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Tuni is a city in
Kakinada district Kakinada district is a district in the Coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Kakinada as its administrative headquarters, it was proposed on 26 January 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty six districts in the ...
of the
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n state of
Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...
. It is a second biggest city in kakinada district. It is a major commercial marketing center for more than 100 surrounding villages in the district. Tuni is a border point for the district of
Kakinada Kakinada ( formerly called Kakinandiwada, Coringa, and Cocanada; ) is the sixth largest city of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and serves as the district headquarters of the Kakinada District. It lies on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. J. ...
. It is known for mango production, with nearly 250 varieties being exported from the area. Tuni is also famous for the production of betel leaves and jute bags. A variety of cashew nuts are also produced in Tuni.


History

Tuni as a historical site may date back to the 1st century CE in connection with
Buddhism Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religions, Indian religion or Indian philosophy#Buddhist philosophy, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha. ...
, which flourished in the nearby hillocks and villages such as
Gopalapatnam Gopalapatnam is a neighborhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. The neighborhood is considered to be the major residential and commercial area in the district. It is located within the jurisdiction of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corp ...
, Satyavaram and Kummarilova, near the city of Tuni on the banks of the Thandava River. The Buddhist monks would have resided in Kummarilova village (Kummararam) from the 2nd century CE to 6th century CE and propagated Buddhism. The Buddhist 'aramas' and 'stupas' found in the village are testimony for their presence, they said. This village is called 'Panchasheela Buddhist Centre' as five Buddhist '
stupas A stupa ( sa, स्तूप, lit=heap, ) is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (such as ''śarīra'' – typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation. In Buddhism, circumamb ...
' have been found here. Archaeology authorities found a Buddhist site at Kummarilova during a general survey carried out recently in the area. Under the Kshatriyas of Vatsavai Dynasty, it was a Pargana (a sub-division in 15th century) in Keemarseema. After the division it became the capital of Kottam Estate. Tuni has been a famous marketplace since the 19th century CE. The Tuni Railway station had an important prominence on the Howrah- Madras railway line during the time of
British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...
and after Independence. Raja Kalasala is one of the oldest schools in Tuni, with a history of more than 100 years. A prominent guerrilla war fighter during the
Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged ...
, Alluri Sitarama Raju, studied here. A statue of him was built at a junction.


Demographics

As per the 2019 census, Tuni Municipality had population of 234,900, of which 123,246 were males while 111,574 were females. The literacy rate within Tuni city is 77.40%, higher than the state average of 67.02%. The male literacy rate of 82.79%, while the female literacy rate is 72.38%.


Geography

Tuni is at 17.35°N 82.55°E. It has an average elevation of 16 metres (46 ft)


Climate


Economy

A famous, and one of the oldest, sugar factories of Andhra Pradesh "Tandava Sugars" is here. A large number of handloom industries, about 20 cashew nut industries, hetero industries, and 10 other chemical industries are in and around Tuni.


Assembly constituency

Tuni is an assembly constituency (consisting of mandals:
Kotananduru Kota-nand-uru is a village in Kakinada district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous c ...
, Tuni and
Thondangi Thond-angi or Tond-angi is a village and a Subdivisions of India, Mandal in Kakinada district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Geography Tondangi is located at . It has an average elevation of 11 meters (39 feet). References

Vil ...
) in Andhra Pradesh. There were registered voters in Tuni constituency in the 1999 elections.


Transport

National Highway 16 Route 16, or Highway 16, can refer to: International * Asian Highway 16 * European route E16 * European route E016 Australia  - Thompsons Road (Victoria)     - South Australia Canada ;Parts of the Trans-Canada Highway: *Yellowhead H ...
, a part of
Golden Quadrilateral The Golden Quadrilateral ( hi, स्वर्णिम चतुर्भुज, Svarnim Chaturbhuj; abbreviated GQ) is a national highway network connecting several major industrial, agricultural and cultural centres of India. It forms a ...
highway network, bypasses the town. The
Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) is the state-owned road transport corporation in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Its headquarters is located at NTR Administrative Block of RTC House in Pandit Nehru bus station of V ...
operates bus services from Tuni bus station. Tuni is located on Howrah-Chennai main line.
Rajahmundry Airport Rajahmundry Airport is a domestic airport located at Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located on National Highway 516E. During 1985–1994, it was used by Vayudoot. It is heavily used by the helicopters of Oil and Natural Gas Corpo ...
is located west-southwest of Tuni.
Visakhapatnam Airport Visakhapatnam Airport is a customs airport in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It also operates as a civil enclave on an Indian Navy airbase named INS ''Dega''. It lies between the city localities of NAD X Road and Gajuwaka. The airpor ...
is situated approximately the same distance northeast of Tuni.


Education

Primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. Instruction is available in both English and Telugu.


Notable people

* Alluri Sita Rama Raju, a freedom fighter * Avasarala Ramakrishna Rao, a
Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...
short story writer * Vempati Sadasiva Brahmam, a
Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...
writer A writer is a person who uses written words in different writing styles and techniques to communicate ideas. Writers produce different forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, books, poetry, travelogues, p ...
of film stories, dialogues and lyrics, in the early period of Telugu cinema. *
Chandra Sekhar Yeleti Chandra Sekhar Yeleti (born 4 March 1973) is an Indian film director known for his works in Telugu cinema. He made his directorial debut with the Neo-noir crime film, ''Aithe'', which received the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Te ...
,
Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...
film director


References

{{Kakinada district Cities and towns in Kakinada district