Salzburg (, ; bar, Soizbuag, label=

Austro-Bavarian Bavarian (german: Bairisch , Bavarian: ''Boarisch'') or alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a West Germanic language, part of the Upper German family, together with Alemannic and East Franconian. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million pe ...

) (also known as ''Salzburgerland'') is a

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

(''Land'') of the modern Republic of

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

. It is officially named ''Land Salzburg'' to distinguish it from its eponymous capital — the city of

Salzburg Salzburg (, ; literally "Salt-Castle"; bar, Soizbuag, label= Austro-Bavarian) is the fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020, it had a population of 156,872. The town is on the site of the Roman settlement of ''Iuvavum''. Salzburg was founded ...

. For centuries, it was an independent Prince-Bishopric of the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...

Geography

Location

The state of Salzburg covers area of . It stretches along its main river — the

Salzach The Salzach (Austrian: �saltsax ) is a river in Austria and Germany. It is in length and is a right tributary of the Inn, which eventually joins the Danube. Its drainage basin of comprises large parts of the Northern Limestone and Central ...

– which rises in the

Central Eastern Alps The Central Eastern Alps (german: Zentralalpen or Zentrale Ostalpen), also referred to as Austrian Central Alps (german: Österreichische Zentralalpen) or just Central Alps, comprise the main chain of the Eastern Alps in Austria and the adjacen ...

in the south to the

Alpine foothills The Alpine foothills, or Prealps (german: Voralpen; french: Préalpes; it, Prealpi; ), may refer generally to any foothills at the base of the Alps in Europe. They are the transition zone between the High Alps and the Swiss Plateau and the Bavar ...

in the north. It is located in the north-west of Austria, close to the border with the German state of

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

; to the northeast lies the state of

Upper Austria Upper Austria (german: Oberösterreich ; bar, Obaöstareich) is one of the nine states or of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, an ...

; to the east the state of Styria; to the south the states of Carinthia and

Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...

. With 529,085 inhabitants, it is one of the country's smaller states in terms of population. Running through the south are the main ranges of the Alpine divide (incl. the

Hohe Tauern The High Tauern ( pl.; german: Hohe Tauern, it, Alti Tauri) are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of ...

mountains) with numerous three-thousanders. The

Dachstein Hoher Dachstein () is a strongly karstic mountain in central Austria and the second-highest mountain in the Northern Limestone Alps. It is situated at the border of Upper Austria and Styria, and is the highest point in each of those states. Pa ...

massif and the Berchtesgaden Alps ranges of the

Northern Limestone Alps The Northern Limestone Alps (german: Nördliche Kalkalpen), also called the Northern Calcareous Alps, are the ranges of the Eastern Alps north of the Central Eastern Alps located in Austria and the adjacent Bavarian lands of southeastern Germa ...

border Salzburg Land to the east and north.

Regions

The state is traditionally subdivided in five major regions (''

Gaue ''Gau'' (German , nl, gouw , fy, gea or ''goa'' ) is a Germanic term for a region within a country, often a former or current province. It was used in the Middle Ages, when it can be seen as roughly corresponding to an English shire. The adm ...

''), congruent with its political districts (''

Bezirk The German term ''Bezirk'' (plural ''Bezirke'', derived from la, circulus, "circle") translated as "district" can refer to the following types of administrative divisions: * ''Stadtbezirk'', a subdivision of a city in the sense of a borough (e. ...

e'', see

administrative divisions Administrative division, administrative unit,Article 3(1). country subdivision, administrative region, subnational entity, constituent state, as well as many similar terms, are generic names for geographical areas into which a particular, ind ...

*In the northern part: **

Flachgau The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung (German language, German, "surrounding area of Salzburg") is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg (state), Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Flachgau region (), except for t ...

(Salzburg city and environs), the flat (german: flach) Salzburg Basin around the confluence of Salzach and Saalach, stretching from the slopes of the

Salzkammergut Mountains The Salzkammergut Mountains (german: Salzkammergut-Berge) are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps, located in the Austrian states of Salzburg and Upper Austria. They are named after the Salzkammergut historic region, part of the Halls ...

in the east to the

Untersberg The Untersberg is the northernmost massif of the Berchtesgaden Alps, a prominent spur straddling the border between Berchtesgaden, Germany and Salzburg, Austria. The highest peak of the table-top mountain is the Berchtesgaden Hochthron at . ...

massif and the

Chiemgau Alps The Chiemgau Alps (german: Chiemgauer Alpen) are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps and therefore belong to the Eastern Alps. Their major part is situated in Bavaria, Germany and only a small section crosses the Austrian border into t ...

in the west. ** Tennengau (district capital

Hallein Hallein () is a historic town in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is the capital of Hallein district. Geography The town is located in the ''Tennengau'' region south of the City of Salzburg, stretching along the Salzach river in the shadow of ...

