Portada principal de la iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba

San Juan y Todos los Santos (St John and All Saints), also known as Iglesia de la Trinidad (Trinity Church), is a Catholic church located on the Plaza de la Trinidad in Córdoba, Spain. It stands on the site of the former Convento de la Trinidad established shortly after

Fernando III Ferdinand III ( es, Fernando, link=no; 1199/120130 May 1252), called the Saint (''el Santo''), was King of Castile from 1217 and King of León from 1230 as well as King of Galicia from 1231. He was the son of Alfonso IX of León and Berenguela of ...

conquered the city in 1236. Built in the Baroque style, it forms part of the

Historic centre of Córdoba The historic centre of Córdoba, Spain is one of the largest of its kind in Europe. In 1984, UNESCO registered the Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba as a World Heritage Site. A decade later, it expanded the inscription to include much of the old ...

, a

UNESCO World Heritage A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...

site.

History

It is believed the original church and convent were built on the site of a mosque although nothing remains of it. Nor are there any remains of the Church of San Juan de los Caballeros which remained after the convent was disbanded. There are however records of the roof collapsing in the 16th century and of its subsequent repair funded by Don Martin de Córdoba. After the building again fell into disrepair, it was decided to build a completely new church which was consecrated on

Trinity Sunday Trinity Sunday is the first Sunday after Pentecost in the Western Christian liturgical calendar, and the Sunday of Pentecost in Eastern Christianity. Trinity Sunday celebrates the Christian doctrine of the Trinity, the three Persons of God: th ...

in 1705. The Baroque building is constructed in the form of a

Latin cross A Latin cross or ''crux immissa'' is a type of cross in which the vertical beam sticks above the crossbeam, with the three upper arms either equally long or with the vertical topmost arm shorter than the two horizontal arms, and always with a mu ...

with a nave covered by a

barrel-vaulted A barrel vault, also known as a tunnel vault, wagon vault or wagonhead vault, is an architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance. The curves are ...

ceiling decorated with painted lunettes. The dome above the

transept A transept (with two semitransepts) is a transverse part of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In cruciform churches, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave in a cruciform ("cross-shaped") building wi ...

is supported by

pendentive In architecture, a pendentive is a constructional device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or of an elliptical dome over a rectangular room. The pendentives, which are triangular segments of a sphere, taper to point ...

s. The church's artwork includes a figure of Christ the Saviour (''Santo Cristo de la Salud'') from 1590 carved by an anonymous author. It was brought from the former convent church of the Order of the Trinity (''Orden Trinitaria'') which used to be located in the Vía Crucis. Recent paintings from the nearby Cofrafía de la Santa Faz monastery include ''Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazerano'' by Antonio Dubé de Luque and ''María Santísima de la Trinidad'' by Antonio Salto. The decorations surrounding the church's entrance contrast with its whitewashed facade topped with a triangular

pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedim ...

and two

oculi An oculus (; ) is a circular opening in the center of a dome or in a wall. Originating in antiquity, it is a feature of Byzantine and Neoclassical architecture. It is also known as an '' œil-de-boeuf'' from the French, or simply a "bull's- ...

. The portal consists of a Romanesque arch flanked by double Doric columns with a

frieze In architecture, the frieze is the wide central section part of an entablature and may be plain in the Ionic or Doric order, or decorated with bas-reliefs. Paterae are also usually used to decorate friezes. Even when neither columns nor ...

triglyph Triglyph is an architectural term for the vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze in classical architecture, so called because of the angular channels in them. The rectangular recessed spaces between the triglyphs on a Doric frieze are ...

s and metopes. The upper section with

Solomonic column The Solomonic column, also called Barley-sugar column, is a helical column, characterized by a spiraling twisting shaft like a corkscrew. It is not associated with a specific classical order, although most examples have Corinthian or Composite c ...

s contains group of sculptures in a niche with an angel in a Trinity robe assisting two captives. The square-shaped sacristy is decorated with several notable murals by

Antonio Palomino Acislo Antonio Palomino de Castro y Velasco (165513 April 1726) was a Spanish painter of the Baroque period, and a writer on art, author of ''El Museo pictórico y escala óptica'', which contains a large amount of important biographical mate ...

(1653–1726). They depict scenes from the Old Testament associated with the

Eucharist The Eucharist (; from Greek , , ), also known as Holy Communion and the Lord's Supper, is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance in others. According to the New Testament, the rite was instit ...

. The church's altarpieces are also decorated with a number of works from the 17th and 18th centuries.

Gallery

File:Vista general de la iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba.jpg, Nave File:Imágen de María Santísima de la Trinidad. Iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba.JPG, María Santísima de la Trinidad (17th century) File:Fachada principal de la iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba DerivateWork01-dpc.jpg, Decorated portal File:Retablos en el sotocoro de la iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba.JPG, Decorations in the lower chancel (late 20th century) File:Retablo mayor. Iglesia de la Trinidad de Córdoba.jpg, Main altarpiece

References

{{Authority control Historic centre of Córdoba, Spain Roman Catholic churches in Córdoba, Spain Bien de Interés Cultural landmarks in the Province of Córdoba (Spain) Baroque architecture in Andalusia Roman Catholic churches completed in 1705 17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain 1705 establishments in Spain