Timeline of Isfahan
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The following is a timeline of the
history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...
of the city of
Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...
,
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
.


Prior to 16th century

*c. 538 BC - Jews settle in Isfahan * 771 - Friday Mosque established in Yahudiyya (approximate date). Retrieved 8 February 2017 * 1051 - Isfahan besieged by Seljuk forces of
Tughril Abu Talib Muhammad Tughril ibn Mika'il ( fa, ابوطالب محمد تغریل بن میکائیل), better known as Tughril (; also spelled Toghril), was a Turkmen"The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turk ...
; city becomes capital of the
Seljuk Empire The Great Seljuk Empire, or the Seljuk Empire was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian tradition, Turko-Persian, Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim empire, founded and ruled by the Qiniq (tribe), Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks. It spanned a total are ...
. * 1070 - Nezamiyeh Madrasa built (approximate date). * 1107 - Chihil Dukhtaran (minaret) erected. * 1194 - Khwarazmian Ala ad-Din Tekish in power. * 1226 - City sacked by Mongol forces. * 1228 - City besieged by Mongol forces again. * 1240/1241 - Isfahan taken by Mongol forces. * 1325 - Emamzadeh Jafar (tomb/shrine) built. * 1341/1342 - Shaikh Abu Esḥāq Inju becomes governor of Isfahan. * 1356 - Amir Mobārez-al-Din Mo-ḥammad Moẓaffari becomes governor of Isfahan. * 1387 - Isfahan besieged by forces of
Timur Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...
.


16th-19th centuries

* 1503 - Safavid Ismail I in power. * 1598 - Isfahan becomes capital of the
Safavid Empire Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...
; Abbas I of Persia in power. * 1602 ** Si-o-seh pol (bridge) built to newly developed New Julfa. ** Maydān-i shāh (square) laid out. * 1619 -
Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque ( fa, مسجد شیخ لطف الله) is one of the masterpieces of Iranian architecture that was built during the Safavid Empire, standing on the eastern side of Naqsh-i Jahan Square, Isfahan (city), Esfahan, Iran. Const ...
built. * 1627 - Armenian
Bedkhem Church Holy Bethlehem Church of New Julfa or Bedkhem Church, (Armenian: , Persian: ), is an Armenian Apostolic church in the Julfa quarter in Isfahan, Iran. One of the most important historical churches of the city, it belongs to the Abbas I era. The ...
built in New Julfa. * 1630 -
Shah Mosque The Shah Mosque ( fa, مسجد شاه) is a mosque located in Isfahan, Iran. It is located on the south side of Naghsh-e Jahan Square. It was built during the Safavid dynasty under the order of Shah Abbas I of Persia. It is regarded as one of ...
built (approximate date). * 1647 - Chehel Sotoun palace construction begins. * 1650 -
Khaju Bridge The Khaju Bridge ( fa, پل خواجو, ) is one of the historical bridges on the Zayanderud, the largest river of the Iranian Plateau, in Isfahan, Iran. Serving as both a bridge and a weir, it links the Khaju quarter on the north bank with the Zo ...
built. * 1660 - Ālī Qāpū (palace) built (approximate date). * 1670 -
Hasht Behesht Hasht Behesht (, ), literally meaning "the Eight Heavens" in Persian, is a 17th-century pavilion in Isfahan, Iran. It was built by order of Suleiman I, the eighth shah of Iran's Safavid Empire, and functioned mainly as a private pavilion. It is ...
palace built. * 1722 - Siege of Isfahan by Afghan forces. * 1736 - Persian capital relocated from Isfahan to
Mashhad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of R ...
. * 1804/1805 - Famine. * 1836/1837 - Unrest. * 1848/1849 - Unrest. * 1869 - Isfahan economy affected by opening of the
Suez Canal The Suez Canal ( arz, قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ, ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia. The long canal is a popular ...
in Egypt. * 1872 - Famine. * 1874 -
Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan ( fa, مسعود میرزا ظل‌السلطان, "Mass'oud Mirza the Sultan's Shadow"; 5 January 1850 in Tabriz – 2 July 1918 in Isfahan), or Massud Mirza, was a Persian prince of the Qajar dynasty; he was known ...
becomes governor of Isfahan. * 1882 - Population: 73,634.


