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Álvaro Gonçalves Pereira
Álvaro Gonçalves Pereira ({{IPA, pt-PT, ˈalvɐɾu ɣõˈsalvɨʃ pɨˈɾɐjɾɐ, lang), Prior of Crato, was born to Gonçalo (Gonçalves) Pereira, 97th Archbishop of Braga (1326-1349) and Teresa Peres Vilarinho. At a very young age, he entered the Order of St. John of the Hospitallers. At Rhodes, at the time seat of the Order, he fought the Turks in the galleys of the Hospitallers so proving his worth that the Grand Master made him Prior of the Hospitallers in Portugal. There he founded the Castle of Amieira, the palaces of Bonjardim and the Monastery of Flor da Rosa, near Crato, the seat of the Order in Portugal. He administered the Order with great zeal and won a brilliant victory at Salado. He was one of the eminent figures of the reigns of Kings Afonso IV, Peter I and Ferdinand I. He died at an advanced age ca 1375. He was the father of the Constable of Portugal, Nuno Álvares Pereira. Offspring Marriage was prohibited by his order, but he had 32 children, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamanca
Salamanca () is a Municipality of Spain, municipality and city in Spain, capital of the Province of Salamanca, province of the same name, located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is located in the Campo Charro comarca, in the Meseta Norte, in the northwestern quadrant of the Iberian Peninsula. It has a population of 144,436 registered inhabitants (National Institute of Statistics (Spain), INE 2017). Its Área funcional estable, stable functional area reaches 203,999 citizens, which makes it the second most populated in the autonomous community, after Valladolid. Salamanca is known for its large number of remarkable Plateresque-style buildings. The origins of the city date back to about 2700 years ago, during the first Iron Age, when the first settlers of the city settled on the Cerro de San Vicente Archaeological Park (Salamanca), San Vicente hill, on the banks of the Tormes. Since then, the metropolis has witnessed the passage of various peoples: Vaccaei, Vett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I Of Portugal
Peter I (; 8 April 1320 – 18 January 1367), known as Peter the Just () or Peter the Cruel (), was King of Portugal from 1357 until his death in 1367. Early life Born on 8 April 1320 in Coimbra, Peter was the fifth child of Afonso of Portugal and his wife, Beatrice of Castile. Of his six siblings, only two – sisters Maria and Eleonor – survived infancy. At six years old, shortly after his father ascended the crown, Peter was granted a retinue of six people, including his butler and tutor Lopo Fernandes Pacheco. First betrothal In October 1327, marriage contracts were negotiated for Peter and Blanche of Castile, granddaughter of Sancho IV of Castile, and Peter's sister Maria and the future Alfonso XI of Castile. Since both Peter and Blanche were minors, the marriage had to wait. Blanche was taken to be raised in Portugal until she was of age for marriage, where she remained for eight years. According to the Chronicle of Pedro I of Portugal by Fernão Lopes, duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1375 Deaths
Year 1375 ( MCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 14 – The Mamluks from Egypt complete their conquest of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Levon V Lusignan of Armenia is imprisoned for several years in Cairo, until a ransom is paid by King John I of Castile. * April 21 – Mujahid Shah succeeds his father, Mohammed Shah I, as ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan Plateau of southern India. * June 18 – The future King John I of Castile marries Eleanor of Aragon. * June 27 – Hundred Years' War: The English, weakened by the plague, lose so much ground to the French that they agree to sign the Treaty of Bruges, leaving them with only the coastal towns of Calais, Bordeaux and Bayonne. * October 24 – Margaret I of Denmark becomes Regent of Denmark after the death of her father, Valdemar IV. Date unknown * The Grand Duchy of Moscow and Tver sign a truce. Tver agrees to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knights Of The Order Of St John
A knight is a person granted an honorary title of a knighthood by a head of state (including the pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church, or the country, especially in a military capacity. The concept of a knighthood may have been inspired by the ancient Greek ''hippeis'' (ἱππεῖς) and Roman ''equites''. In the Early Middle Ages in Western Christian Europe, knighthoods were conferred upon mounted warriors. During the High Middle Ages, a knighthood was considered a class of petty nobility. By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior. Often, a knight was a vassal who served as an elite fighter or a bodyguard for a lord, with payment in the form of land holdings. The lords trusted the knights, who were skilled in battle on horseback. In the Middle Ages, a knighthood was closely linked with horsemanship (and especially the joust) from its origins in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sovereign Military Order Of Malta
The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, and commonly known as the Order of Malta or the Knights of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of a military, chivalric, and noble nature. Though it possesses no territory, the order is often considered a sovereign entity under international law. The Order traces its institutional continuity with the Knights Hospitaller, a chivalric order that was founded about 1099 by the Blessed Gerard in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The order is led by an elected prince and grand master. Its motto is ("Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor"). The government of the Sovereign Order of Malta has a similar structure to state governments. However, it also includes specific features associated with its nature as a lay religious order, as well as particular terminology evolved from nine centuries of history. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martim Gonçalves De Lacerda
{{Infobox noble, type , name = Martim Gonçalves de Lacerda , title = , image = File:Lacerda.png , caption = , alt = , CoA = , more = , succession = , reign = , reign-type = , predecessor = , successor = , suc-type = , spouse = , spouse-type = , issue = , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , styles = , titles = , noble family = , house-type = , father = Diogo Nunes de Serpa , mother = N de La Cerda , birth_date = 14th-century , birth_place = Castile , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date = 15th-century , death_place = Portugal , burial_date = , burial_place = , religion = Roman Catholic , occupation = , me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I Of Portugal
