This is a list of the monarchs of Armenia, for more information on ancient

Armenia Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...

and

Armenians Armenians ( hy, հայեր, '' hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diasp ...

, please see History of Armenia. For information on the medieval Armenian Kingdom in

Cilicia Cilicia (); el, Κιλικία, ''Kilikía''; Middle Persian: ''klkyʾy'' (''Klikiyā''); Parthian: ''kylkyʾ'' (''Kilikiyā''); tr, Kilikya). is a geographical region in southern Anatolia in Turkey, extending inland from the northeastern coa ...

, please see the separate page Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. See

List of kings of Urartu This article lists the kings of Urartu (Ararat or Kingdom of Van), an Iron Age kingdom centered on Lake Van in eastern Asia Minor. Early kings *Arame (also Aramu, Arama) 858 BC–844 BC *Lutipri 844 BC–834 BC (?) Rise to power *Sarduri ...

for kings of

Urartu Urartu (; Assyrian: ',Eberhard Schrader, ''The Cuneiform inscriptions and the Old Testament'' (1885), p. 65. Babylonian: ''Urashtu'', he, אֲרָרָט ''Ararat'') is a geographical region and Iron Age kingdom also known as the Kingdom of V ...

(Ararat), the predecessor state of

Greater Armenia Greater Armenia ( hy, Մեծ Հայք, translit=Mets Hayk) is the name given to the Armenian state that emerged on the Armenian Highlands during the reign of King Artaxias I at the turn of the 2nd century BC. The term was used to refer princ ...

Greater Armenia

This is the historical designation of the largest and longest-lasting Armenian kingdom.

Orontid kings and satraps

In Armenian tradition

Early kings in traditional Armenian chronology according to

Moses of Chorene Movses Khorenatsi (ca. 410–490s AD; hy, Մովսէս Խորենացի, , also written as ''Movses Xorenac‘i'' and Moses of Khoren, Moses of Chorene, and Moses Chorenensis in Latin sources) was a prominent Armenian historian from the late a ...

. ''Note that the early dates are traditional and of uncertain accuracy.'' *

Orontes I Sakavakyats Orontes I Sakavakyats was a legendary king of Armenia, who was the personification of the Orontid dynasty. In historiography Orontes appears in both in the ''Cyropaedia'' of the Greek soldier and historian Xenophon (died 354 BC) and the '' Histo ...

(570–560 BC) *

Tigranes Orontid Tigranes was a legendary Armenian prince, who was a contemporary of the Achaemenid ruler Cyrus the Great (). He appears in both in the ''Cyropaedia'' of the Greek soldier and historian Xenophon (died 354 BC) and the ''History of Armenia'' of the ...

(560–535 BC) *

Vahagn Vahagn or Vahakn ( hy, Վահագն), also known as Vahagn Vishapakagh ( hy, Վահագն Վիշապաքաղ, lit=Vahagn the Dragon-reaper, label=none), is a warrior god in Armenian mythology. Scholars consider him to be either the thunder, or s ...

(530–515 BC) * Hidarnes I (late 6th century BC) * Hidarnes II (early 5th century BC) * Hidarnes III (middle of the 5th century BC) *

Ardashir Ardeshir or Ardashir ( Persian: اردشیر; also spelled as Ardasher) is a Persian name popular in Iran and other Persian-speaking countries. Ardashir is the New Persian form of the Middle Persian name , which is ultimately from Old Iranian ''*Ar ...

(2nd half of the 5th century BC)

Attested satraps

* Orontes (401–344 BC) * Darius Codomannus (344–336 BC)

Yervandian (Yervanduni or Orontid) Dynasty

Orontes II Orontes II (Old Persian: ''*Arvanta-'') was a Persian noble living in the 4th century BC. He is probably to be identified as the satrap of Armenia under Darius III, and may in fact have succeeded Darius in this position when Darius ascended the t ...

