flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

APG II The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...

APG III APG is an abbreviation with several different meanings: * Aberdeen Proving Ground, a United States Army installation in Aberdeen, Maryland, also ** Phillips Army Airfield, the airfield of the above, from its IATA airport code * Aboriginal Provisiona ...

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

Tilioideae ''Tilioideae'' is a flowering plant subfamily in the family Malvaceae, though it was formerly considered a large group, placed at family rank and called Tiliaceae. Within the framework of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Groups III & IV systems, an ...

Brownlowioideae Brownlowioideae is a subfamily of the botanical family Malvaceae. The genera in this subfamily used to be a part of the paraphyletic Tiliaceae until taxonomic revisions in part by the APG II system The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...

Grewioideae Grewioideae is a subfamily of the family Malvaceae and was first described by Hochreutiner. The group is named after its type genus, '' Grewia'', which is named for the English scientist Nehemiah Grew (1641-1712). It contains a number of gener ...

lime Lime commonly refers to: * Lime (fruit), a green citrus fruit * Lime (material), inorganic materials containing calcium, usually calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide * Lime (color), a color between yellow and green Lime may also refer to: Botany ...

APG II system The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

Bombacaceae Bombacaceae were long recognised as a family of flowering plants or Angiospermae. The family name was based on the type genus ''Bombax''. As is true for many botanical names, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point ...

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae was a family of flowering plant based on the genus ''Sterculia''. Genera formerly included in Sterculiaceae are now placed in the family Malvaceae, in the subfamilies: Byttnerioideae, Dombeyoideae, Helicteroideae and Sterculioideae. A ...

Tilioideae ''Tilioideae'' is a flowering plant subfamily in the family Malvaceae, though it was formerly considered a large group, placed at family rank and called Tiliaceae. Within the framework of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Groups III & IV systems, an ...

Grewioideae Grewioideae is a subfamily of the family Malvaceae and was first described by Hochreutiner. The group is named after its type genus, '' Grewia'', which is named for the English scientist Nehemiah Grew (1641-1712). It contains a number of gener ...

Cladistically Cladistics (; ) is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The evidence for hypothesized relationships is typically shared derived char ...

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of conver ...

circumscription Circumscription may refer to: *Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) *Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthrop ...

Abatia ''Abatia'' (syn. ''Raleighia'' Gardner) is a genus of about ten species of Central and South American trees in the family Salicaceae (following the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification). Previously, it was treated in the family Flacourti ...

Heliocarpus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae. It was formerly classified in the Tiliaceae. Species * ''Heliocarpus americanus'' * ''Heliocarpus popayanensis'' * ''Heliocarpus terebinthaceus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genu ...

Corchorus ''Corchorus'' is a genus of about 40–100 species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Different common names are used in different contexts, with jute applying to the f ...

Grewia ''Grewia'' is a large flowering plant genus in the mallow family Malvaceae, in the expanded sense as proposed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. Formerly, Grewia was placed in either the family Tiliaceae or the Sparrmanniaceae. However, these ...

Sloanea ''Sloanea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae, comprising about 150 species. Species include: * '' Sloanea acutiflora'' Uittien * '' Sloanea assamica'' Rehder & E. Wilson * ''Sloanea australis'' Benth. & F.Muell., an ...

Vatica ''Vatica'' is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. Species , ''Plants of the World Online'' accepted the following species: * '' Vatica abdulrahmaniana'' * '' Vatica acrocarpa'' * '' Vatica adenanii'' * '' Vatica affinis'' * ...

Berrya ''Berrya'' is a genus of evergreen trees with fibrous bark from Southeast Asia and the Pacific Region. The plants are valuable for their timber. The flowers are showy, with large tight clusters of green flowers. Cultivation Trees from ''Berrya' ...

APG II system The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

Gyrostemonaceae Gyrostemonaceae is a family of plants in the order Brassicales The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system. One character common to many members ...

Sloanea ''Sloanea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae, comprising about 150 species. Species include: * '' Sloanea acutiflora'' Uittien * '' Sloanea assamica'' Rehder & E. Wilson * ''Sloanea australis'' Benth. & F.Muell., an ...

