.404 Jeffery
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.404 Jeffery
The .404 Jeffery is a rifle cartridge designed for hunting large, dangerous game animals, such as the " Big Five" (elephant, rhino, cape buffalo, lion and leopard) of Africa. The cartridge is standardized by the C.I.P. and is also known as .404 Rimless Nitro Express. It was designed in 1905 by London based gunmaker W. J. Jeffery & Co. to duplicate the performance of the .450/400 Nitro Express 3-inch in bolt-action rifles. The .404 Jeffery fired a bullet of .422 in (10.72 mm) diameter of either with a muzzle velocity of and muzzle energy of or with a muzzle velocity of and of energy. It is very effective on large game and is favored by many hunters of dangerous game. The .404 Jeffery was popular with hunters and game wardens in Africa because of its good performance with manageable recoil. By way of comparison, the .416 Rigby and .416 Remington Magnum cartridges fire .416 in (10.57 mm) bullets of 400 gr (26 g) at with a muzzle energy of approximately . These ...
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30-06 Springfield
The .30-06 Springfield cartridge (weaponry), cartridge (pronounced "thirty-Names for the number 0 in English, aught-six" ), 7.62×63mm in metric notation, and called the .30 Gov't '06 by Winchester, was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 and later standardization, standardized; it remained in military use until the late 1970s. In the cartridge's name, ".30" refers to the nominal caliber of the bullet in inches; "06" refers to the year the cartridge was adopted, 1906. It replaced the .30-03 Springfield, 6mm Lee Navy, and .30-40 Krag cartridges. The .30-06 remained the U.S. Army's primary rifle and machine gun cartridge for nearly 50 years before being replaced by the 7.62×51mm NATO and 5.56×45mm NATO, both of which remain in current U.S. and NATO service. The cartridge remains a very popular sporting round, with ammunition produced by all major manufacturers. History In the early-1890s, the U.S. military adopted the smokeless powder .30-40 Krag rimmed cartridge. The ...
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Federal Premium Ammunition
Federal Premium Ammunition is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Czechoslovak Group, located in Anoka, Minnesota. With a workforce of nearly 1,500, Federal manufactures shotshell, centerfire, and Rimfire ammunition, rimfire ammunition and components. History The original Federal Cartridge and Machine Company was founded during the period of increased ammo demand during the First World War, when brothers Harry and Louis Sherman, experienced in the industry, found investors to establish a small plant on the eastern outskirts of Anoka, Minnesota to make shotgun shells. Due to conflicts with investors, the brothers left the company in early 1917 for the American Cartridge Company; seven years later this firm was acquired by Federal. The end of the First World War led to factory's closure in 1920. On April 27, 1922, Charles L. Horn took control of the plant and refounded Federal Cartridge Corporation. Horn launched a distribution plan that involved merchandising Federal products in g ...
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Remington Arms Company
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the ''Remington'' name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group ( Czechoslovak Group). Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world. History 19th century origins The Remington company was founded in 1816. ...
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Winchester Repeating Arms Company
The Winchester Repeating Arms Company was a prominent American manufacturer of repeating firearms and ammunition. The firm was established in 1866 by Oliver Winchester and was located in New Haven, Connecticut. The firm went into receivership in 1931 and was bought by the Western Cartridge Company, a forerunner of the Olin Corporation. The Winchester brand name is still owned by the Olin Corporation, which makes ammunition under that name. The Winchester name is also used under license for firearms produced by two subsidiaries of the Herstal Group – FN Herstal of Belgium and the Browning Arms Company of Ogden, Utah. History Early history Predecessors The ancestor of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company was the Horace Smith and Daniel Wesson partnership of Norwich, Connecticut (not to be confused with the famous Smith & Wesson Revolver Company founded later by the same men). Smith and Wesson acquired Lewis Jennings' improved version of inventor Walter Hunt's 18 ...
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Winchester Super Short Magnum
Winchester Super Short Magnum, or WSSM is a line of rebated bottlenecked centerfire short magnum cartridges introduced by the U.S. Repeating Arms Company (''Winchester Inc''). It is a further development of the Winchester Short Magnum concept utilizing smaller bullets, but of a still higher velocity. History Winchester and Browning partnered to create a new shorter version of the popular WSM (Winchester Short magnum) case. The new "super short" case was to be based on design principles currently proving successful in benchrest competition, such as the 6 mm PPC and 6 mm BR Remington. In 2003 the first cartridges of this design, the .223 and .243 Winchester Super Short Magnums (WSSM), were introduced. The .25 WSSM was added to the family in 2004. None of the cartridges has managed to capture any large market share. This is likely due in part to the fact that all three cartridges have similar performance to existing popular cartridges. In addition, the .223 and .243 version ...
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Winchester Short Magnum
Winchester Short Magnum, or WSM, refers to a family of Rim (firearms), rebated bottlenecked centerfire short magnum Cartridge (firearms), cartridges developed in the early 2000s by the U.S. Repeating Arms Company, the maker of Winchester rifles and one of the oldest firearms manufacturers in the United States. All of the WSM cartridges are inspired on the .404 Jeffery non-belted magnum cartridge which is shortened to fit a short rifle action (such as a .308 Winchester). It was developed by Rick Jamison in 1997-1998 as shown in the 2003 lawsuit Jamison vs. Olin Corporation-Winchester division. Jamison was given 7 patents on the cartridge design. U.S. Repeating Arms Company used the same concept and the same base case in creating its even shorter Winchester Super Short Magnum cartridges, three of which were introduced in 2003 and 2004. Influences 7.82 Lazzeroni Patriot The WSM family was inspired partially by a family of proprietary short magnum cartridges developed in late 1997, ...
