Ukrainian presidential election, 1999
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Presidential elections A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public. Chile The pr ...
were held in Ukraine on 31 October 1999, with a second round on 14 November. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p. 1976. The result was a victory for Leonid Kuchma, who defeated
Petro Symonenko Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko ( uk, Петро́ Микола́йович Симоне́нко; born 1 August 1952) is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the Co ...
in the run-off.


Electoral system

At the time of election the population in Ukraine was 50,105,600 with 34,017,400 living in cities. The most districts contained the
Donetsk Oblast The Donetsk Oblast ( ukr, Донецька область, Donetska oblast, ), also referred to as Donechchyna ( ukr, Донеччина, links=no), is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. It is Ukraine's most populous province, with around 4.1 mill ...
(23) as the most populous one, the least electoral districts among oblasts were in the Chernivtsi Oblast, only 4. The city of Kyiv had 12 electoral districts and Sevastopol - 2. There also was a special ''out-of-country district'' available for voters who at the moment of elections were not available to vote in Ukraine.


Registration

There were 32 individuals who submitted their documents for registration as pretenders on candidate to the President of Ukraine. Out of them 19 pretenders were registered with the
Central Election Commission of Ukraine The Central Election Commission of Ukraine ( uk, Центральна виборча комісія України, commonly abbreviated in Ukrainian as ЦВК (''Tse-Ve-Ka''); sometimes referred to as the Central Electoral Commission of Ukrai ...
to run for presidential elections, the rest 13 were denied in registration.


Registered candidates

*
Oleksandr Bazylyuk Presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 31 October, 21 November and 26 December 2004. The election was the fourth presidential election to take place in Ukraine following independence from the Soviet Union. The last stages of the elect ...
, by Slavic Party * Hennadiy Balashov, by group of voters (
Dnipro Dnipro, previously called Dnipropetrovsk from 1926 until May 2016, is Ukraine's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants. It is located in the eastern part of Ukraine, southeast of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv on the Dnieper Rive ...
petrovsk) *
Ivan Bilas Ivan () is a Slavic male given name, connected with the variant of the Greek name (English: John) from Hebrew meaning 'God is gracious'. It is associated worldwide with Slavic countries. The earliest person known to bear the name was Bulgari ...
, by Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists * Nataliya Vitrenko, by Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine * Mykola Haber, by Patriotic Party of Ukraine *
Yuriy Karmazin Yurii Karmazin ( uk, Юрій Анатолійович Кармазін; 21 September 1957 – 9 November 2022) was a Ukrainian politician and judge. Karmazin served four terms as a People's Deputy of Ukraine. Biography Born on 21 September ...
, by
Motherland Defenders Party The Motherland Defenders Party ( uk, Партія захисників Вітчизни) is a political party in Ukraine registered in July 1997.Vitaliy Kononov , image = Vitaliy Kononov.jpg , caption = , nationality = Soviet (until 1991) Ukrainian , birth_date = , birth_place = Kobuleti, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union , death_date = , death_place = , spouse = , profess ...
, by Party of Greens of Ukraine * Yuriy Kostenko, by group of voters ( Kyiv) * Leonid Kuchma, by group of voters ( Kyiv) * Yevhen Marchuk, by Bloc "Our President - Yevhen Marchuk!" ( Social-Democratic Union, Christian-People's Union, Ukrainian Republican Party, Ukrainian Peasant Democratic Party) * Oleksandr Moroz, by Socialist Party of Ukraine * Hryhoriy Novodvorsky, by group of voters (Dashiv, Vinnytsia Oblast) *
Volodymyr Oliynyk Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, Volodýmyr, , orv, Володимѣръ) is a Ukrainian given name of Old East Slavic origin. The related Ancient Slavic, such as Czech, Russian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. form of the name is Володимѣръ ...
, by group of voters ( Kirovohrad) * Vasyl Onopenko, by Ukrainian Social Democratic Party *
Mykhailo Pavlovsky Mykhailo or Mykhaylo ( uk, Михайло) is a Ukrainian given name, equivalent to English Michael. Notable people with the name include: *Mykhaylo Berkos (1861–1919), Russian and Ukraine artist of Greek origin *Mykhailo Bolotskykh (born 1960), ...
, by group of voters ( Khmelnytskyi) * Oleksandr Rzhavsky, by All-Ukrainian Political Association "One Family" *
Petro Symonenko Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko ( uk, Петро́ Микола́йович Симоне́нко; born 1 August 1952) is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the Co ...
, by
Communist Party of Ukraine The Communist Party of Ukraine, Abbreviation: KPU, from Ukrainian and Russian "" is a banned political party in Ukraine. It was founded in 1993 as the successor to the Soviet-era Communist Party of Ukraine which was banned in 1991 (accord ...
* Oleksandr Tkachenko, by
Peasant Party of Ukraine The Peasant Party of Ukraine (, ''Selyans'ka Partiya Ukrayiny'', SelPU) is an agrarian and socialist political party in Ukraine. It was created in 1992 as a successor of the Communist Party of Ukraine that was temporarily outlawed in 1991. At t ...
* Hennadiy Udovenko, by
National Movement of Ukraine The People's Movement of Ukraine ( uk, Народний Рух України, Narodnyi Rukh Ukrayiny) is a Ukrainian political party and first opposition party in Soviet Ukraine. Often it is simply referred to as the Movement ( uk, Рух, Rukh ...
''Notes:'' * Udovenko and Kostenko initially were denied in registration, but on May 21, 1999 both were registered.