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeaocarpaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family contains approximately 615 species of trees and shrubs in 12 genera."Elaeocarpaceae" In: Klaus Kubitzki (ed.). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' vol. VI. Springer-Verlag: Be ...

Vatica ''Vatica'' is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. Species , ''Plants of the World Online'' accepted the following species: * '' Vatica abdulrahmaniana'' * '' Vatica acrocarpa'' * '' Vatica adenanii'' * '' Vatica affinis'' * ...

Thymelaeaceae The Thymelaeaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species.Zachary S. Rogers (2009 onwards)A World Checklist of Thymelaeaceae (version 1) Missouri Botanical Garden Website, St. Louis. It ...

Daphne Daphne (; ; el, Δάφνη, , ), a minor figure in Greek mythology, is a naiad, a variety of female nymph associated with fountains, wells, springs, streams, brooks and other bodies of freshwater. There are several versions of the myth in whi ...

Abatia ''Abatia'' (syn. ''Raleighia'' Gardner) is a genus of about ten species of Central and South American trees in the family Salicaceae (following the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification). Previously, it was treated in the family Flacourti ...

Salicaceae The Salicaceae is the willow family of flowering plants. The traditional family (Salicaceae ''sensu stricto'') included the willows, poplar, aspen, and cottonwoods. Genetic studies summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) have greatly ...

circumscription Circumscription may refer to: *Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) *Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthrop ...

Bentham & Hooker system A taxonomic system, the Bentham & Hooker system for seed plants, was published in Bentham and Hooker's ''Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita'' in three volumes between 1862 and 1883. George Bentham (1 ...

Diplodiscus ''Diplodiscus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae ''sensu lato'' or Tiliaceae. There are about 9 or 10 species. They are trees and shrubs with bell-shaped flowers. Species Species:Pityranthe'' *::: genus 5. '' Christiana'' *::: genus 6. ''

Berrya ''Berrya'' is a genus of evergreen trees with fibrous bark from Southeast Asia and the Pacific Region. The plants are valuable for their timber. The flowers are showy, with large tight clusters of green flowers. Cultivation Trees from ''Berrya' ...

'' *::: genus 7. '' Carpodiptera'' *:: tribus II. Grewieae *::: genus 8. ''

Grewia ''Grewia'' is a large flowering plant genus in the mallow family Malvaceae, in the expanded sense as proposed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. Formerly, Grewia was placed in either the family Tiliaceae or the Sparrmanniaceae. However, these ...

'' *::: genus 9. ''Columbia'' Colona''.html" ;"title="Colona_(plant).html" ;"title="ic, now ''Colona (plant)">Colona''">Colona_(plant).html" ;"title="ic, now ''Colona (plant)">Colona''*::: genus 10. ''Diplophractum'' *::: genus 11. ''Belotia'' *::: genus 12. '' Erinocarpus'' *::: genus 13. '' Triumfetta'' *::: genus 14. ''

Heliocarpus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae. It was formerly classified in the Tiliaceae. Species * ''Heliocarpus americanus'' * ''Heliocarpus popayanensis'' * ''Heliocarpus terebinthaceus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genu ...

'' *:: tribus III. Tilieae *::: genus 15. ''Entelea'' *::: genus 16. ''

Sparrmannia ''Sparrmannia'' is an African genus of plants in the family Malvaceae. Species Plants of the World Online lists the following species as accepted: * ''Sparrmannia africana'' L.f. * ''Sparrmannia palmata'' Baker * ''Sparrmannia ricinocarpa ' ...

'' *::: genus 17. '' Honckenya'' ic,_see_''Clappertonia''.html" ;"title="Clappertonia.html" ;"title="ic, see ''Clappertonia">ic, see ''Clappertonia''">Clappertonia.html" ;"title="ic, see ''Clappertonia">ic, see ''Clappertonia''*::: genus 18. ''

Corchorus ''Corchorus'' is a genus of about 40–100 species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Different common names are used in different contexts, with jute applying to the f ...