), named after the Tennen Mountains, including the broad Salzach Valley south of Salzburg and the surrounding ranges of the Limestone Alps. *The southern, mountainous (colloquially ''Innergebirg'') part is divided into: **

Pinzgau The Bezirk Zell am See is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Pinzgau region (). The area of the district is , with a population of 84,124 (May 15, 2001), and population dens ...

(

Zell am See Zell am See is the administrative capital of the Zell am See District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Located in the Kitzbühel Alps, the town is an important tourist destination due to its ski resorts and shoreline on Lake Zell. While Zell a ...

) in the southwest, ** Pongau (

Sankt Johann im Pongau St. Johann im Pongau (''Saiga Håns'' or ''Sainig Håns'' in the local Pongau dialect, abbreviated St.Johann/Pg.) is a small city in the state of Salzburg in Austria. It is the administrative centre of the St. Johann im Pongau District. Geograph ...

) on Salzach and Enns, and ** Lungau (

Tamsweg Tamsweg () is a market town in the Austrian state of Salzburg near the border with Styria. It is the administrative centre of the eponymous Tamsweg District ('' Bezirk'') and the largest town of the Salzburg Lungau region. Geography Tamsweg is loc ...

) in the southeast, separated by the

Niedere Tauern The Lower TauernThe New Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 1, 2003, p. 86. or Niedere Tauern () are a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps, in the Austrian states of Salzburg and Styria. For the etymology of the name, see Tauern. Geography ...

range.

Major cities and towns

Salzburg municipalities with

town privileges Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditio ...

: *

Salzburg city (pop. 148,521) * Hallein (Austria) Coat of Arms CoA

(20,022) * AUT Saalfelden COA

Saalfelden Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer is a town in the district of Zell am See in the Austrian state of Salzburg. With approximately 16,000 inhabitants, Saalfelden is the district's largest town and the third of the federal state after Salzburg and Hallein ...

(16,046) * Wappen at st johann

(10,740) * AT Bischofshofen COA

Bischofshofen Bischofshofen () is a town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau in the Austrian federal state of Salzburg. It is an important traffic junction located both on the Salzburg-Tyrol Railway line and at the Tauern Autobahn, a major highway route cr ...

(10,352) * AUT Zell am See COA

(9,683) *

Seekirchen (9,945) * Wappen at neumarkt am wallersee

Neumarkt am Wallersee (5,846) * Wappen at oberndorf bei salzburg

Oberndorf bei Salzburg (5,600) * Wappen at mittersill

Mittersill Mittersill ( bar, Mittasü) is a city in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, in the Pinzgau region of the Alps. It is located on the Salzach River. It has a population of 5,408 as of 2011. Geography Mittersill lies approximately 25 km to the ...

(5,443) *

Radstadt Radstadt (Central Bavarian: ''Rodstoud'' or ''Rodstod'') is a historic town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The town is part of the Salzburg Pongau region. It is located in the valley of the ...

(4,864) Wals-Siezenheim, a common municipality with about 12,000 inhabitants, is known as 'Austria's largest village'.

History

Salt Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in the form of a natural crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quant ...

has played an important role in the region's development; ''Salzburg'' means "salt castle".

Salzburg as an independent state

Independence from

was secured in the late 14th century. The Archbishopric of Salzburg was an independent prince-bishopric and

State State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

of the

until

German Mediatisation German mediatisation (; german: deutsche Mediatisierung) was the major territorial restructuring that took place between 1802 and 1814 in Germany and the surrounding region by means of the mass mediatisation and secularisation of a large number ...

in 1803.

Electorate of Salzburg

The territory was secularized and, as the

Electorate of Salzburg The Electorate of Salzburg (german: Kurfürstentum Salzburg or ), occasionally known as the Grand Duchy of Salzburg, was an electoral principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1803–05, the short-lived successor state of the Prince-Archbi ...

