In
jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a m ...
, the Tadd Dameron turnaround, named for
Tadd Dameron, "is a very common
turnaround in the jazz idiom",
[Coker, et al (1982). ''Patterns for Jazz: A Theory Text for Jazz Composition and Improvisation'', p.118. .] derived from a typical
I−vi−ii−V turnaround through the application of
tritone substitution of all but the first
chord, thus yielding, in C major:
rather than the more conventional:
The Tadd Dameron turnaround may feature
major seventh chords,
and derive from the following series of substitutions, each altering the
chord quality:
[Bahha and Rollins (2005). ''Jazzology'', p.103. .][Richard Lawn, Jeffrey L. Hellmer (1996). ''Jazz: Theory and Practice'', p.118-19. .]
The last step, changing to the
major seventh chord, is optional.
Dameron was the first composer
to use the turnaround in his standard "
Lady Bird", which contains a
modulation down a
major third
In classical music, a third is a Interval (music), musical interval encompassing three staff positions (see Interval (music)#Number, Interval number for more details), and the major third () is a third spanning four semitones.Allen Forte, ...
(from C to A). This key relation is also implied by the first and third chord of the turnaround, C
M7 and A
M7.
It has been suggested that this motion down by major thirds would eventually lead to
John Coltrane
John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist, bandleader and composer. He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz and 20th-century music.
Born and raise ...
's
Coltrane changes
Coltrane changes (Coltrane Matrix or cycle, also known as chromatic third relations and multi-tonic changes) are a harmonic progression variation using substitute chords over common jazz chord progressions. These substitution patterns were first d ...
.
[Lyon, Jason (2007)]
"Coltrane's Substitution Tunes"
i
The Dameron turnaround has alternately been called the "Coltrane turnaround".
[Scott, Richard J. (2003). ''Chord Progressions For Songwriters'', p.234. .]
Further examples of pieces including this turnaround are
Miles Davis' "
Half-Nelson" and
John Carisi's "
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
".
References
Jazz techniques
Chord progressions
Jazz terminology
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