'' *::: genus 19. '' Corchoropsis'' *::: genus 20. '' Luehea'' *::: genus 21. ''Mollia (plant), Mollia'' *::: genus 22. '' Trichospermum'' *::: genus 23. '' Muntingia'' *::: genus 24. '' Tilia'' *::: genus 25. '' Leptonychia'' *::: genus 26. ''

Schoutenia ''Schoutenia'' is a genus of flowering plants. It ranges from Indochina through Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, and Northern Australia."''Schoutenia'' Korth.". ''Plants of the World Online'', Kew Science. Accessed 22 August 2021/ref> Traditiona ...

'' *:: tribus IV. Apeibeae *::: genus 27. '' Glypilea'' *::: genus 28. '' Apeiba'' *: series B. Heteropetalae *:: tribus V. Prockieae *::: genus 29. '' Prockia'' *::: genus 30. '' Hasseltia'' *::: genus 31. '' Plagiopteron'' *::: genus 32? '' Ropalocarpus'' *:: tribus VI. Sloanieae *::: genus 33. '' Vallea'' *::: genus 34. ''

Sloanea ''Sloanea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae, comprising about 150 species. Species include: * '' Sloanea acutiflora'' Uittien * '' Sloanea assamica'' Rehder & E. Wilson * ''Sloanea australis'' Benth. & F.Muell., an ...

'' *::: genus 35. '' Echinocarpus'' *::: genus 36. '' Antholoma'' *:: tribus VII. Elaeocarpeae *::: genus 37. '' Aristotelia'' *::: genus 38. ''

Elaeocarpus ''Elaeocarpus'' is a genus of nearly five hundred species of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae native to the Western Indian Ocean, Tropical and Subtropical Asia, and the Pacific. Plants in the genus ''Elaeocarpus'' are trees or shrub ...

'' *::: genus 39. '' Dubouzetia'' *::: genus 40. '' Tricuspidaria'' According to

APG II system The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Gr ...

, the current placement of these genera is perhaps mostly in the

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

sensu lato, but with '' Muntingia'' moved to family Muntingiaceae, while tribes VI and VII form the core of family

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeaocarpaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family contains approximately 615 species of trees and shrubs in 12 genera."Elaeocarpaceae" In: Klaus Kubitzki (ed.). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' vol. VI. Springer-Verlag: Be ...

and tribe V has been moved to the family

Salicaceae The Salicaceae is the willow family of flowering plants. The traditional family (Salicaceae ''sensu stricto'') included the willows, poplar, aspen, and cottonwoods. Genetic studies summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) have greatly ...

sensu lato. The Hutchinson system follows the Bentham & Hooker system rather closely.

Cronquist system

In the

Cronquist system The Cronquist system is a taxonomic classification system of flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) ...

(1981) the family includes some fifty genera, totalling around seven hundred species of trees and shrubs, rarely herbs, with a subcosmopolitan distribution. It may be separated from

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

sensu stricto by the smooth surface of the

pollen grain Pollen is a powdery substance produced by seed plants. It consists of pollen grains (highly reduced microgametophytes), which produce male gametes (sperm cells). Pollen grains have a hard coat made of sporopollenin that protects the gametop ...

s, bilocular anthers, and the stamens free or in bundles (but not monadelphous) *''

Ancistrocarpus ''Ancistrocarpus'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance in ...

'' Oliv. *'' Apeiba'' Aubl. *'' Asterophorum'' Sprague *''

Berrya ''Berrya'' is a genus of evergreen trees with fibrous bark from Southeast Asia and the Pacific Region. The plants are valuable for their timber. The flowers are showy, with large tight clusters of green flowers. Cultivation Trees from ''Berrya' ...

'' Roxb. *'' Brownlowia'' Roxb. *''

Burretiodendron ''Burretiodendron'' is a genus of trees. Traditionally included in the family Tiliaceae, it is included in the expanded Malvaceae in the APG and most subsequent systematics. It contains some species formerly in the (not too closely related) '' P ...