, given as compensation to Ferdinand III, former Grand Duke of

Tuscany it, Toscano (man) it, Toscana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demogra ...

, the brother of Emperor Francis II.

The end of independence

Following the Austrian defeat at Austerlitz in 1805, Salzburg was annexed by Austria as compensation for the loss of

to the

Kingdom of Bavaria The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German ...

, and Ferdinand was transferred to the

Grand Duchy of Würzburg The Grand Duchy of Würzburg (german: Großherzogtum Würzburg) was a German grand duchy centered on Würzburg existing in the early 19th century. As a consequence of the 1801 Treaty of Lunéville, the Bishopric of Würzburg was secularized in ...

Bavarian Salzburg

After Austria's defeat in 1809, the province was handed over to

in 1810.

The country divided between Bavaria and Austria

In 1816, following the defeat of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

and the provision of adequate compensation to Bavaria at the

Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...

, it was returned to Austria with the exception of the north-western Rupertiwinkel which remained Bavarian. The Salzburger Land was administered as the department of Salzach from

Linz Linz ( , ; cs, Linec) is the capital of Upper Austria and third-largest city in Austria. In the north of the country, it is on the Danube south of the Czech border. In 2018, the population was 204,846. In 2009, it was a European Capital ...

, the capital of

. In 1849 the

Duchy of Salzburg The Duchy of Salzburg () was a Cisleithanian crown land of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary from 1849 to 1918. Its capital was Salzburg, while other towns in the duchy included Zell am See and Gastein. Before becoming a crown land, Sal ...

was established as a crown land of the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence ...

and, after 1866,

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

World War I

Salzburg participated in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, as part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 49,000 Salzburgers were called to arms, of whom 6,000 were killed.

Post-World War I Austrian Republics

In 1918 after

, the

was dissolved and replaced with the

State of Salzburg Salzburg (, ; bar, Soizbuag, label=Austro-Bavarian) (also known as ''Salzburgerland'') is a state (''Land'') of the modern Republic of Austria. It is officially named ''Land Salzburg'' to distinguish it from its eponymous capital — the city of S ...

, as a component part initially of

German Austria The Republic of German-Austria (german: Republik Deutschösterreich or ) was an unrecognised state that was created following World War I as an initial rump state for areas with a predominantly German-speaking and ethnic German population ...

and subsequently of the

First Republic of Austria The First Austrian Republic (german: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I w ...

, the separate state which was mandated by the Allied powers.

Salzburg in Germany

In the ''

Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...

'', Austria, including Salzburg state, was incorporated into

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

in 1938.

American control

After the defeat of

in 1945, the Allies occupied the territory of Austria, being recognized as an independent territory under their rule. Salzburg was occupied by the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

Salzburg as an Austrian State

In 1955 Austria was again declared independent of the Allies and Salzburg was once again one of the reconstituted federal states of the second Republic Austria.

Demographics

The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:28 PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:580 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = late ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:10 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo PlotData= color:skyblue width:22 shift:(-60,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till bar:1869 from:0 till:153 text:153,159 bar:1880 from:0 till:164 text:163,570 bar:1890 from:0 till:174 text:173,510 bar:1900 from:0 till:193 text:192,763 bar:1910 from:0 till:215 text:214,737 bar:1923 from:0 till:223 text:222,831 bar:1934 from:0 till:246 text:245,801 bar:1939 from:0 till:257 text:257,226 bar:1951 from:0 till:327 text:327,232 bar:1961 from:0 till:347 text:347,292 bar:1971 from:0 till:405 text:405,115 bar:1981 from:0 till:442 text:442,301 bar:1991 from:0 till:482 text:482,365 bar:2001 from:0 till:515 text:515,327 bar:2011 from:0 till:532 text:531,721 bar:2021 from:0 till:561 text:560,710 TextData= fontsize:M pos:(35,20) text:"Source: Statistik Austria"

Politics

Salzburg adopted its current state

constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these princ ...

in 1999. The state

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...

