Zarzecze is a village in
Gmina Chybie
Gmina Chybie is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. Its seat is the village of Chybie.
The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2019 its ...
,
Cieszyn County
__NOTOC__
Cieszyn County ( pl, powiat cieszyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Czech and Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result o ...
,
Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.
It has a population of 313 (2008).
It lies on the right southern bank of the
Goczałkowice Reservoir on the river
Vistula. Contemporary territory covers only a small part of the former village existing since the 13th century, as it was inundated during the creation of Goczałkowice Reservoir in the 1950s.
The name is of topographic origin and literally means ''
placebehind a river'' (Polish: ''za rzeką'', whereas ''rzeka'' means ''a river'').
History
It is one of the oldest villages in
Cieszyn Silesia. It was first mentioned in a document of
Bishop of Wrocław
Bishops of the (Breslau )Wrocław Bishopric, Prince-Bishopric (1290–1918), and Archdiocese (since 1930; see Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław for details).
Bishops
* 1000–? – John (Johannes)
* 1051–1062 – Hieronymus
* 1063–1072 ...
issued on 23 May 1223 for
Norbertine Sisters in
Rybnik among villages paying them a
tithe, as ''Zasere''. The name (''Zarzecze'', ''
placebehind a river'', indicates that the primordial settlers came from the northern bank of the Vistula river (most probably from the village of Wisła, contemporary
Wisła Wielka
Wisła Wielka (; german: Groß Weichsel; "Big Vistula") is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pszczyna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Pszczyna and south of th ...
and
Wisła Mała), and it could have been a part of the land that was ceded by Duke
Casimir II the Just
Casimir II the Just ( pl, Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy; 28 October 1138 – 5 May 1194) was a Lesser Polish Duke of Wiślica from 1166–1173, and of Sandomierz after 1173. He became ruler over the Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków and thereby Hig ...
to
Mieszko I Tanglefoot around 1177.
Subsequently it belonged then to the
Duchy of Opole and Racibórz
The Duchy of Opole and Racibórz ( pl, Księstwo opolsko-raciborskie, german: Herzogtum Oppeln und Ratibor) was one of the numerous Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian branch of the royal Polish Piast dynasty. It was formed in 1202 from the u ...
and the
Castellany of
Cieszyn, which was in 1290 formed in the process of
feudal fragmentation of Poland into the
Duchy of Teschen
The Duchy of Teschen (german: Herzogtum Teschen), also Duchy of Cieszyn ( pl, Księstwo Cieszyńskie) or Duchy of Těšín ( cs, Těšínské knížectví), was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn () in Upper Silesia. It was split o ...
, ruled by a local branch of
Silesian Piast dynasty
The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III of Poland. By Bolesław's testament, Władysław was granted Silesia as his h ...
. In 1327 the duchy became a
fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became a part of the Habsburg monarchy.
In years 1573/1577–1594 it belonged to Skoczów-Strumień state country that was split from the Duchy of Teschen but was later purchased back.
After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipality, municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the Districts of Austria, political district of Bielsko and the legal district of Strumień. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 2121 in 1880 to 2529 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (between 98.6% and 99.6%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 33 or 1.4% in 1900), in terms of religion in 1910 majority were Roman Catholics (99.2%), followed by 15 Jews and 2 Protestants.
After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of
Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Second Polish Republic, Poland. It was then Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland.
Most of the former Zarzecze territory was engulfed by waters from the
Goczałkowice Reservoir in 1955, including its centre with the church built in 1789.
People
Folklorist and writer Ludwik Kobiela was born in the village.
Gallery
File:POL Zarzecze Zalane centrum 1.jpg, Village's centre before 1955
File:POL Zarzecze Zalane centrum 2.jpg, Village's centre before 1955
File:POL Zarzecze (powiat cieszyński) Zalany kościół (1906).jpg, The Church of NMP Śnieżnej built in 1789 and drowned in 1955
Footnotes
References
*
{{Cieszyn Silesia
Villages in Cieszyn County
Cieszyn Silesia