'' Rehder *'' Carpodiptera'' Griseb. *'' Christiana'' DC. *''

Clappertonia ''Clappertonia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae. Its native range is Tropical Africa. Species: *''Clappertonia ficifolia'' *''Clappertonia minor'' *''Clappertonia polyandra'' References

{{Taxonbar, f ...

''

Meisn. Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist. Biography Born in Bern, Switzerland on 1 November 1800, he was christened Meisner but later changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. For most of his 40 ...

*'' Colona'' Cav. *'' Corchoropsis'' Siebold & Zucc. *''

Corchorus ''Corchorus'' is a genus of about 40–100 species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Different common names are used in different contexts, with jute applying to the f ...

'' L. *'' Craigia'' W.W.Sm. & W.E.Evans *'' Desplatsia'' Bocq. *'' Dicraspidia'' Standl. *''

Diplodiscus ''Diplodiscus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae ''sensu lato'' or Tiliaceae. There are about 9 or 10 species. They are trees and shrubs with bell-shaped flowers. Species Species:Duboscia'' Bocquet *'' Eleutherostylis'' Burret *''

Entelea ''Entelea arborescens'' or whau is a species of malvaceous tree endemic to New Zealand. ''E. arborescens'' is the only species in the genus ''Entelea''. A shrub or small tree to 6 m with large lime-like leaves giving a tropical appearance, ...

'' R.Br. *'' Erinocarpus'' Nimmo ex J.Graham *'' Glyphaea'' Hook.f. *'' Goethalsia'' Pittier *''

Grewia ''Grewia'' is a large flowering plant genus in the mallow family Malvaceae, in the expanded sense as proposed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. Formerly, Grewia was placed in either the family Tiliaceae or the Sparrmanniaceae. However, these ...

'' L. *'' Hainania'' Merr. *''

Heliocarpus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae. It was formerly classified in the Tiliaceae. Species * ''Heliocarpus americanus'' * ''Heliocarpus popayanensis'' * ''Heliocarpus terebinthaceus ''Heliocarpus'' is a genu ...

'' L. *'' Hydrogaster'' Kuhlm. *'' Jarandersonia'' Kosterm. *'' Luehea'' Willd. *'' Lueheopsis'' Burret *'' Microcos'' L. *''

Mollia Mollia is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northeast of Turin and about northwest of Vercelli. Mollia borders the following municipalities: Alto Sermenza, Boccioleto, Camper ...

'' Mart. *'' Mortoniodendron'' Standl. & Steyerm. *'' Neotessmannia'' Burret *'' Pentace'' Hassk. *'' Pentaplaris'' L.O.Williams & Standl. *''

Petenaea ''Petenaea cordata'' (from northern Central America) was first described in Elaeocarpaceae and later placed in Tiliaceae, but most authors have been uncertain about its familial affinities. It was considered a taxon ''incertae sedis'' in the Angi ...

'' Lundell *'' Pityranthe'' Thwaites *'' Pseudocorchorus'' Capuron *''

Schoutenia ''Schoutenia'' is a genus of flowering plants. It ranges from Indochina through Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, and Northern Australia."''Schoutenia'' Korth.". ''Plants of the World Online'', Kew Science. Accessed 22 August 2021/ref> Traditiona ...

'' Korth. *'' Sicrea'' (Pierre) Hallier f. *''

Sparrmannia ''Sparrmannia'' is an African genus of plants in the family Malvaceae. Species Plants of the World Online lists the following species as accepted: * ''Sparrmannia africana'' L.f. * ''Sparrmannia palmata'' Baker * ''Sparrmannia ricinocarpa ' ...

'' L.f. *'' Tetralix'' Griseb. *'' Tilia'' L. *'' Trichospermum'' Blume *'' Triumfetta'' L. *'' Vasivaea'' Baill. *'' Westphalina'' A.Robyns & Bamps

External links

Tiliaceae
i
L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz
(1992 onwards) ''The families of flowering plants: descriptions''. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1929656 Malvales families Historically recognized angiosperm families

APG II system

de Candolle system

Bentham & Hooker system

Cronquist system

External links