(336–331 BC) * Mithranes (331–323 BC) * Neoptolemus Orontid (non-dynastic) (323–321 BC) * Mithranes (331–321 BC) * Orontes III (321–260 BC) * Sames (260–243 BC) *

Arsames Arsames ( peo, 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶 Aršāma, modern Persian:،آرسام، آرشام‎ Arshām, Greek: ) was the son of Ariaramnes and the grandfather of Darius I. He was traditionally claimed to have briefly been king of Persia during the ...

(243–228 BC) * Xerxes (228–212 BC) * Orontes IV (212–200 BC)

Artashesian (Artaxiad) Dynasty

Artaxias I Artaxias I (from gr, Άρταξίας; in hy, Արտաշէս, translit=Artašēs) was the founder of the Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia, ruling from 189 BC to 160 BC. Artaxias was a member of a branch of the Orontid dynasty, the earlier ruling d ...

(190–159 BC) * Artavasdes I (159–123 BC) *

Tigranes I Tigranes I of Armenia ( hy, Տիգրան Ա, grc, Τιγράνης) was an Artaxiad king of Armenia at the end of 2nd and the beginning of 1st century BC. Few records have survived about his and his predecessor Artavasdes I's reign, which has l ...

(123–95 BC) *

Tigranes the Great Tigranes II, more commonly known as Tigranes the Great ( hy, Տիգրան Մեծ, ''Tigran Mets''; grc, Τιγράνης ὁ Μέγας ''Tigránes ho Mégas''; la, Tigranes Magnus) (140 – 55 BC) was King of Armenia under whom the ...

(Tigranes II, 95–55 BC) *

Artavasdes II Artavasdes II ( grc, ΑΡΤΑΒΑΖΔΟΥ ''Artabázēs'') was king of Armenia from 55 BC to 34 BC. A member of the Artaxiad Dynasty, he was the son and successor of Tigranes the Great (). His mother was Cleopatra of Pontus, thus making his matern ...

(55–34 BC) *

Artaxias II Artaxias II,Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.979 also known as Artaxes IIDaryaee, ''The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History'', p.173 and Art ...

(33–20 BC) * Tigranes III (20–10 BC) *

Tigranes IV Tigranes IV (30s BC–1) was a Prince of the Kingdom of Armenia and member of the Artaxiad Dynasty who served as a Roman Client King of Armenia from 8 BC until 5 BC and 2 BC until 1 AD. Family background and early life Tigranes IV was the son b ...

with Erato (10 BC–2 BC)

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: Rome, the capital city of Italy Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD Roman people, the people of ancient Rome '' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
and
Parthia Parthia ( peo, 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 ''Parθava''; xpr, 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 ''Parθaw''; pal, 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 ''Pahlaw'') is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. It was conquered and subjugated by the empire of the Med ...
n non-dynastic candidates

* Ariobarzanes, 2 BC to 4 (Roman protectorate) *

Artavasdes III Artavasdes IV of Armenia; also known as Artavasdes II of Atropatene;Swan, ''The Augustan Succession: An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio’s Roman History, Books 55–56 (9 B.C.–A.D. 14)'', p. 114 Artavasdes II of Media Atropatene and Armeni ...

4 to 6 * Tigranes V, 6 then ruled with Erato 6–12 * Vonones (former king of Parthia) 12–16 (Roman protectorate) *Roman interregnum 16–18 (Vonones as nominal king) *

Artaxias III Artaxias III, also known as Zeno-Artaxias, ( el, Άρταξίας, 13 BC–34 AD) was a Pontic prince and later a Roman Client King of Armenia. Artaxias birth name was Zenon ( el, Ζήνων). He was the first son and child born to Roman Clien ...

18–35 (Roman protectorate) * Arsaces I of Armenia (son of Artabanus III) 35 (Parthian protectorate) *

Orodes of Armenia ''For other Parthian Monarchs of this name, see Orodes'' Orodes of Armenia (flourished 1st century) was a Parthian Prince who served as a Roman Client King of Armenia in 35 and from again 37 until 42. Orodes was the second born son of the Parthi ...

