Serbian-Spanish relations are foreign relations between

Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hungar ...

and

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. Both countries established diplomatic relations on October 14, 1916. Serbia has an embassy in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

. Spain has an embassy in Belgrade. Both countries are member states of the

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...

Interpol The International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO; french: link=no, Organisation internationale de police criminelle), commonly known as Interpol ( , ), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and cri ...

, Council of Europe and

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization with observer status at the United Nations. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, pro ...

. Spain is member state of the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...

since 1986 and Serbia is a candidate country since 2012 negotiating its future membership which Spain is strongly supporting. Spain is member state of

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

alliance while Serbia is a militarily neutral country with strong historical relations with the

Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide. The movement originated in the aftermath o ...

. In relation to third parties, both countries supported position of

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

in its

Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute Sovereignty over the Falkland Islands ( es, Islas Malvinas) is disputed by Argentina and the United Kingdom. The British claim to sovereignty dates from 1690, when they made the first recorded landing on the islands, and the United Kingdom has exe ...

with the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

in the past. Spain is one of five member states of the European Union that does not recognize unilateral declaration of independence of Kosovo and is actively opposing its membership in international organisations such as

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

and Interpol. In addition, Spain is supporting Serbia's insistence on establishment of

Community of Serb Municipalities The Community of Serb Municipalities ( sr, / ), or Association of Serb Municipalities ( sq, Asociacioni i Komunave Serbe, AKS), is a planned self-governing association of municipalities with a Serb majority population in Kosovo. The proposal f ...

in Kosovo as provided by the 2013 Brussels Agreement signed under the auspices of the European Union. Serbia strongly supported Spanish territorial integrity during the 2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis, with Serbian Foreign Minister stating that Spain is one of the best international friends of Serbia.

History

After

Expulsion of Jews from Spain The Expulsion of Jews from Spain was the expulsion from Spain following the Alhambra Decree in 1492, which was enacted in order to eliminate their influence on Spain's large '' converso'' population and to ensure its members did not revert to Jud ...

in 1492 by the

Catholic Monarchs The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon, whose marriage and joint rule marked the ''de facto'' unification of Spain. They were both from the House of Trastámara and were second cousins, being bot ...

ruling Castile and Aragon many

Sephardi Jews Sephardic (or Sephardi) Jews (, ; lad, Djudíos Sefardíes), also ''Sepharadim'' , Modern Hebrew: ''Sfaradim'', Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm, also , ''Ye'hude Sepharad'', lit. "The Jews of Spain", es, Judíos sefardíes (or ), pt, Judeus sefa ...

settled in Balkan provinces of what was then

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

. With the rise of

nationalism Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: The ...

among Orthodox Christians of Ottoman Empire they have organised rebellions against Muslim ruling elite starting with the 1804

Serbian Revolution The Serbian Revolution ( sr, Српска револуција / ''Srpska revolucija'') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman prov ...

against Ottoman rule. Revolution was running in parallel with the

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

. Process of

Decline of the Ottoman Empire In the late eighteenth century, the Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Old Regime) faced numerous enemies. In response to these threats, the empire initiated a period of internal reform which came to be known as the Tanzimat, which succeeded in significant ...

will continue until the end of

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

in 1913 with the gradual reconquest of the Balkan peninsula by newly independent states and southward retreat of Ottoman Empire. In 1882 philosopher and senator Ángel Pulido is writing how one Sephardic merchant at the market in Belgrade told him ''"I am not Spanish from there pain but Spanish from the East."'' In the same year

Milan I of Serbia Milan Obrenović ( sr-cyr, Милан Обреновић, Milan Obrenović; 22 August 1854 – 11 February 1901) reigned as the prince of Serbia from 1868 to 1882 and subsequently as king from 1882 to 1889. Milan I unexpectedly abdicated in ...

was awarded with the

Order of Charles III The Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III, originally Royal and Much Distinguished Order of Charles III ( es, Real y Distinguida Orden Española de Carlos III, originally es, Real y Muy Distinguida Orden de Carlos III) was establ ...

on the occasion of his proclamation as the King of Serbia. In 1895 Đorđe Popović-Daničar have published the first translation of

Don Quixote is a Spanish epic novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615, its full title is ''The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha'' or, in Spanish, (changing in Part 2 to ). A founding work of West ...

into Serbian which according to him was ''"the best novel in the world"''. In his translation undertaking he was helped by Sephardi Jew Hajim Davičo. In 1903

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (, 29 January 1867 – 28 January 1928) was a journalist, politician and bestselling Spanish novelist in various genres whose most widespread and lasting fame in the English-speaking world is from Hollywood films that were ...

arrived at Belgrade on the

Orient Express The ''Orient Express'' was a long-distance passenger train service created in 1883 by the Belgian company ''Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits'' (CIWL) that operated until 2009. The train traveled the length of continental Europe and int ...

service where he stated that city is ''"relatively cosmopolitan, with trams, cafes, and theaters, but full of nervous military men, women wanting to imitate French fashion and drunk orthodox priests"''. Since 1910 Spain had one diplomatic representative in the Kingdom of Serbia, Mr Francisco Serrat i Bonastre, who will stay at that function throughout the Balkan Wars all until the 1914 and the beginning of First World War which began after the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand,

July Crisis The July Crisis was a series of interrelated diplomatic and military escalations among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914, which led to the outbreak of World War I (1914–1918). The crisis began on 28 June 1914, when Gavrilo Pri ...

and

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

declares war on Serbia.

