The Republic of

Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...

is organized according to Title I: On the State of the Honduran Constitution of 1982. According to Title V: Branches of the Government, the three administrative branches are the

legislative A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...

executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive di ...

and

judicial The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

. The legislative branch is the

Congress of Deputies The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Ma ...

, which is elected by direct vote. Executive power is held by the president of Honduras or, in their absence, by one of the three

vice-presidents A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...

. The judicial branch is composed of a

supreme court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...

, a

court of appeals A court of appeals, also called a court of appeal, appellate court, appeal court, court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In much ...

and other courts specified by the law.

President

The president, the head of state, of government and supreme administrative authority, is chosen by its citizens. The current president is

Xiomara Castro Iris Xiomara Castro Sarmiento (; born 30 September 1959), also known as Xiomara Castro de Zelaya, is a Honduran politician who is the 56th president of Honduras, in office since January 2022. She is the country's first female president, havin ...

who was preceded by

Juan Orlando Hernández Juan Orlando Hernández Alvarado (; born 28 October 1968), also known as JOH, is a Honduran lawyer and politician who served as President of Honduras from 2014 to 2022. A member of the National Party, Hernández previously served as the presi ...

. The vice-presidents are Salvador Nasralla,

Doris Gutiérrez Doris Alejandrina Gutiérrez (b. 21 August 1947) is a Honduran lawyer and politician, who is currently the Second Vice President of Honduras. She was a Representative in the National Congress of Honduras belonging to the Innovation and Unity P ...

, and

Renato Florentino Renato Florentino Pineda (born in 1964) is a Honduran physician and politician who is currently the Third Vice President of Honduras. References Living people 1964 births Honduran politicians Honduran physicians Liberty and Refoundat ...

Responsibilities

# To comply with and enforce the Constitution, treaties and conventions, laws, and other legal provisions # To represent and direct the policies of the state # To safeguard the independence and honor of the republic and the integrity and inviolability of its territory # To maintain the peace and internal security of the republic and to repel attacks or external aggression # To freely appoint and dismiss secretaries and deputy secretaries of the cabinet, along with other officials and employees whose appointment is not assigned to other authorities # To convene the national congress in special sessions (through the permanent committee) or to propose the continuance of regular sessions # To restrict or suspend the exercise of rights in agreement with the Council of Ministers, subject to the constitution # To send messages to the congress at any time by personal appearance, and in writing when each legislative session begins # To participate in the enacting of laws by introducing bills in the congress through the secretaries of the cabinet # To give to the legislative and judicial powers and the supreme electoral tribunal the aid required to make their resolutions effective # To issue directives, decrees, regulations and resolutions according to law # To direct foreign policy and relations # To conclude treaties and agreements and to ratify (following approval by the congress) international treaties of a political and military nature, those relating to national territory and sovereignty and concessions, those entailing financial obligations for the public treasury, those requiring amendment or repeal of a constitutional or legal provision and those requiring legislation for implementation # To appoint (in accordance with the foreign-service law) the heads of diplomatic and consular missions, who shall be Honduran nationals by birth except for honorary posts or joint representatives of Honduras with other states # To receive the heads of foreign diplomatic missions and representatives of international organizations; to issue the

exequatur An exequatur (Latin, literally "let it execute") is a legal document issued by a sovereign authority that permits the exercise or enforcement of a right within the jurisdiction of the authority. International relations An exequatur is a patent ...

to (and withdraw it from) consuls of other states # To command the armed forces the commander-in-chief and adopt measures necessary for the defense of the republic # To declare war and make peace during a recess of the congress, which must be subsequently convened # To oversee the official behavior of public officials and employees for the security and prestige of the government and state # To administer the public treasury # To adopt economic and financial measures when the national interest so requires and to give an account to the congress # To negotiate loans and conclude contracts following approval by the congress, when appropriate # To draw up the national development plan, discuss it with the council of ministers, submit it to the national congress for approval and direct and execute it # To regulate tariffs according to law # To pardon and commute sentences according to law # To confer declarations according to law # To ensure that state revenues are collected and to regulate their investment according to law # To publish a quarterly statement of income and expenditure of public revenue # To organize, direct, orient and promote public education, eradicate illiteracy and provide and improve technical education # To adopt measures for the promotion, recovery and rehabilitation of public health and the prevention of disease # To direct the economic and financial policy of the state # To supervise and control banks, insurance companies and investment houses through a national banking and insurance commission whose membership and operation shall be governed by law, and to appoint the president and vice-presidents of the state banks according to law # To prescribe measures and provisions to promote agrarian reform and improve productivity in rural areas # To sanction, veto, promulgate and publish laws approved by the congress # To direct and support economic and social integration, national and international, to improve the living conditions of the Honduran people # To create, maintain and suppress public services, taking necessary measures for their efficient operation # To confer military ranks from second lieutenant to captain, inclusive # To see that the armed forces are apolitical, professional and obedient # To issue and cancel naturalization papers authorized by the executive branch, according to law # To award pensions, bonuses and allowances, according to law # To confer legal status on civil organizations, according to law # To ensure harmony between capital and labor # To fix and revise the minimum wage, according to law # To permit or deny, following authorization by the congress, transit through Honduran territory of foreign troops # To permit (following authorization by the congress) the departure of Honduran troops to serve in foreign territory, in accordance with international treaties and conventions for the maintenance of peace # Other powers and duties conferred by the constitution and legislation

Ministries and secretaries

General budget

In January 2014, the government of Honduras approved a general budget of 183,635,281,000 lempiras ($9 billion), allocated as follows: *179.681 million for the executive branch *1.864 million for the judicial branch *2.089 million for the

legislative branch A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...

''Newspaper The Herald''

References

External links

Constitución de la República de Honduras, 1982 (con reformas)
{{in lang, es
Honduras' 1982 Constitution with amendments

Politics of Honduras Honduras National cabinets Current governments