(''Landesregierung'') is headed by a Landeshauptmann (governor), who is elected by a majority in the

Landtag A Landtag (State Diet) is generally the legislative assembly or parliament of a federated state or other subnational self-governing entity in German-speaking nations. It is usually a unicameral assembly exercising legislative competence in non ...

parliament. State elections are held every five years. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, most state governments were led by the conservative Austrian People's Party (ÖVP). The ÖVP politician Josef Klaus (1910-2001), later

Chancellor of Austria The chancellor of the Republic of Austria () is the head of government of the Republic of Austria. The position corresponds to that of Prime Minister in several other parliamentary democracies. Current officeholder is Karl Nehammer of the Aus ...

, served as Landeshauptmann from 1949 to 1961. In 2004

Gabi Burgstaller Gabi Burgstaller (born 23 May 1963) is an Austrian politician, and the former governess ('' Landeshauptfrau'') of the State of Salzburg. Life She was born in Penetzdorf/ Niederthalheim near Schwanenstadt in Upper Austria. After matriculation at ...

became the first Social Democratic (and first female) Salzburg governor. Salzburg Chiemseehof

The last results, in April 2018 (compared to 2013) were:

The elected Salzburg Landeshauptmann is Wilfried Haslauer (ÖVP), chairing a coalition government of ÖVP, Greens and NEOS ministers (''Landesräte''). The current president (speaker) of the Salzburg Landtag is his party fellow Brigitta Pallauf.

Government

Landeshauptmann Wilfried Haslauer (ÖVP)

* Economy * Tourism * Employment market * Municipality administration * Education * Internal affairs * Fire departments * Public safety * Governor's office * European affairs.

1st Deputy Astrid Rössler (Greens)

* Conservation * Environmentalism * Water protection * Trade * Regional development * Building law.

2nd Deputy Christian Stöckl (ÖVP)

* Finance * State properties and interests * Public health and hospitals.

Landesräte

* Hans Mayr (TS): Transport, infrastructure, housing * Martina Berthold (Greens): Childcare, adult education, universities, research, science, youth, family affairs, intergenerational relationships, desegregation, migration, sports, women's affairs, equal opportunities * Josef Schwaiger (ÖVP): Agriculture, forestry, water management, energy, personnel management * Heinrich Schellhorn (Greens): Social policy, care nursing, culture, folk culture, museums.

Administrative divisions

Districts

The State of Salzburg comprises six districts, known as ''Bezirke'' or vernacularly ''Gaue'': *

Hallein District The Bezirk Hallein is an administrative district ('' Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Tennengau region. Area of the district is 668.31 km², with a population of 54,282 (May 15, 2001), and populat ...

(Tennengau region) * St. Johann im Pongau District (Pongau region) * Salzburg-Umgebung District (Salzburg environs) (Flachgau region) *

Tamsweg District Bezirk Tamsweg is an administrative district ('' Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria. It is congruent with the Lungau region (). The administrative centre of the district is Tamsweg. Geography The area of the Lungau plateau is 1 ...

(Lungau region) *

Zell am See District The Bezirk Zell am See is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Pinzgau region (). The area of the district is , with a population of 84,124 (May 15, 2001), and population dens ...

(Pinzgau region) Salzburg city is its own administrative district.

Municipalities

The state is divided into 119 municipalities, including Salzburg city. 11 of them have city status (''Städte''), 24 are market towns (''Marktgemeinden'') and the other 84 are simple municipalities (''Gemeinden''). Below is a list of all the municipalities divided by district: *

(Tennengau) (13 municipalities): Abtenau,

Adnet Adnet is a town in the district of Hallein, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is famous for its marble and there is a marble museum in the middle of the town. Geography Adnet is situated near Hallein in the metropolitan area of Salzburg. Urba ...

Annaberg-Lungötz Annaberg-Lungötz is a municipality in the district of Hallein, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The municipality lies in the Lammer River valley at the foot of the Gosaukamm. History It belonged for centuries to the Pongau. Only in ...

Bad Vigaun Bad Vigaun is a municipality and spa town in the district of Hallein, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Bad Vigaun, formerly known simply as ''Vigaun'', is located in the historic ''Tennengau'' region, about south of the state capit ...

Golling an der Salzach Golling an der Salzach is a market town in the Hallein district of Salzburg, Austria. Geography It is located on the southern rim of the ''Tennengau'' region south of the city of Salzburg. Here at the confluence of the Salzach and its Lammer trib ...

, Krispl,

Kuchl Kuchl is a market town in the Hallein district of Salzburg, Austria. Geography Kuchl is situated in the broad valley of the Salzach river, part of the Salzburg Tennengau region. West of the river rises the Göll massif of the Berchtesgaden Alps r ...