First World War and interwar years

Serbian Campaign of World War I The Serbian campaign was a series of military expeditions launched in 1914 and 1915 by the Central Powers against the Kingdom of Serbia during the First World War. The first campaign began after Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on 28 J ...

resulted in Serbia losing a third of its entire population. After the

Serbian army's retreat through Albania The Great Retreat, also known in Serbian historiography as the Albanian Golgotha ( sr, Албанска голгота / ''Albanska golgota''), was a strategic withdrawal of the Royal Serbian Army, which marked the end of the second Serbian c ...

, which resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, the country's government together with some of its population settled at the Greek island of Corfu. Spain was a neutral power in the war but one which was actively involved in mediation among the conflicting parties. At one point Spain was involved in the provision and protection of 1,500 Serbian children and the release of 100 prisoners of war in Banja Luka in 1917. The Serbian Government on Corfu and Spain established diplomatic relations in 1916 and in the same year the first Serbian ambassador arrived at Madrid. During the interwar years, famous Serbian poet

Jovan Dučić Jovan Dučić ( sr-cyr, Јован Дучић, ; 17 February 1871 – 7 April 1943) was a Herzegovinian Serb poet-diplomat and academic. He is one of the most influential Serbian lyricists and modernist poets. Dučić published his first collec ...

(1919-1921) and

Ivo Andrić Ivo Andrić ( sr-Cyrl, Иво Андрић, ; born Ivan Andrić; 9 October 1892 – 13 March 1975) was a Yugoslav novelist, poet and short story writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1961. His writings dealt mainly with life in ...

(1928-1929, 1961 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature) were serving as ambassadors of the newly founded

Kingdom of Yugoslavia The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...

to Spain. At the same time

Kalmi Baruh Kalmi Baruh ( sr-cyrl, Калми Барух; 26 December 1896 – 1945) was a Bosnian Jewish scholar in the field of Judeo-Spanish language, pioneer of the Sephardic studies and Hispanic studies in former Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Life and ...

was in Spain on scholarship received from the Spanish Government studying for the post-doctoral historical studies in the Spanish center of Historical Studies, Madrid.

Spanish Civil War

Francoist Spain Period

Post-Franco Spanish-Yugoslav relations

The relations between

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yu ...

and Kingdom of Spain were relatively cordial since the end of Francoist period in Spain. They were mostly kept at the diplomatic level as Spain was focusing on its integrations into European Community and NATO. Some among the Spanish politicians were considering the option to follow the Yugoslav

way like

Malta Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...

and

Cyprus Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is ge ...

did at the time. Future Spanish foreign minister

Miguel Ángel Moratinos Miguel Ángel Moratinos Cuyaubé (born 8 June 1951) is a Spanish diplomat and politician, a member of the Socialist Workers' Party and was a member of Congress from 2004 to 2011, where he represented Córdoba. Since 7 January 2019 he is the UN ...

served in Belgrade as a young diplomat in the 1980s. Spanish presence in Yugoslavia would later be transferred to Serbia and would not be completely cut of even during the years of

Sanctions against Yugoslavia A sanction may be either a permission or a restriction, depending upon context, as the word is an auto-antonym. Examples of sanctions include: Government and law * Sanctions (law), penalties imposed by courts * Economic sanctions, typically a ba ...

Yugoslav Wars

In 1991, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Spain

Francisco Fernández Ordóñez Francisco Fernández Ordóñez (22 June 1930 – 7 August 1992) was a Spanish politician who was the minister of foreign affairs in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) government of Felipe González from 1985 until shortly before his de ...

proposed to the Foreign Affairs Council of the European Community to initiate a quick recognition and enlargement procedure with Yugoslavia as the only way to prevent the breakup of the country. Spain preferred to be perceived as the neutral player in the region during the conflict but its foreign policy was generally sympathetic towards Serbia which was perceived as the core state of former multinational and diverse Yugoslav state. It was against Spanish political instincts to recognize independence of Croatia and Slovenia at the time of Breakup of Yugoslavia, yet as a new member state of the European Community country was reluctant to break the European unity. At the time, newly German reunification, united Germany was the strongest advocate of independence for Croatia and Slovenia with all 12 members of the European Community, as well as Austria and Switzerland following German push for recognition.