(pretender, son of Artabanus III) 35 * Mithridates 35–37 (Roman protectorate) *Orodes (now king) 37–42 (Parthian protectorate) *Mithridates (second time) 42–51 (Roman protectorate) * Rhadamistus (son of

Pharasmanes I of Iberia Pharasmanes I the Great ( ka, ფარსმან I დიდი) (died 58) was a king of Iberia. He plays a prominent role in the historian Tacitus’ account of policy and campaigns in the eastern lands of the Roman Empire under Tiberius, Cali ...

) 51–53 (Roman protectorate) * Tiridates I (son of Vonones II of Parthia) 53 (Roman protectorate) * Rhadamistus (second time) 53–54 (Roman protectorate)

Arshakuni (Arsacid) Kings of Armenia

* Tiridates I (second time) 52–58 * Tigranes VI 59–62 (Roman protectorate) *Tiridates I 62–88 (Parthian protectorate 62–63; from 63 Armenia again becomes a Roman protectorate) * Sanatruces (Sanatruk) 88–110 * Axidares (Ashkhadar) 110–113 * Parthamasiris (Partamasir) 113–114 *

Roman Province The Roman provinces (Latin: ''provincia'', pl. ''provinciae'') were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was rule ...

114–117/8 * Vologases I (Vagharsh I) 117/8–144 * Sohaemus 144–161 * Bakur 161–164 * Sohaemus (second time) 163/4–186? * Vologases II (Vagharsh II) 186–198 *

Khosrov I Khosrov is a town in the Ararat Province of Armenia. See also * Khosrov Forest State Reserve * Ararat Province Ararat ( hy, Արարատ, ), is a province ('' marz'') of Armenia. Its capital and largest city is the town of Artashat. The pro ...

198–217 * Tiridates II 217–252 * Khosrov II c. 252 * Sassanid Occupation 252–287 ** Artavasdes IV 252–287 Sassanid Client King * Tiridates III 287–330 (Roman protectorate again) * Khosrov III 330–339 * Tigranes VII (Tiran) 339 – c. 350 * Arsaces II (Arshak II) c. 350–368 * Sassanid Occupation 368 * Papas (Pap) 370–374 * Varasdates (Varazdat) 374–378 * Arsaces III (Arshak III) 378–387 with co-ruler Vologases III (Vagharsh III) 378–386 * Khosrov IV 387–389 *

Vramshapuh Vramshapuh ( hy, Վռամշապուհ) was a noble of the Arsacid dynasty who served as the Sasanian client king of Armenia from 389 until his death in 414. He is mainly remembered for presiding over the creation of the Armenian alphabet by Mes ...

389–417 * Local Independent Government 417–422 * Artaxias IV (Artashir IV) 422–428

Presiding Marzbans and Princes of Armenia

Armenian Bagratid kingdom and vassals

Bagratuni dynasty The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty ( hy, Բագրատունի, ) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom of Armenia from c. 885 until 1045. Originating as vassals of the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity, they rose to beco ...

Princes and Kings of Vaspurakan (800–1021)

Artsruni dynasty The Artsruni ( hy, Արծրունի; also transliterated as Ardzruni) were an ancient noble (princely) family of Armenia. Background and history The Artsruni's claimed descent from Sennacherib, King of Assyria (705 BC–681 BC). Although ...
as princes

* 800–836: Hamazasp II, married to a daughter of Ashot Msaker of the Bagratuni family. * 836–852: Ashot I Abulabus, son, 1st time * 852–853: Gurgen I, brother of the above * 853–854: Abu Djafar, probably brother of the above * 854–857: Gurgen II, a distant relative from Mardastan * 857–868: Grigor-Derenik, son of Ashot I, married Sofia, daughter of

Ashot I Bagratuni Ashot or Ashod ( hy, ) is an Armenian given name. Notable persons with that surname include: Kings of the Bagratuni Dynasty *Ashot Msaker (Ashot the Carnivorous) (died 826) *Ashot I of Armenia (Ashot the Great), ruled 884-890 *Ashot II, Ashot Yerk ...