Registration denied

* Mykola Havrylov *
Borys Holodyuk Borys is a name of Bulgarian names, Bulgarian origin, equivalent to the Bulgarian-derived spelling Boris (given name), Boris. It may refer to: *Borys Baranets (born 1986), professional Ukrainian football midfielder who plays for FC Lviv in the Ukra ...
, by group of voters (Monastyrets, Lviv Oblast) * Volodymyr Huba, by group of voter ( Kyiv) * Valentyna Datsenko, by All-Ukrainian Party of Female Initiatives *
Tetyana Zadorozhna Tetyana or Tetiana ( uk, Тетяна, ) is the Ukrainian variation on the female Slavic name Tatiana. Sportspeople Athletics * Tetyana Bonenko (born 1976), Ukrainian sprinter * Tetyana Dorovskikh (born 1961), retired middle distance runner * Tet ...
, by group of voters ( Shakhtarsk) *
Oleh Kalashnikov Oleh may refer to: * Oleh, Delta * Common Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukrain ...
, by group of voters ( Kyiv) *
Valeriy Korotkov Valeriy Oleksandrovych Korotkov ( uk, Валерій Олександрович Коротков; 28 October 1951 – 22 July 2021) was a Ukrainian oligarch, businessman and football president for FC Desna Chernihiv and FC Veres Rivne. Biograp ...
, by Women National Party (united) *
Dmytro Korchynsky Dmytro Oleksandrovych Korchynsky ( uk, Дмитро Олександрович Корчинський; born 22 January 1964) is a Ukrainian writer, poet, militant, and political activist who is the former leader of the far-right Ukrainian Natio ...
, by group of voters (Pohoriltsi,
Chernihiv Oblast Chernihiv Oblast ( uk, Черні́гівська о́бласть, translit=Chernihivska oblast; also referred to as Chernihivshchyna, uk, Черні́гівщина, translit=Chernihivshchyna) is an oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. T ...
) *
Pavlo Lazarenko Pavlo Ivanovych Lazarenko ( uk, Павло Іванович Лазаренко; born 23 January 1953) is a Ukrainian former politician, convicted criminal, and international fugitive who served as Prime Minister of Ukraine from 1996 to 1997. Bo ...
, by
Hromada A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukra ...
* Oleksandr Pukhkal, by group of voters (Mykolaivka, Kirovohrad Oblast) *
Marian Roketsky Marian may refer to: People * Mari people, a Finno-Ugric ethnic group in Russia * Marian (given name), a list of people with the given name * Marian (surname), a list of people so named Places *Marian, Iran (disambiguation) * Marian, Queenslan ...
, by group of voters (
Ivano-Frankivsk Ivano-Frankivsk ( uk, Іва́но-Франкі́вськ, translit=Iváno-Frankívśk ), formerly Stanyslaviv ( pl, Stanisławów ; german: Stanislau), is a city located in Western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Ivano-Frankivsk O ...
) * Andriy Taranenko, by group of voters ( Kyiv) * Volodymyr Yurchenko, by group of voters ( Kyiv)