1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia

Under the leadership of José María Aznar, the Spanish Government had decided that the Spanish Armed Forces would be a part of the coalition enacting the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. Out of 16 NATO member states at the time, 13 took part in the intervention. The member states that did not partake in the bombings were Iceland, which maintained no standing army; Luxembourg with a very small standing army; and Greece as the only major member state which expressed strong opposition to the intervention. 38% of Spanish citizens supported the participation of Spain and 42% of them opposed it. At the same time all of the Spanish List of political parties in Spain, political parties in parliament, with the exception of the radical left which held 23 out of 350 seats, voted in favor of Spanish participation in NATO intervention. Javier Solana was the NATO Secretary-General at the time of intervention. Spanish F-18s were among the first planes to strike targets in Serbia; Aznar's Government supported subsequent interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq as well.

21st Century

On 17 February 2008 Assembly of Kosovo adopted its 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence, second unilateral declaration of independence. Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija was not under ''de facto'' control of Government of Serbia at the time of unilateral declaration of independence and was under the control of the United Nations UNMIK and NATO-led Kosovo Force, KFOR peacekeeping force missions. Spain, together with Greece,

, Romania and Slovakia among the European Union member states refused to recognize independence of Kosovo on the basis of unilateral declaration without agreement reached through the negotiations with the central government in Belgrade fearing the potential consequences of the Kosovo independence precedent for the world order. By mid-September 2009 Spain finished its complete withdrawal from the KFOR mission as it was no longer ‘status-neutral’. The press and experts criticized the withdrawal but 70% of Spanish citizens viewed the withdrawal from Kosovo as a positive move. Two weeks after announcing the withdrawal from KFOR, the Spanish government announced its decision to withdraw the nine Spanish policemen that where part of EULEX mission.

Relations since the beginning of European integrations of Serbia

On 11 January 2009 Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (Spain), Minister of Foreign Affairs of Spain Miguel Angel Moratinos urged the Government of Netherlands to unblock Serbia's Stabilization and Association Agreement with the European Union which at the time was already signed but its implementation had been blocked by the Netherlands. After the Council of the European Union, Council's recommendation of 28 February 2012, Serbia received Future enlargement of the European Union, full candidate status on 1 March. On 28 June 2013 the European Council endorsed the Council of Ministers conclusions and recommendations to open Accession of Serbia to the European Union, accession negotiations with Serbia. Spain is strongly supporting Serbia's accession negotiations. During the 2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis, Serbia expressed strong support for the territorial integrity of Spain and for the actions of Spanish Government. On the meeting of European External Action Service in 2018 Spanish representatives together with some of those from Visegrád Group required to get actively involved in the EU facilitated Belgrade–Pristina negotiations. Serbian president Aleksandar Vučić visited Spain on 23 February 2022, with scheduled meetings with king Felipe VI and prime minister Pedro Sánchez, seeking to seal the purchase of two military aircraft EADS CASA C-295, C-295. On 29 July 2022, in the wake of a visit to the Western Balkans (including Belgrade) of Spanish prime minister Pedro Sánchez and a meeting with Serbian president Aleksandar Vučić, the former stressed the Spanish support to the advance in Accession of Serbia to the European Union, Serbia's EU membership negotiations, also declaring that "international law and the territorial integrity of nations must be respected" in relation to Kosovo.

Cultural relations

Literature

In his novel ''"Danube: A Sentimental Journey from the Source to the Black Sea"'', Italy, Italian novelist Claudio Magris is describing 1734 settlement of Spaniards in the town of Bečkerek in modern-day Vojvodina where they have established a so-called New Barcelona.Claudio Magris, Magris, C. (2013). Dunav. p. 299. Fraktura. Zagreb. Northern Serbian city of Zrenjanin is mentioned in the novel "Waiting for Robert Capa" (under its old name of Petrovgrad) of Spanish author Susana Fortes. Jewish protagonist's brothers who are running from persecution, are settling in Petrovgrad, just on the border with Romanian, because as protagonist claim, there was never tradition of antisemitism in Zrenjanin.

Economic relations

Joint ''Spanish-Serbian Chamber of Commerce'' ( es, Camara de Comercio Hispano-Serbia, sr, Шпанско-српска привредна комора) was established in Madrid on July 6, 2017. As its first president Oscar de la Heras was elected, and Serbian Ambassador in Spain Danko Prokić as its first honorary president.

