Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei'
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elm
cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...
''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Wredei', also known as ''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Dampieri Aurea' and sometimes marketed as Golden Elm, originated as a sport of the cultivar 'Dampieri' at the Alt-Geltow Arboretum, near
Potsdam Potsdam () is the capital and, with around 183,000 inhabitants, largest city of the German state of Brandenburg. It is part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. Potsdam sits on the River Havel, a tributary of the Elbe, downstream o ...
, Germany, in 1875. Not to be confused with two other popular cultivars named 'Golden Elm', ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Lutescens' and ''Ulmus'' 'Louis van Houtte'.


Description

The tree is fastigiate when young, but like its parent 'Dampieri' can become more spreading with age. It has broad, crinkled leaves clustered on short shoots; when these are young they are suffused yellow, but as the tree ages they revert to green. File:Ulmus x hollandica 'Wredei' Morningside Road, Edinburgh (1).jpg, Young 'Dampieri Aurea',
Morningside, Edinburgh Morningside is a district and former village in the south of Edinburgh, Scotland. It lies alongside the main arterial Morningside Road, part of an ancient route from Edinburgh to the south west of Scotland. The original village served severa ...
File:Wredei leaves.jpg, Long shoots


Pests and diseases

'Wredei' is susceptible to
Dutch elm disease Dutch elm disease (DED) is caused by a member of the sac fungi (Ascomycota) affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease was accidentally introduced into Americas, America ...
.


Cultivation

'Wredei' was distributed by the
Louis van Houtte Louis Benoît van Houtte (29 June 1810, in Ypres – 9 May 1876, in Ghent) was a Belgian horticulturist who was with the Jardin Botanique de Brussels between 1836 and 1838 and is best known for the journal '' Flore des Serres et des Jardins d ...
and
Späth Spaeth, Spæth, or Späth is a surname, and may refer to: Spaeth *Barbette Spaeth (born ?), American professor and Roman mythology expert *Diana Palmer (author) (born Susan Spaeth, 1946), American romance novelist *George Spaeth (born 1932), Amer ...
nurseries in the late 19th century (Louis van Houtte described it in 1881 as a "superbe nouveauté").''Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre''
''Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2'', p.303
Späth supplied one tree, as ''U. montana fastigiata aurea'', to the
Dominion Arboretum The Dominion Arboretum (french: Arboretum du Dominion) is an arboretum part of the Central Experimental Farm of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Originally begun in 1889, the Arboretum covers about of rolling land ...
, Ottawa, in 1893, and three in 1902 to the
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies ...
in 1902 as ''U. montana fastigiata Dampieri Wredei''. 'Dampieri Aurea' appears in the 1902 catalogue of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery,
Rutherford, New Jersey Rutherford is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 18,834. Rutherford was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on September 21, 1881, fr ...
, and in Kelsey's 1904 catalogue, New York. ''Ulmus Wredei aurea'' was introduced to Australia in the early 20th century. 'Wredei' is currently one of the most popular
elm Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus ''Ulmus'' in the plant family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North ...
s on sale in Europe owing to its colourful foliage and modest size. For the 'Golden Elm' at
Great Dixter Great Dixter is a house in Northiam, East Sussex, England. It was built in 1910–12 by architect Edwin Lutyens, who combined an existing mid-15th century house on the site with a similar structure brought from Benenden, Kent, together with his ...
Gardens, Northiam, East Sussex, apparently miscalled 'Dampieri Aurea' by the horticulturalist
Christopher Lloyd Christopher Allen Lloyd (born October 22, 1938) is an American actor. He has appeared in many theater productions, films, and on television since the 1960s. He is known for portraying Dr. Emmett "Doc" Brown in the ''Back to the Future'' tril ...
, see ''U. minor'' 'Dicksonii'.


Notable trees

In the UK, the Tree Register of the British Isles (TROBI) Champion is at Blakers Park, Brighton, measuring 17 m high and 57 cm
d.b.h. Diameter at breast height, or DBH, is a standard method of expressing the diameter of the trunk or bole of a standing tree. DBH is one of the most common dendrometric measurements. Tree trunks are measured at the height of an adult's breast, ...
in 2009, when the leaf colour was reverting to green.


Etymology

The tree is named for Joseph Wrede (1831–1912), Royal Horticultural Inspector at the Royal State Nursery, Alt-Geltow, Potsdam, and curator of the Alt-Geltow Arboretum.''Gartenkultur in Brandenburg und Berlin''. Herausgegeben vom Ministerium für LUR des Landes Brandenburg.


Synonymy

*''Ulmus campestris'' 'Wredei' Hort. ex Lauche, ''Deutsch. Dendr.'' 347 (1880). *''Ulmus carpinifolia'' var. ''Dampieri'' f. ''Wredei'' Juhlke *''Ulmus dampieri'' 'Wredei': Krüssmann, in Parey's ''Blumengartn'', ed. 2.1: 519, 1958. *''Ulmus dampieri'' var. ''Wredei'': Juhlk