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Remington Ultra Magnum
Remington Ultra Magnum, or RUM, refers to a "family" of cartridges developed between 1999 and 2002 by Remington Arms. All of the RUM cartridges are based on the '' .404 Jeffery'' non-belted magnum cartridge. There is a long-case line, as well as a shortened version designed to fit a short rifle A rifle is a long gun, long-barreled firearm designed for accurate shooting and higher stopping power, with a gun barrel, barrel that has a helical or spiralling pattern of grooves (rifling) cut into the bore wall. In keeping with their focus o ... action (such as a .308 Winchester). The long case is very large and provides performance that exceeds existing commercial magnums, such as the .300 Winchester Magnum and .300 Weatherby Magnum. The short design is the same idea as used in the Winchester Short Magnum cartridges. The shorter cartridges are known as Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum, RSAUM, RSUM, or SAUM. The RUM family of cartridges are Delta L problem cartridges, meanin ...
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Belted Magnum
The term belted magnum or belted case refers to any cartridge, but generally a rifle cartridge, with a shell casing that has a pronounced "belt" around its base that continues past the extractor groove. This design originated with the British gunmaker Holland & Holland for the purpose of headspacing certain more powerful cartridges. Non-shouldered (non-"bottlenecked") magnum rifle cartridges especially could be pushed too far into the chamber and thus cause catastrophic failure A catastrophic failure is a sudden and total failure from which recovery is impossible. Catastrophic failures often lead to cascading systems failure. The term is most commonly used for structural failures, but has often been extended to many ot ... of the gun when fired with excessive headspace. The addition of the belt to the casing prevented over-insertion, while allowing smoother feeding from a box magazine compared to a rimmed cartridge. An example of an American adaption of this practice is ...
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Case Head Separation
A firearm malfunction is the failure of a firearm to operate as intended for causes other than user error. Malfunctions range from temporary and relatively safe situations, such as a casing that did not eject, to potentially dangerous occurrences that may permanently damage the gun and cause injury or death. Improper handling of certain types of malfunctions can be very dangerous. Following gun safety rules can prevent firearm malfunctions, and limit the damage inflicted by them if they do occur. Proper cleaning and maintenance of a firearm play a big role in preventing malfunctions. Cartridge malfunctions Case head separation Case head separation occurs when the walls of the casing become thin or fatigued. Upon firing the round, the case separates into two pieces near the head. It is not uncommon with brass that has been reloaded several times. Dud A dud (also a misfire or failure to fire) occurs when the trigger is pulled but the primer or powder in the cartridge malfun ...
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Handloading
Handloading, or reloading, is the practice of making firearm cartridges by manually assembling the individual components ( metallic/ polymer case, primer, propellant and projectile), rather than purchasing mass-assembled, factory-loaded commercial ammunition. (It should not be confused with the reloading of a firearm ''with'' cartridges, such as by swapping detachable magazines, or using a stripper clip or speedloader to quickly insert new cartridges into a magazine.) The term ''handloading'' is the more general term, and refers generically to the manual assembly of ammunition cartridges. ''Reloading'' refers more specifically to handloading using previously fired cases and shotshells. The terms are often used interchangeably however, as the techniques are largely the same, whether the handloader is using new or recycled components. The differences lie in the initial preparation of cases or shells — new components are generally ready to load straight out of the box, w ...
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Wildcat Cartridge
A wildcat cartridge, often shortened to wildcat, is a custom-made cartridge (weaponry), cartridge for which ammunition and/or firearms are not mass-produced. These cartridges are often created as experimental variants to optimize a certain ballistic performance characteristic (such as the power, size, or efficiency) of an existing commercial cartridge, or may merely be intended as novelty items. Developing and using wildcat cartridges does not generally serve a purpose in military or law enforcement; it is more a hobby for serious sport shooting, hunting, gunsmithing and handloading enthusiasts, particularly in the United States. There are potentially endless varieties of wildcat cartridge: one source of gunsmithing equipment has a library of over 6,000 different wildcat cartridges for which they produce equipment such as chamber reamers. Development of a wildcat Often, wildcats are commercially sold rounds that have been modified in some way to alter the cartridge's performance. ...
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280 Jeffery
8 (eight) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9. Etymology English ''eight'', from Old English '', æhta'', Proto-Germanic ''*ahto'' is a direct continuation of Proto-Indo-European '' *oḱtṓ(w)-'', and as such cognate with Greek and Latin , both of which stems are reflected by the English prefix oct(o)-, as in the ordinal adjective ''octaval'' or ''octavary'', the distributive adjective is ''octonary''. The adjective ''octuple'' (Latin ) may also be used as a noun, meaning "a set of eight items"; the diminutive ''octuplet'' is mostly used to refer to eight siblings delivered in one birth. The Semitic numeral is based on a root ''*θmn-'', whence Akkadian ''smn-'', Arabic ''ṯmn-'', Hebrew ''šmn-'' etc. The Chinese numeral, written (Mandarin: ''bā''; Cantonese: ''baat''), is from Old Chinese ''*priāt-'', ultimately from Sino-Tibetan ''b-r-gyat'' or ''b-g-ryat'' which also yielded Tibetan '' brgyat''. It has been argued that, as the cardinal num ...
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