John I ( WP:IPA for Portuguese, [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in 1383–85 crisis, a succession war with Crown of Castile, Castile, preserving his country's independence and establishing the House of Aviz, Aviz (or Joanine) dynasty on the Portuguese throne. His long reign of 48 years, the most extensive of all Portuguese monarchs, saw the beginning of Portugal's overseas expansion. John's well-remembered reign in his country earned him the epithet of Fond Memory (''de Boa Memória''); he was also referred to as "the Good" (''o Bom''), sometimes "the Great" (''o Grande''), and more rarely, especially in Spain, as "the Bastard" (''Bastardo''). Early life John was born in Lisbon as the Royal bastard, natural son of King Peter I of Portugal by a woman named Teresa, who, according to the royal chronicler Fernão Lopes in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I Of Castile
John I (; 24 August 1358 – 9 October 1390) was King of Castile and List of Leonese monarchs, León from 1379 until 1390. He was the son of Henry II of Castile, Henry II and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile. John ascended to the throne in 1379 and in 1383, he married Beatrice of Portugal, Beatrice, the daughter of King Ferdinand I of Portugal. When Ferdinand died that same year, John, aiming to enforce his claim on the Portuguese crown through his wife, brought the country into the 1383–1385 Crisis. His forces faced resistance from Portuguese factions supporting John I of Portugal, John of Aviz. The conflict culminated in the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, where John suffered a defeat, ensuring Portugal's independence. To secure Castile, he married his son Henry to the Catherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, linking the House of Trastámara, Trastámara and House of Plantagenet, Plantagenet dynasties. He died in 1390 when he fell from his horse during a Fantasia ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Aljubarrota
The Battle of Aljubarrota was fought between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile on 14 August 1385. Forces commanded by King John I of Portugal and his general Nuno Álvares Pereira, with the support of English allies, opposed the army of King John I of Castile with its Aragonese and French allies, as well as Genoese mercenaries at São Jorge, between the towns of Leiria and Alcobaça, in central Portugal. The result was a decisive victory for the Portuguese, ruling out Castilian ambitions to the Portuguese throne, ending the 1383–85 Crisis and assuring John as King of Portugal. Portuguese independence was safeguarded and a new dynasty, the House of Aviz, was established. Scattered border confrontations with Castilian troops would persist until the death of John I of Castile in 1390, but these posed no real threat to the new dynasty. Prelude The end of the 14th century in Europe was a time of revolution and crisis, with the Hundred Years' War between the Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Calatrava
The Order of Calatrava (, ) was one of the Spanish military orders, four Spanish military orders and the first Military order (society), military order founded in Kingdom of Castile, Castile, but the second to receive papal approval. The papal bull confirming the Order of Calatrava was given by Pope Alexander III on September 26, 1164. Most of the political and military power of the order had dissipated by the end of the 15th century, but the last dissolution of the order's property did not occur until 1838. Origins and foundation It was founded at Calatrava la Vieja in Kingdom of Castile, Castile, in the twelfth century by St. Raymond of Fitero, as a military branch of the Cistercian family. Rodrigo of Toledo describes the origins of the order: Calatrava is the Arabic name of a castle recovered from the Muslims, in 1147, by the Alfonso VII of Castile, King of Castile, Alfonso VII, called ''el Emperador''. Located in what was then the southernmost border of Castile, this conque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Master (form Of Address)
Master is an English honorific for boys and young men. It is usually abbreviated to MSTR or Mstr. Etymology ''Master'' was used in England for men of some rank, especially "free masters" of a trade guild and by any manual worker or servant employee addressing his employer (his master), but also generally by those lower in status to gentlemen, priests, or scholars. In the Elizabethan period, it was used between equals, especially to a group ("My masters"), mainly by urban artisans and tradespeople. It was later extended to all respectable men and was the forerunner of '' Mister''. The proper title of William Shakespeare's First Folio is pronounced ''Master William Shakespeare's Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies''. After its replacement in common speech by ''Mister'', ''Master'' was retained as a form of address only for boys who had not yet entered society. By the late 19th century, etiquette dictated that men be addressed as ''Mister'', and boys as ''Master''. Current usage in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Álvares Pereira
Dom Pedro Álvares Pereira (; 13?? – 14 August 1385) was a Portuguese noble of the 14th century. He was the son of Marinha Domingues and Álvaro Gonçalves Pereira, to whom he succeed after his death as patriarch of the Pereira family and as Prior of Crato (leader of the Knights Hospitaller in Portugal). He was the older brother of the Constable of Portugal, Dom Nuno Álvares Pereira. He became an ally of Dona Leonor Teles, and during the Portuguese crisis of 1383–1385 he supported the claims to the Portuguese throne of John I of Castile, who would nominate him Master of the Castilian Order of Calatrava. Fighting for John I of Castile, he participated in the Battle of Atoleiros where he was defeated by his brother, Nuno Álvares Pereira, and was one of the few survivors from the Castilian army. In the Battle of Aljubarrota he led a Castilian charge against the Portuguese rearguard, but he died soon after while running away from his brother's army.Jean Froissart, Sainte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