Oberalm Oberalm is a market town in the Hallein district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is the burial town of volksmusik singer Karl Moik, the longtime presenter of ORF '' Musikantenstadl''. See also * Salzburgerland * Salzburg Salzburg (, ; ...

Puch bei Hallein Puch bei Hallein (Central Bavarian: ''Buach'') is a municipality in the Hallein District (''Tennengau'') of the Austrian state of Salzburg. Transportation It can be reached by suburban ''S-Bahn'' railway from the state capital Salzburg and also h ...

, Rußbach am Paß Gschütt, Sankt Koloman, Scheffau am Tennengebirge. * Salzburg-Umgebung District (Flachgau) (37 municipalities):

Anif Anif is a municipality of Salzburg-Umgebung District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography It is located at the southern city limits of Salzburg. In the south, it borders on Hallein District. Anif is one of the smallest municipalities in t ...

Anthering Anthering is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Anthering lies north of the Salzburg basin. The Salzach forms the western boundary, which is also the border with Bavaria. On the east ...

, Bergheim, Berndorf, Bürmoos, Dorfbeuern, Ebenau, Elixhausen, Elsbethen,

Eugendorf Eugendorf is a market town of 6,439 inhabitants in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. History The town was first documented in the year 736. Geography Eugendorf is located about 10 kilometres to the northeast ...

, Faistenau,

Fuschl am See Fuschl am See is an Austrian municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung, in the state of Salzburg. It is located at the east end of the Fuschlsee, between the city of Salzburg and Bad Ischl. As of 2018, the community has approximately 1,5 ...

Großgmain Großgmain is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Großgmain lies in the Salzburg '' Flachgau'' region in the northern foothills of the Untersberg massif, directly on the border with ...

, Göming, Grödig, Hallwang,

Henndorf Henndorf am Wallersee, commonly named Henndorf, is a municipality of 5,025 inhabitants in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. History The town was first mentioned in 6th century. Geography Henndorf is located ...

, Hintersee, Hof bei Salzburg, Koppl, Köstendorf,

Lamprechtshausen Lamprechtshausen is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Lamprechtshausen lies in the north of the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the Flachgau about 22 km north of the city of ...

, Mattsee, Neumarkt am Wallersee, Nußdorf am Haunsberg, Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Obertrum, Plainfeld, Sankt Georgen, Sankt Gilgen, Schleedorf, Seeham, Seekirchen, Straßwalchen,

Strobl Strobl (or Strobl am Wolfgangsee) is a municipality of the Salzburg-Umgebung District (''Flachgau''), in the northeastern portion of the Austrian state of Salzburg, right on the border with Upper Austria. It comprises the Katastralgemeinden of Aig ...

, Thalgau, Wals-Siezenheim. * St. Johann im Pongau District (Pongau) (25 municipalities):

Altenmarkt im Pongau Altenmarkt im Pongau is a small town in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Altenmarkt is situated 65 km southeast of Salzburg. Economy The town is principally known for its winter tourism. It is also the location of the factory manufactur ...

Bad Gastein Bad Gastein (; formerly ''Badgastein''; Southern Bavarian: ''Bod Goschdei'') is a spa town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Picturesquely situated in a high valley of the Hohe Tauern mountain range, it ...

, Bad Hofgastein,

, Dorfgastein,

Eben im Pongau Eben im Pongau is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The municipality lies on the northwest edge of the Radstadt basin in the Ennspongau. To the south is the valley of the upper Enns, ...

, Filzmoos, Flachau, Forstau, Goldegg, Grossarl, Hüttau, Hüttschlag, Kleinarl, Mühlbach am Hochkönig, Pfarrwerfen,

, Sankt Martin am Tennengebirge,

Sankt Veit im Pongau Sankt Veit im Pongau is a market town in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. St.Veit is the first healthy climate spa town in Salzburg. Submontane to the "Hochglocker" there is the 1912 founded sanatorium. Author ...

Schwarzach im Pongau Schwarzach im Pongau is a market town in the St. Johann im Pongau District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography It is located in the valley of the Salzach river, between the Hohe Tauern mountain range (Goldberg and Ankogel groups) in the ...

