''Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities'' () is a book by
Diane Halpern published by
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, Routledge, F1000 Research or Dovepress. It is a division of Informa plc, a United Ki ...
in 2000, and now in its fourth edition. Halpern served as president of the
American Psychological Association
The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with over 133,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. It ha ...
in 2004.
Halpern writes that sex differences in cognitive abilities can be caused by a "stereotype threat", defined as "the fear of conforming to a negative stereotype associated with one's group membership, which paradoxically results in the individual behaving in line with the stereotype".
[ Marcus Hausmann, Daniela Schoofs, Harriet E.S. Rosenthal, Kristen Jordan, "Psychoneuroendocrinology", 2009 ] If an individual is made aware of a stereotype then "the activation of stereotypes might explain why the magnitude of sex differences in sex-sensitive cognitive task varies across studies, depending on whether participants gender-stereotypes are activated or not".
See also
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Biology of gender
*
Sex and psychology
Sex differences in psychology are differences in the mental functions and behaviors of the sexes and are due to a complex interplay of biological, developmental, and cultural factors. Differences have been found in a variety of fields such as men ...
References
Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities
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