. 1st time * 868–874: Ashot I Abulabus, 2nd time * 874–887: Grigor-Derenik, 2nd time. * 887–898: '' Gagik Abu Morvan Artsruni'', regent for Grigor-Derenik's sons, then usurper from 896 * 898–900: Ashot II Sargis, son of Grigor-Derenik. * ''(Vaspurakan occupied in 900–01 by the Sajid emir

Afshin Afshin ( fa, افشین / ''Afšīn'') is a common Persian given name, which is a modern Persian word derived from Avestan. Afshin was used by the Sogdians. Historically, it was the princely title of the rulers of Osrushana at the time of the ...

)'' ** '' Safi, governor'' * 901–904: Ashot II Sargis, reinstated. After his death Vaspurakan is divided: * 904–908: Gagik III, brother of Ashot II, ruler in northwest Vaspurakan, crowned king 908 * 904–925: Gurgen III, brother of Ashot II, ruler in southeast Vaspurakan.

Artsruni dynasty The Artsruni ( hy, Արծրունի; also transliterated as Ardzruni) were an ancient noble (princely) family of Armenia. Background and history The Artsruni's claimed descent from Sennacherib, King of Assyria (705 BC–681 BC). Although ...
as kings

* 908/25–943: Gagik I (III), brother of Ashot II, ruler in northwest, reunited Vaspurakan 925 * 943–953: Derenik-Ashot I (III), son of the above * 953–972: Abusahl-Hamazasp, brother of the above * 972–983: Ashot II Sahak (IV), son of the above * 983–1003: Gurgen I Khachik (IV), brother of the above, also lord of

Antzevasiq Andzevatsik, or Andzevatciq (in hy, Անձևացիք) was a region of ancient and medieval Armenia c. 400–800 in the South-East of Vaspurakan, ruled by the Antzevatsi family. Andzevatsik was the eleventh ghavar (region) of the province of Va ...

. * 1003–1021: Seneqerim-Hovhannes, brother of the above, also lord of Rechtuniq.

Kings of Syunik (987–1170)

Siunia dynasty The Siuni or Siwni dynasty () was an ancient Armenian princely () dynasty which ruled the province of Siwnikʻ, with which the dynasty shared its name. They were one of the most important and powerful princely houses in antique and early medieval A ...

* 987–998: Smbat I Sahak * 998–1040: Vasak, son of the above * 1040–1044/51: Smbat II, maternal grandson of the above * 1044/51–1072: Grigor I, brother of the above * 1072–1094: Seneqerim, brother-in-law of the above * 1094–1166: Grigor II, son of the above * 1166–1170: Hasan, son-in-law of the above

Kings of Georgia

Bagrationi dynasty The Bagrationi dynasty (; ) is a royal dynasty which reigned in Georgia from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, being among the oldest extant Christian ruling dynasties in the world. In modern usage, the name of the dynasty is som ...
(1118–1476)

*1118–1124: David IV the Builder *1125–1156: Demetrius I *1156–1184:

George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...

*1184–1213: Tamar the Great *1213–1223:

George IV George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from the death of his father, King George III, on 29 January 1820, until his own death ten y ...

*1223–1245: Rusudan *1245–1247: David VI *1247–1270: David VII *1270–1289: Demetrius II the Self-Sacrificer *1289–1292: Vakhtang II *1292–1311:

David VIII David VIII (Georgian language, Georgian: დავით VIII; 1273–1311), from the Bagrationi dynasty, was King of Georgia (country), Georgia in 1292–1302 and 1308-1311. Eldest son of Demetre II of Georgia, Demetre II the Self-sacrificing ...

