimately the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Its ideology, based on Leninism, Leninist and later Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist principles, became known as Bolshevism. The origin of the RSDLP split was Lenin's support for a smaller party of professional revolutionaries, as opposed to the Menshevik desire for a broad party membership. The influence of the factions fluctuated in the years up to 1912, when the RSDLP formally split in two. The political philosophy of the Bolsheviks was based on the Leninist pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orenburg
Orenburg (, ), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies in Eastern Europe, along the banks of the Ural River, being approximately southeast of Moscow. Orenburg is close to the border with Kazakhstan. It was the capital of the Kazakh ASSR from 1920 to 1925. Etymology Several historians have tried to explain the origins of the city's name. It was traditionally accepted that the word "orenburg" means a fortress on the River Or. In all probability, the word combination "orenburg" was proposed by , the founder of the city. In 1734, in accordance with his project, a package of governmental documents was worked out. This was the starting point for Orenburg as a fortress city near the meeting of the Or and Ural rivers. On 7 June 1734, "A Privilege for Orenburg" (tsar's edict) was ordered by Empress Anna Ioannovna. While the construction site of the main fortress changed many times (down the River Ural), the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet (council)
A soviet (, , ) is a workers' council that follows a socialist ideology, particularly in the context of the Russian Revolution. Soviets were the main form of government in the Russian SFSR and the Makhnovshchina. The first soviets were established during the 1905 Revolution in the late Russian Empire. In 1917, following the February Revolution, a state of dual power emerged between the Russian Provisional Government and the soviets. This ended later that year with the October Revolution, during which the Second Congress of Soviets proclaimed itself as the supreme governing body of the country. Because soviets gave the name to the later Soviet Union, they are frequently associated with the state's establishment. However, the term may also refer to any workers' council that is socialist, such as the Irish soviets. Soviets do not inherently need to adhere to the ideology of the Soviet Union. Etymology "Soviet" is derived from a Russian word meaning council, assembly, advi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
February Revolution
The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917. The main events of the revolution took place in and near Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg), the then-capital of Russia, where long-standing discontent with the monarchy erupted into mass protests against food rationing on 23 February Old Style and New Style dates, Old Style (8 March Old Style and New Style dates, New Style). Revolutionary activity lasted about eight days, involving mass demonstrations and violent armed clashes with police and Special Corps of Gendarmes, gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. On 27 February O.S. (12 March N.S.), most of the forces of the capital's garrison sided with the revolutionaries. In the same day, the Russian Provisional Government, made up by left-leaning State Duma (Russ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amangeldi District
Amangeldi (, ) is a district of Kostanay Region in northern Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th .... The administrative center of the district is Amangeldi. Population: Geography Lakes Katpagan, Olzhakol, Zhaltyrsor and Kishi Katpagan are located in the district. There are also numerous smaller salt lakes. References External links * Districts of Kazakhstan Kostanay Region {{KostanayRegion-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan (title)
Khan (, , ) is a historic Turkic peoples, Turkic and Proto-Mongols, Mongolic title originating among nomadic tribes in the Eurasian Steppe#Divisions, Central and Eastern Eurasian Steppe to refer to a king. It first appears among the Rouran and then the Göktürks as a variant of khagan (sovereign, emperor) and implied a subordinate ruler. In the Seljuk Empire, Seljük Empire, it was the highest noble title, ranking above malik (king) and emir (prince). In the Mongol Empire it signified the ruler of a Orda (organization), horde (''ulus''), while the ruler of all the Mongols was the khagan or great khan. It is a title commonly used to signify the head of a Pashtun Pashtun tribes, tribe or clan. The title subsequently declined in importance. During the Safavid Iran, Safavid and Qajar Iran, Qajar dynasty it was the title of an army general high noble rank who was ruling a province, and in Mughal Empire, Mughal India it was a high noble rank restricted to courtiers. After the downfal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrasa
Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , ), sometimes Romanization of Arabic, romanized as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any Educational institution, type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning. In countries outside the Arab world, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the religion of Islam (loosely equivalent to a Seminary, Christian seminary), though this may not be the only subject studied. In an Islamic architecture, architectural and historical context, the term generally refers to a particular kind of institution in the historic Muslim world which primarily taught Sharia, Islamic law and Fiqh, jurisprudence (''fiqh''), as well as other subjects on occasion. The origin of this type of institution is widely credited to Nizam al-Mulk, a vizier under the Seljuk Empire, Seljuks in the 11th century, who was responsible for buildi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
