Women in dentistry

There is a long history of women in dentistry.

Timeline

16th century

* Unknown, 16th century: In an early copper engraving by Lucas Van Leyden, a traveling dentist can be seen along with a woman acting as his assistant.

18th century

1755: A new law was established to further block women's professional development in the
dental field in which they were prohibited to access dental studies. This did not stop women
from being dental assistants. Furthermore, this job was more and more democratized in
France.

Madame Calais: known as Madeleine-Françoise Calais. The practice of dentistry was unrestricted and used by many charlatans
before the creation of a college and an academy of surgery in 1743. In 1740,
Madeleine-Françoise Calais decided to take the compulsory examination to become a
surgeon and practice her profession under her own name. She passed the tests and was
unanimously approved. But her right to practice was questioned because, apart from
midwives, there were no women who could receive both sexes. But thanks to the argument
about midwives helping to give birth to children of both sexes, the public prosecutor was
convinced and became favorable to the request. She was officially the 1st woman in France
to be declared professional dentist and was able to legally practice dentistry.

Madame Rezé: She recorded all the things she was capable of doing and recommended
people to use a ‘balm’ that was essential for: “cleanses rotting teeth, gets rid of bad odor, by
its detergent and astringent qualities, it solidifies teeth, cures ulcers or small eruptions that
affect gums and it dissipates scurvy humor.”

19th century

* 1814: Josephine Serre became the first woman to receive a dentistry degree from the University of Tartu. Her daughter Marie-Louis Serre later graduated with a dentistry degree in 1829 from the same university.
* 1849: Polonia Sanz y Ferrer becomes the first woman in Spain to be given a license to practice dentistry by a Spanish university.
* 1852: Amalia Assur became the first female dentist in Sweden; she was given special permission from the Royal Board of Health (''Kongl. Sundhetskollegiets'') to practice independently as a dentist, despite the fact that the profession was not legally opened to women in Sweden before 1861.
* 1855: Emeline Roberts Jones became the first woman to practice dentistry in the United States. She married the dentist Daniel Jones when she was a teenager, and became his assistant in 1855.
* 1866: Rosalie Fougelberg received a royal dispensation from Swedish King Charles XV and thus became the first woman in Sweden to officially practice dentistry since the profession had been legally opened to women in Sweden in 1861.
* 1866: Lucy Hobbs Taylor became the first woman to graduate from a dental college ( Ohio Dental College).
* 1869: Henriette Hirschfeld-Tiburtius, born in Germany, became the first woman to take a full college course in dentistry, as Lucy Hobbs Taylor received credit for her time in dental practice before attending dental college. She graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery in 1869. She was the first female dentist in Germany.
* 1874: Fanny A. Rambarger became the second American woman to earn the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery in 1874, when she graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. She worked in Philadelphia and limited her practice to women and children only.
* 1881: Margaret Caro became the first woman to be listed on the Dentists' Register of New Zealand.
* 1886: Margarita Chorné y Salazar became the first female dentist in Mexico.
* 1888: Nicoline Møller became the first female dentist in Denmark.Inger Dübeck: Kvinders retlige stilling. I Den Store Danske. Hentet 7. october 2015
* 1890: Ida Rollins became the first African-American woman to earn a dental degree in the United States, which she earned from the University of Michigan.
* 1892: The Women's Dental Association of the U.S. was founded in 1892 by Mary Stillwell-Kuesel with 12 charter members.
* 1893: Caroline Louise Josephine Wells became the first woman to graduate from the Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario, which made her the first Canadian woman to graduate from any dental school.
* 1895: Lilian Lindsay became the first licensed female dentist in Britain.
* 1898: Emma Gaudreau Casgrain became the first licensed female dentist in Canada.