Bilateral meetings in 2007–2017 period

Spanish officials in Serbia

* 26 February 2007;

(Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) visit to Belgrade and Priština. * 17 and 18 September 2007; Bernat Soria (Minister of Health) attends 57th Session of the Committee Regional Office of WHO in Belgrade. * 10 January 2009; Miguel Ángel Moratinos (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) visit to Belgrade. * 11 December 2009; Miguel Ángel Moratinos (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) visit to Belgrade. * 20 April 2010; Miguel Ángel Moratinos (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) visit to Belgrade. * 28 and 29 March 2011; Diego López Garrido (Secretary of State for the European Union) visit to Belgrade. * 14 June 2011; Trinidad Jiménez (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) visit to Belgrade. * 4-6 September 2011; Juan Antonio Yañez-Barnuevo (Secretary of State for Foreign Relations) attends 50th Anniversary

Meeting in Belgrade. * 14 October 2011; María Luisa Cava de Llano (Acting Ombudsman) visit to Serbia. * 16 March 2012; Miguel Cardena (Secretary of State for Sport) attends XII Conference of the Council of European Ministers of Sport. * 21 and 22 March 2012; Jorge Fernández Díaz (Minister of the Interior) visit to Serbia. * 21 and 22 November 2012; Fernando García Sánchez (Chief of the Defence Staff) visit to Serbia. * 2-4 December 2015; Ignacio Ybáñez (Secretary of State for Foreign Relations) visit to Serbia. * 23 and 24 May 2016; José Manuel García-Margallo (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) together with Fernando Eguidazu (Secretary of State for the European Union) visit to Serbia. * 22 June 2017; Juan López Herrera (Director General for Bilateral Relations with European Union Countries) and José Martín y Pérez de Nanclares (Head of the International Law Division) visit to Serbia. * 20 July 2017; Enrique Mora (Director General for Foreign Policy) visit to Serbia. * 30 November 2017; Jorge Toledo (Secretary of State for the European Affairs) and Juan López Herrera (Director General for Bilateral Relations with European Union Countries) visit to Serbia. * 18-20 July 2017; José Manuel Maza (Attorney General of the State) "Twinning" project closure.

Serbian officials in Spain

* 18 July 2007; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid where he meets with

and José Antonio Alonso. * 9 and 10 October 2007; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) attends OSCE Conference of Ministers of Foreign Relations on the topic of discrimination of Muslims. * 29 and 30 November 2007; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) attends OSCE Conference of Ministers of Foreign Relations and meets Miguel Ángel Moratinos. * 14 December 2007; Dušan Spasojević (Minister of Defense) visit to Madrid where he meets with the State Secretary for Defense. * December 2007; Snežana Malović (Minister of Justice) visit to Madrid. * 15 January 2008; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) attends I Forum of the Alliance of Civilizations and meete with the Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs. * 22 April 2008; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid where he meets with Miguel Ángel Moratinos. * 4 July 2008; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid. * 1 December 2008; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) and Ivica Dačić (Minister of the Interior) visit to Madrid. * 9 March 2009; Boris Tadić (President of Serbia) and Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid. * 23 February 2010; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid. * 31 January 2011; Ivica Dačić (Vice Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior) signing of bilateral agreement on fight against crime and organized crime. * 6 October 2011; Mirko Cvetković (Prime Minister of Serbia) Hispanic-Serbian Business Forum. * 10 April 2012; Snežana Malović (Minister of Justice) visit to Madrid. * 3 May 2012; Vuk Jeremić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid. * 28 May 2013; Suzana Grubješić (Vice Prime Minister for Accession of Serbia to the European Union, European Integrations of Serbia) visit to Madrid. * 6 June 2017; Katarina Lalić (Vice Prime Minister) attends OSCE Conference in Málaga. * 2017; Katarina Lalić (Vice Prime Minister) meets with the State Secretary López Herrera and Spanish director for international legal advice for Kosovo. * 8 June 2017; Ivica Dačić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) visit to Madrid. * 19-21 July 2017; Jana Ljubičić (Delegate from the Ministry of the Interior) and Vladimir Rebić (Director of the Serbian Police) visit to Spain. * 26 and 27 September 2017; Ivica Dačić (Minister of Foreign Affairs) attends opening of the Honorary Consulate of Serbia in Zaragoza.

Resident diplomatic missions

* Serbia has an embassy in

. * Spain has an embassy in Belgrade. File:Viviendas del arquitecto Ricardo García Guereta.JPG, Embassy of Serbia in Madrid File:Spain embassy in Belgrade.jpg, Embassy of Spain in Belgrade

References

External links

Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Spain

Embassy of the Republic of Serbia in Madrid, Kingdom of Spain

Spanish Ministry of Foreign Relations about relations with Serbia (in Spanish only)

Embassy of the Kingdom of Spain in Belgrade, Republic of Serbia

Spanish-Serbian Chamber of Commerce

Instituto Cervantes de Belgrado
{{DEFAULTSORT:Serbia-Spain relations Serbia–Spain relations, Bilateral relations of Serbia, Spain Bilateral relations of Spain