in ''Hamburg Gart.- & Blumenzeit'', 33: 485, 1877. *''Ulmus Dippeliana'' f. ''Wredei'' (Hort.) Schneider
''Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde'', 1:218, fig. 136p, 1904
*''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Dampieri Aurea' *''Ulmus montana'' var. ''Dampieri aurea'' Wrede ex Jaeger & Beissner , ''Ziergeh.'' ed. 2, 403 (1884). *''Ulmus montana'' var. ''Dampieri Wredei'' Ruempler, ''Gartenbau-Lex''. 930(1890). - Rehder in Miller's ''Deutsch Gartn.-Zeit.'' 13: 160, fig. (1898). *''Ulmus montana'' var. ''fastigiata aurea'' Hort. ex Nicholson ''Kew Hand-list Trees Shrubs'', 2: 141 (1896). *''Ulmus montana pyramidalis Wredei'' – ''Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2'' *''Ulmus scabra'' var. ''Dampieri'' var. ''Wredei'' (Juhlke) Hartwig ''Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch'' 393 (1892). *''Ulmus nitens'' f. ''Wredei'' Rehder in ''Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft'' 24(1915): 218 (1916). *''Ulmus foliacca'' var. ''Wredei'' Rehder in Bailey, ''Stand. Cvcl. Hort.'' 6: 3413 (1917). *''Ulmus Wreedi aurea'': Leach, e
''Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society of London'', 16: lxi, 1893


Accessions

;North America *
Dominion Arboretum The Dominion Arboretum (french: Arboretum du Dominion) is an arboretum part of the Central Experimental Farm of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Originally begun in 1889, the Arboretum covers about of rolling land ...
, Canada. No details available. *
Morton Arboretum The Morton Arboretum, in Lisle, Illinois, United States, is a public garden, and outdoor museum with a library, herbarium, and program in tree research including the Center for Tree Science. Its grounds, covering 1,700 acres (6.9 square kilometres ...
,
Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rockf ...
, US. Acc. no. 269–57 (as Smooth-leaved Elm, ''U. carpinifolia'' 'Wredei') ;Europe *
Brighton & Hove Brighton and Hove () is a city and unitary authority in East Sussex, England. It consists primarily of the settlements of Brighton and Hove, alongside neighbouring villages. Often referred to synonymously as Brighton, the City of Brighton and ...
City Council, UK.
NCCPG Plant Heritage, formerly known as the National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens (NCCPG), is a botanical conservation organisation in the United Kingdom and a registered charity. It was founded in 1978 to combine the talents of b ...
Elm Collectio

listed as ''U. minor'' 'Wredei'. Old tree in Blakers Park; newly planted trees at Wild Park and Withdean. *
Grange Farm Arboretum The Grange Farm Arboretum is a small private arboretum comprising 3 hectares accommodating over 800 trees, mostly native and ornamental species or cultivars, notably oaks, ashes, walnuts and elms, growing on a calcareous loam.Ostler, J. (2009) ...
,
Lincolnshire Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs.) is a Counties of England, county in the East Midlands of England, with a long coastline on the North Sea to the east. It borders Norfolk to the south-east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south-we ...
, UK. Acc. no. 525 (as ''Ulmus wredei'' 'Aurea') *Hortus Botanicus Nationalis,
Salaspils Salaspils (; german: Kircholm; sv, Kirkholm) is a town in Latvia, the administrative centre of Salaspils Municipality. The town is situated on the northern bank of the Daugava river, 18 kilometers to the south-east of the city of Riga. His ...
, Latvia. Acc. no. 18119 (as ''U × hollandica'' 'Dampieri Aurea') *
Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (Nor ...
Gardens,
Wisley __NOTOC__ Wisley is a village and civil parish in Surrey, England between Cobham and Woking, in the Borough of Guildford. It is the home of the Royal Horticultural Society's Wisley Garden. The River Wey runs through the village and Ockham and ...
, UK. No details available. * South Park Gardens, Wimbledon,
London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
, UK. TROBI champion: 14 m high, 59 cm
d.b.h. Diameter at breast height, or DBH, is a standard method of expressing the diameter of the trunk or bole of a standing tree. DBH is one of the most common dendrometric measurements. Tree trunks are measured at the height of an adult's breast, ...
in 2001.Johnson, Owen (ed.) (2003). ''Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland''. Whittet Press, *
University of Copenhagen The University of Copenhagen ( da, Københavns Universitet, KU) is a prestigious public research university in Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1479, the University of Copenhagen is the second-oldest university in Scandinavia after Uppsala Unive ...
Botanic Gardens, Denmark. No details available. * Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands. Elm collection. 2 planted (around 1980) playground Rembrand van Rijnlaan, Loosdrecht. ;Australasia * Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria (Melbourne), AustraliaRBGV (Melbourne) Elm list *
Ballarat Botanical Gardens The Ballarat Botanical Gardens Reserve, located on the western shore of picturesque Lake Wendouree, in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, covers an area of 40 hectares which is divided into three distinct zones. The central Botanical Gardens reserve ...
, Australia. Listed on the Significant Tree Register of the
National Trust The National Trust, formally the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, is a charity and membership organisation for heritage conservation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. In Scotland, there is a separate and ...
. *
Eastwoodhill Arboretum Eastwoodhill is the national arboretum of New Zealand. It covers and is located 35 km northwest of Gisborne, in the hill country of Ngatapa. It was founded in 1910 by William Douglas Cook. Cook's life work would become the creation of a g ...
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Gisborne, New Zealand, Gisborne, New Zealand. One tree (as ''U. minor'' 'Wredei'), details not known.


Nurseries

Widely available.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ulmus x hollandica 'Wredei' Dutch elm cultivar Ulmus articles with images Ulmus Ulmus Edinburgh Spath 1902