20th century

* 1904-1905: Faith Sai So Leong, also called Sai So Yeong, became the first Chinese-American woman to graduate from a school of dentistry and become a dentist in the United States. In 1904 she became the first woman of any race to graduate from the College of Physicians and Surgeons (now the University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry). In 1905 she was awarded the Doctor of Dental Surgery from that school, and after a trial of the State Board of Dental Examiners, which delayed the awarding of licenses, she was granted a dental license in August 1905.
* 1907: Frances Dorothy Gray became Australia’s first female Bachelor of Dental Science graduate; she graduated from the Australian College of Dentistry, University of Melbourne, in 1907.
*1907: Mathilde Athenas was the first female dentist to graduate in Réunion.
* 1909: Minnie Evangeline Jordon established the first dental practice in the United States devoted only to pediatric patients.
* 1916: Gillette Hayden served as the first female president of the American Academy of Periodontology.
* 1920: Maude Tanner became the first recorded female delegate to the American Dental Association.
* 1921: During the annual meeting of the American Dental Association (ADA), 12 female dentists met in Milwaukee and formed the Federation of American Women Dentists, now known as the American Association of Women Dentists (AAWD). Their first president was Minnie Evangeline Jordon.
* 1923: Anita Martin became the first woman inducted into the American dental honor society Omicron Kappa Upsilon.
* 1925: Minnie Evangeline Jordon published the first textbook on pedodontics, titled ''Operative Dentistry for Children''.
* 1946: Lilian Lindsay became the first female president of the British Dental Association.
* 1951: Helen E. Myers, a 1941 graduate of Temple University, was commissioned as the U.S. Army Dental Corps' first female dental officer in 1951.
*1961: Etelvina González Martínez was the first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine of the Medical Sciences Campus of the University of Puerto Rico.
* 1965: Badri Teymourtash and Amir Esmael Sondoozi founded Mashhad dental school in 1965 and she became the first female dean of a dental school in 1967.Teymourtash was the first female dentist in Iran.
*1965: Fatima Nazzal became the first female dentist in Palestine upon settling in Ramallah.
* 1975: On July 1, 1975, Jeanne Sinkford became the first female dean of an American dental school when she was appointed the dean of Howard University, School of Dentistry.
* 1975: Jessica Rickert became the first female American Indian dentist in America upon graduating from the University of Michigan School of Dentistry in 1975. She was a member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation, and a direct descendant of the Indian chief Wahbememe (Whitepigeon).
* 1977: The American Association of Dental Schools (founded in 1923 and renamed the American Dental Education Association in 2000) had Nancy Goorey as its first female president in 1977.
* 1988: The American Student Dental Association elected its first female president, N. Gail McLaurin of the Medical University of South Carolina.
* 1991: Geraldine Morrow became the first female president of the American Dental Association.
* 1997: Hazel J. Harper became the first female president of the mericanNational Dental Association.

21st century

* 2001: Marjorie Jeffcoat became the first female editor of The Journal of the American Dental Association.
* 2003: Rear Admiral Carol I. Turner became the first female Chief of the U.S. Navy Dental Corps.
* 2004: Sandra Madison, of Asheville, North Carolina, was elected as the first female president of the American Association of Endodontists.
*2004: Nikki Rubaine-Connell became the first local female to practice dentistry in the British Virgin Islands after having studied abroad.
* 2005: Michele Aerden became the first female president of the FDI World Dental Federation.
* 2007: Laura Kelly became the first female president of the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry.
* 2008: Beverly Largent, a pediatric dentist from Paducah, Kentucky, became the first female president of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry.
* 2008: Valerie Murrah became the first female president of the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology.
* 2008: Paula Jones became the first female president of the Academy of General Dentistry.
* 2008: Deborah Stymiest of Fredericton was elected as the first female president of the Canadian Dental Association.
* 2008: Susan Bordenave-Bishop became the first female president of the Academy of Dentistry International.
* 2009: Kathleen T. O'Loughlin, of Medford, Massachusetts, became the first female executive director of the American Dental Association.
* 2011: Angella Tahani, the first qualified female dentist from Solomon Islands, Tikopia, began serving as a Chief Dental Officer.
* 2013: Gayle Glenn was elected as the first female president of the American Association of Orthodontists.
*2019: Charlecia Moore is considered the first local female to work as a dentist in the Cayman Islands.

See also

*List of first women dentists by country
*Women in dentistry in the United States

References

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Further reading

* ''100 Years of Women in the Dental Profession in the UK, 1918-2018'', by Janine Brooks. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019.

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