, Untertauern, Wagrain, Werfen, Werfenweng. *

(Lungau) (15 municipalities): Göriach, Lessach,

Mariapfarr Mariapfarr is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. ...

Mauterndorf Mauterndorf (Southern Bavarian: ''Mautndorf'') is a market town of the Tamsweg District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. The municipality also comprises the Katastralgemeinden ''Faningberg, Neuseß'' and ''Steindorf''. Geography It is located in ...

, Muhr,

Ramingstein Ramingstein is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Ramingstein lies in the far southeast of the state of Salzburg at the meeting of the states of Salzburg, Styria, and Carinthia. It is the onl ...

, Sankt Andrä im Lungau, Sankt Margarethen im Lungau, Sankt Michael im Lungau,

Thomatal Thomatal is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It ...

, Tweng, Unternberg, Weißpriach, Zederhaus. *

(Pinzgau) (28 municipalities):

Bramberg am Wildkogel Bramberg am Wildkogel is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg, Austria. The town lies at the south foot of the high Wildkogel mountain. The town's average elevation is . History In ancient time ...

Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße (Southern Bavarian: ''Bruck a da Glocknerstrouss'') is a municipality in Zell am See District, in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Bruck in the historic ''Pinzgau'' region is situated in the valley of ...

Dienten am Hochkönig Dienten am Hochkönig () is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria. The population (as of May 2001) is 800. Dienten is also part of the High King Mountain Ski Area. Geography The mun ...

, Fusch an der Großglocknerstraße,

Hollersbach im Pinzgau Hollersbach im Pinzgau ( bar, Hoierschbouch an Pinzgau) is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria. The population (as of May 2001) is 1159. Overview Yearly, in the end of September, it ...

Kaprun Kaprun () is a municipality in the Zell am See District in the state of Salzburg, Austria. The town is a tourist destination known as "Zell am See-Kaprun" with the neighbouring Zell am See and known for the glacier Kitzsteinhorn. Geography It is ...

Krimml Krimml is a municipality in Zell am See District, in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, in the Pinzgau region. Geography Krimml is situated on the Salzach river, at the southwestern rim of the upper (western) ''Pinzgau'' region near the bo ...

, Lend,

Leogang Leogang is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria. It is a famous winter sports and summer mountain hiking resort. Population Sights :Mining and Gothic Museum :tourist mine Schwarzle ...

, Lofer,

Maishofen Maishofen is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying ...

, Maria Alm,

Neukirchen am Großvenediger Neukirchen am Großvenediger is a market town in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Cen ...

Niedernsill Niedernsill ( bar, Niedansü) is a town located in the Zell am See (district), Zell am See district in the Salzburg (state), state of Salzburg in Austria. It is best known for its winter sports of skiing and its summer activities of hiking. Popula ...

, Piesendorf,

Rauris Rauris is a municipality in Salzburg (state) in the area of Pinzgau in Austria. There are about 3,150 inhabitants living in Rauris. Geography The market town Rauris is located in the Pinzgau in the state Salzburg at the river Rauriser Ache at ...

Saalbach-Hinterglemm Saalbach-Hinterglemm is a municipality in the district of Zell am See ( Pinzgau region), in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is well known for its skiing and other winter sports. A four piste network consisting of Saalbach, Hinterglemm, Fieberb ...

, Sankt Martin bei Lofer, Stuhlfelden, Taxenbach, Unken, Uttendorf, Viehhofen, Wald im Pinzgau, Weißbach bei Lofer,

Economy

The

Gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is oft ...

(GDP) of the state was 29 billion € in 2018, accounting for 7.5% of the Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 46,500 € or 154% of the EU27 average in the same year. Salzburg is the state with the highest GDP per capita in Austria before Vienna.

Architecture

The

Salzburg Cathedral , native_name_lang = , image = Salzburg Cathedral 1.jpg , imagesize = , imagelink = , imagealt = , landscape = , caption = , pushpin map ...

was the first Baroque building in the German-speaking artistic world. Two other important buildings initiated by the Salzburg archbishops were Hohenwerfen Castle and

Hohensalzburg Fortress Hohensalzburg Fortress (german: Festung Hohensalzburg, lit=High Salzburg Fortress) is a large medieval fortress in the city of Salzburg, Austria. It sits atop the Festungsberg at an altitude of 506 m. It was erected at the behest of the Prince-Arc ...