20th century

* 1919 - ''
Zaban-e Zanan ''Zaban-e Zanan'' ( fa, زبان زنان, italic=yes, English meaning: ''Women's Voice'') was a radical women's periodical, published in Iran from 18 July 1919 until 1 January 1921, and edited by activist Sediqeh Dowlatabadi. History and profile ...
'' women's magazine begins publication. * 1920 - Population: 80,000 (approximate estimate). * 1921 - Waṭan textile factory in business. * 1941 - Population: 204,598. * 1946 -
University of Isfahan The University of Isfahan (UI) (Persian: دانشگاه اصفهان Dāneshgāh-e Esfāhān) is a state-operated university located in Isfahan, Iran. It is ranked among the top 10 universities in Iran. The university is located on Azadi square ...
established. * 1953 -
Sepahan F.C. Foolad Mobarakeh Sepahan Sport Club ( fa, باشگاه فرهنگی ورزشی فولاد مبارکه سپاهان اصفهان, ''Bâšgâh-è Varzeši-ye Fulâd-è Mobârake-ye Sepâhân''), commonly known as Sepahan S.C., are an Iranian spor ...
(football club) formed. * 1959 - Hamadāniān cement factory in business. * 1966 - Population: 424,045. * 1970s - Polyacryl Iran Corporation established.( en) * 1971 - Āryāmehr steel mill begins operating near city. * 1973 - Naqsh-e jahan derby (football contest) begins. * 1976 - Population: 661,510. * 1977 - Ālī Qāpū, Chehel Sotoun, and
Hasht Behesht Hasht Behesht (, ), literally meaning "the Eight Heavens" in Persian, is a 17th-century pavilion in Isfahan, Iran. It was built by order of Suleiman I, the eighth shah of Iran's Safavid Empire, and functioned mainly as a private pavilion. It is ...
palaces
restored ''Restored'' is the fourth studio album by American contemporary Christian music musician Jeremy Camp. It was released on November 16, 2004 by BEC Recordings. Track listing Standard release Enhanced edition Deluxe gold edition Standard ...
. * 1977 - Isfahan University of Technology established. * 1979 -
Naqsh-e Jahan Square Naqsh-e Jahan Square ( fa, میدان نقش جهان ''Maidān-e Naghsh-e Jahān''; trans: "Image of the World Square"), also known as the Shah Square (میدان شاه) prior to 1979, is a square situated at the center of Isfahan (city), Isfah ...
designated an UNESCO
World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
. * 1983 - becomes mayor.( fa) * 1984 -
Isfahan International Airport Isfahan Shahid Beheshti International Airport ( fa, فرودگاه بین‌المللی شهید بهشتی اصفهان) is an international airport serving the city of Isfahan, Iran. Overview The airport is named in honor of Shahid Behesh ...
opens. * 1986 - Population: 986,753. * 1996 - Population: 1,266,072. * 1999 - February:
Local election In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct vary ...
held.


21st century

* 2003 **
Naghsh-e Jahan Stadium Naghsh-e-Jahan Stadium (, ''Varzešgâh-è Naqš-è Jahân'' - ''Image of the World Stadium''), is a stadium in Isfahan, Iran Construction finished on October 31, 2016 and it became the new stadium of the association football, football club Sepah ...
opens. ** becomes mayor.( fa) * 2011 - Population: 1,756,126. * 2013 - 14 June:
Local election In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct vary ...
held. * 2014 - City becomes part of newly formed national administrative Region 2. * 2015 **
Isfahan Metro Isfahan Metro is a rapid transit system serving the city of Isfahan, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the wes ...
begins operating. **
Mehdi Jamalinejad Mehdi Jamalinejad ( fa, مهدی جمالی‌نژاد, born 1970) is an Iranian writer, conservative politician and the previous Mayor of Yazd city. He was elected as Mayor of Isfahan from June 21, 2015, to August 22, 2017, succeeding Morteza Sag ...
becomes
mayor of Isfahan List * Seyyed Hosein Alavi (1979–1981) * AbdoulHosein Seyfollahi (1981) * Hassan Derakhshandeh Pour (1981–1983) * Mohammad-Hassan Malekmadani (1983–1990) * Hamid Reza Nikkar (1990–1992) * Hamid Reza Azimian (1992–1997) * Mohamm ...
.


See also

* Isfahan history ( fr) * Other names of Isfahan * List of mayors of Isfahan ( fa) * List of historical structures in Isfahan Province *
Timelines A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representi ...
of other cities in Iran: Bandar Abbas, Hamadan,
Kerman Kerman ( fa, كرمان, Kermân ; also romanization of Persian, romanized as Kermun and Karmana), known in ancient times as the satrapy of Carmania, is the capital city of Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 821,394, in ...
,
Mashhad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of R ...
,
Qom Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its popul ...
,
Shiraz Shiraz (; fa, شیراز, Širâz ) is the List of largest cities of Iran, fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars province, Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars (Sasanian province), Pars () and Persis. As o ...
,
Tabriz Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...
,
Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
,
Yazd Yazd ( fa, یزد ), formerly also known as Yezd, is the capital of Yazd Province, Iran. The city is located southeast of Isfahan. At the 2016 census, the population was 1,138,533. Since 2017, the historical city of Yazd is recognized as a Worl ...


References

''This article incorporates information from the
Persian Wikipedia The Persian Wikipedia ( fa, ویکی‌پدیای فارسی, Wikipediā, Dānešnāme-ye Āzād, Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia) is the Persian language version of Wikipedia. The Persian version of Wikipedia was started in December 2003. As o ...
and
German Wikipedia The German Wikipedia (german: Deutschsprachige Wikipedia) is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Founded on March 16, 2001, it is the second-oldest Wikipedia (after the English Wikipedia), ...
.''


Bibliography


in English

Published prior to 19th century * Published in the 20th century * * * * * * * * * * Eckart Ehlers. "Capitals and spatial organization in Iran: Esfahân, Shirâz, Tehran," in Chahryar Adle and Bernard Hourcade, eds., Téhéran: Capitale bicentenaire, (Paris and Teheran: Institut Français de Recherche en Iran, 1992), pp. 155–172. * * * Stephen P. Blake. Half the World: A Social Architecture of Safavid Isfahan, 1590-1722 (Costa Mesa, Cal.: Mazda, 1999) *
part 2
2001 Published in the 21st century * * * * * * Sussan Babaie. Isfahan and Its Palaces: Statecraft, Shiʿism, and the Architecture of Conviviality in Early Modern Iran. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2008 * * * * * * *


in other languages

* (Biographical dictionary written in 10th century CE) * (Written in 11th century CE) * (Biographical dictionary written in 11th century CE) * * * * circa 1920s? * * * H. Gaube and E. Wirth. Der Bazar von Isfahan, Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Beihefte B/22, Wiesbaden, 1978. * * (Special issue on Isfahan)


External links

* (Includes multiple articles) * (Bibliography)
Items related to Isfahan
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various dates (via Digital Public Library of America) * * {{Years in Iran Years in Iran Isfahan
Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...
History of Isfahan Province