*1311–1313: George VI Mtsire *1299–1346:

George V the Brilliant George V the Brilliant ( ka, გიორგი V ბრწყინვალე, ''Giorgi V Brtskinvale''; also translated as the ''Illustrious'', or ''Magnificent''; 1286/1289–1346) was King of Georgia from 1299 to 1302 and again from 1314 un ...

*1346–1360: David IX *1360–1393: Bagrat V *1393–1407: George VII *1407–1411:

Constantine I Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to Constantine the Great and Christianity, convert to Christiani ...

*1412–1442:

Alexander I the Great Alexander I the Great (, ''Aleksandre I Didi'') (1386 – between August 26, 1445 and March 7, 1446), of the Bagrationi house, was king of Georgia from 1412 to 1442. Despite his efforts to restore the country from the ruins left by the Turco-Mong ...

*1430:

Qara Iskander Qara Iskandar ( az, قارا اسکندر, italic=no; ) ruled the Qara Qoyunlu or Black Sheep Turcoman tribe from 1420 to 1436. His struggles with the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh show that he was a brave leader, but he was not able to continue deve ...

, ruler of

Kara Koyunlu The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu ( az, Qaraqoyunlular , fa, قره قویونلو), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman "Kara Koyunlu, also spelled Qara Qoyunlu, Turkish Karakoyunlular, En ...

declares himself to be “''Shah-i-Arman''”

Armenians in exile: The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was a state formed in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

by Armenian refugees, who were fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. Poghosyan, S.; Katvalyan, M.; Grigoryan, G. et al. ''Cilician Armenia'' (Կիլիկյան Հայաստան).

Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia The ''Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia'' ( hy, Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան, ''Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran''; ASE) publishing house was established in 1967 as a department of the Institute of History of the Armeni ...

. vol. v. Yerevan, Armenian SSR: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1979, pp. 406–428 It was initially founded by the Rubenian dynasty, an offshoot of the larger Bagratid family that at various times held the thrones of

and

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

. While the Rubenian rulers were initially regional princes, their close ties with the Western world after the

First Crusade The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic r ...

saw the principality recognised as a kingdom under

Leo I The LEO I (Lyons Electronic Office I) was the first computer used for commercial business applications. The prototype LEO I was modelled closely on the Cambridge EDSAC. Its construction was overseen by Oliver Standingford, Raymond Thompson and ...

by the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...

in 1198. The Rubenid dynasty fell in 1252 after the death of the last Rubenid monarch Isabella, and her husband Hethum I became sole ruler, beginning the Hethumid dynasty. After the death of Leo IV in 1341 his cousin was elected to succeed him as Constantine II, the first king of the Lusignan dynasty. The kingdom fell at the beginning of Leo V's reign to the

Mamluk Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...

s, and henceforth title holders were only claimants to the throne.

Charlotte of Cyprus Charlotte (28 June 1444 – 16 July 1487) was the Queen of Cyprus from 1458 until 1464. She was the eldest and only surviving daughter of King John II of Cyprus and Helena Palaiologina. At the age of 14, she succeeded to the Cypriot throne upo ...

ceded the throne to the House of Savoy in 1485, and the title fell out of use until after 1861.

Rubenian dynasty

Hethumid dynasty

Houses of
Lusignan The House of Lusignan ( ; ) was a royal house of French origin, which at various times ruled several principalities in Europe and the Levant, including the kingdoms of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia, from the 12th through the 15th centuries duri ...
and Hethum-Neghir

Claimants

The title is contested by the '' House of Savoy''.

Notes

References

* * * ''Histoire Des Princes de Lusignan, Anciens Rois de Jérusalem, de la Petite Arménie et de Chypre'', St. Petersbourg, Soikine, Stremiannaya 12, 1903. {{DEFAULTSORT:Armenian Kings Lists of monarchs Kings *