. The first

Archbishop of Salzburg The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg ( la, Archidioecesis Salisburgensis) is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in Austria. The archdiocese is one of two Austrian archdioceses, serving alongside the Archdiocese ...

was

Arno of Salzburg Arno, Arn or Aquila (c. 750–821) was bishop of Salzburg, and afterwards its first archbishop. He preserved his voluminous correspondence from the scholar Alcuin of York. Early years He entered the church at an early age, and after passing so ...

(785–821), in whose honor the world-famous hiking circuit — the Arnoweg — is named. The predominant stylistic elements of Salzburg architecture have their origins in the Baroque and the

Rococo Rococo (, also ), less commonly Roccoco or Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, ...

periods. Salzburg city's historic centre was named by

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

as a

World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...

Language

Austrian German Austrian German (german: Österreichisches Deutsch), Austrian Standard German (ASG), Standard Austrian German (), or Austrian High German (), is the variety of Standard German written and spoken in Austria. It has the highest sociolinguistic p ...

is the local written language, and it can be heard especially in the cities.

is also spoken, especially in the rural areas and the common

language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...

of Salzburgerland.

Visitors' attractions

* Eisriesenwelt, the largest ice cave in the world * Großglockner Hochalpenstraße: a panoramic road, called ''Grossglockner High Alpine Road'' *

Salzkammergut The Salzkammergut (; ; bar, Soizkaumaguad, label=Central Austro-Bavarian) is a resort area in Austria, stretching from the city of Salzburg eastwards along the Alpine Foreland and the Northern Limestone Alps to the peaks of the Dachstein Mou ...

: a lake district situated in Salzburg state,

and Styria * Liechtensteinklamm: Salzburg is home to one of the longest and deepest gorges of the

Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Swi ...

, the ''Liechtensteinklamm''. It is located near

or ''St.Johann/Pg.'', a small town in the middle of the state. *

Nonnberg Abbey Nonnberg Abbey (german: Stift Nonnberg) is a Benedictine monastery in Salzburg, Austria. Founded by Saint Rupert of Salzburg, it is the oldest continuously existing nunnery in the German-speaking world. The monastery complex is today a protected ...

, a Benedictine monastery that was immortalized in the movie ''

The Sound of Music ''The Sound of Music'' is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. It is based on the 1949 memoir of Maria von Trapp, ''The Story of the Trapp Family Singers''. S ...

''.

Sports

Salzburgring The Salzburgring is a motorsport race track located in Plainfeld, east of Salzburg. Key Facts Track Length Bends 15 Straights ...

, a permanent racing circuit, north east of the city of

* Ski Amadé * Kitzsteinhorn, skiing the year round on a glacier * Icespeedway in St. Johann im Pongau *

Aperschnalzen Aperschnalzen (Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ''Apaschnoizn'') is an old tradition of competitive whipcracking revived in the first half of the 20th century in Bavaria and Salzburg. The word "aper" means "area free of snow" in the Bavarian lan ...

, an old tradition of competitive

whipcracking Whipcracking is the act of producing a cracking sound through the use of a whip. Used during livestock driving and horse riding, it has also become an art. A rhythmic whipcracking belongs to the traditional culture among various Germanic peoples ...

Ski resorts

, Flachau, Wagrain, St. Johann,

(

), Obertauern,

, Lofer, Hochkönig, Krispl

Assorted statistics

*Tourist Regions: 21 *Resort Towns: 115 *Guest Beds: 192,000 *Lakes: 185 *Biggest lake:

Wolfgangsee Lake Wolfgang (german: Wolfgangsee) is a lake in Austria that lies mostly within the state of Salzburg and is one of the best known lakes in the Salzkammergut resort region. The municipalities on its shore are Strobl, St. Gilgen with the villages ...

*Longest river:

*Highest mountain: Großvenediger — elevation *Hiking paths: *Hill farms: 1,800 — 550 of them serving refreshments *National parks: 1 *Marked cycle paths: *Mountainbike trails (including cross-border routes): *Golf courses: 13 *Ski slopes: *Cross-country ski trails: *Night slopes: 14 *Winter hiking paths:

Notes

References

External links

Salzburg State Tourist Board

Salzburg State Government

Pictures from Salzburg

Tours in and around Salzburg

Tours
{{coord, 47.76706, N, 13.364131, E, source:placeopedia, display=title NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union States of Austria