Candidates

All pretenders were required to collect signatures to become candidates. In the process ten pretenders were not able to gather the required signatures, while six were reinstated on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. Later another two registered candidates withdrew. *
Oleksandr Bazylyuk Presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 31 October, 21 November and 26 December 2004. The election was the fourth presidential election to take place in Ukraine following independence from the Soviet Union. The last stages of the elect ...
, initially denied in registration, Bazylyuk was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 11, 1999 * Nataliya Vitrenko * Mykola Haber, initially denied in registration, Haber was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 9, 1999 *
Yuriy Karmazin Yurii Karmazin ( uk, Юрій Анатолійович Кармазін; 21 September 1957 – 9 November 2022) was a Ukrainian politician and judge. Karmazin served four terms as a People's Deputy of Ukraine. Biography Born on 21 September ...
, initially denied in registration, Karmazin was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 16, 1999 *
Vitaliy Kononov , image = Vitaliy Kononov.jpg , caption = , nationality = Soviet (until 1991) Ukrainian , birth_date = , birth_place = Kobuleti, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union , death_date = , death_place = , spouse = , profess ...
, initially denied in registration, Kononov was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 12, 1999 * Yuriy Kostenko * Leonid Kuchma * Yevhen Marchuk * Oleksandr Moroz *
Volodymyr Oliynyk Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, Volodýmyr, , orv, Володимѣръ) is a Ukrainian given name of Old East Slavic origin. The related Ancient Slavic, such as Czech, Russian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. form of the name is Володимѣръ ...
* Vasyl Onopenko, , initially denied in registration, Onopenko was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 6, 1999 * Oleksandr Rzhavsky, , initially denied in registration, Rzhavsky was granted candidate status on decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of August 10, 1999 *
Petro Symonenko Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko ( uk, Петро́ Микола́йович Симоне́нко; born 1 August 1952) is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the Co ...
* Oleksandr Tkachenko * Hennadiy Udovenko ''Notes:'' * On October 27, 1999 Oliynyk and Tkachenko withdrew from the election campaign.


Kaniv four

Since the summer of 1999 there was a sharp competition among the candidates. Four candidates Yevhen Marchuk, Oleksandr Moroz,
Volodymyr Oliynyk Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, Volodýmyr, , orv, Володимѣръ) is a Ukrainian given name of Old East Slavic origin. The related Ancient Slavic, such as Czech, Russian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. form of the name is Володимѣръ ...
(mayor of Cherkasy), and Oleksandr Tkachenko (speaker of Verkhovna Rada) met in Kaniv and called on all candidates to just and honest elections. The "Kaniv Four" had intentions to present a single candidate who would have more chances for success. It however failed to do so and no one else joined them neither.
Volodymyr Oliynyk Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, Volodýmyr, , orv, Володимѣръ) is a Ukrainian given name of Old East Slavic origin. The related Ancient Slavic, such as Czech, Russian, Serbian, Croatian, etc. form of the name is Володимѣръ ...
being promoted by Kirovohrad city residents, on October 27 surrendered his candidacy in favor of Yevhen Marchuk, while Oleksandr Tkachenko favored
Petro Symonenko Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko ( uk, Петро́ Микола́йович Симоне́нко; born 1 August 1952) is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the Co ...
(leader of
Communist Party of Ukraine The Communist Party of Ukraine, Abbreviation: KPU, from Ukrainian and Russian "" is a banned political party in Ukraine. It was founded in 1993 as the successor to the Soviet-era Communist Party of Ukraine which was banned in 1991 (accord ...
).


Conduct

According to historian Serhy Yekelchyk President Kuchma's administration "employed electoral fraud freely" during the election.


Results

In the first round the most oblasts and the out-of-country district were won by Leonid Kuchma. In seven oblasts the top candidate was Petro Symonenko mostly in the centre and south. Oleksandr Moroz managed to become the leader in the more agrarian oriented
Poltava Poltava (, ; uk, Полтава ) is a city located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine. It is the capital city of the Poltava Oblast (province) and of the surrounding Poltava Raion (district) of the oblast. Poltava is administratively ...
and Vinnytsia Oblasts. Nataliya Vitrenko took the peak of the candidate list in the
Sumy Oblast Sumy Oblast ( uk, Сумська́ о́бласть, translit=Sumska oblast; also referred to as Sumshchyna – uk, Су́мщина) is an oblast (province) in the northeastern part of Ukraine. Population: The oblast was created in its most r ...
.


Notes

During the election campaign Kuchma was supported by the Bloc "Our Choice – Leonid Kuchma!"Soskin, O.
L. Kuchma at power – Ukraine in decline
Institute of Society Transformation.


References


Bibliography

* Fritz, D. V. ''"State-Building: A Comparative Study of Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, and Russia"''. Central European University Press. Budapest 2008.


External links


Ukrainian presidential election, 1999
Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine The Central Election Commission of Ukraine ( uk, Центральна виборча комісія України, commonly abbreviated in Ukrainian as ЦВК (''Tse-Ve-Ka''); sometimes referred to as the Central Electoral Commission of Ukrai ...
website. *
Handbook on preparation to the Foreign Independent Evaluation (ZNO) on history of Ukraine
'. www.history.vn.ua * Romanyuk, A.S., Skochilias, L.S., and others

Lviv: TsPD, 2010. * Tantsiura, V
Political history of Ukraine

Yulia Tyshchenko, Ukrainian Independent Center of Political Studies

1999 Presidential elections
Central Electoral Commission. Kiev 2000
1999 Presidential elections: how it was. Part 2
Freedom of speech in Ukraine. {{Ukrainian elections
Presidential President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese fu ...
1999 File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shootin ...
October 1999 events in Europe November 1999 events in Europe Leonid Kuchma