Sacca
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''Sacca'' ( sa, Satya सत्य) is a Pali word meaning "real" or "true". In early
Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...
literature, ''sacca'' is often found in the context of the "
Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: ; pi, cattāri ariyasaccāni; "The four Arya satyas") are "the truths of the Noble Ones", the truths or realities for the "spiritually worthy ones". pāramīs_or_"most_high"_a_
pāramīs_or_"most_high"_a_bodhisattva">bodhisatta_ In_Buddhism,_a_bodhisattva_(_;__sa,_𑀩𑁄𑀥𑀺𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯_(Brahmī),_translit=bodhisattva,_label=Sanskrit)_or_bodhisatva_is_a_person_who_is_on_the_path_towards__bodhi_('awakening')_or_Buddhahood. In_the_Early_Buddhist_schools_...
_must_develop_in_order_to_become_a_Buddhahood.html" "title="bodhisattva.html" "title="pāramitā.html" ;"title="Four Noble Truths: BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY Encycl ...
", a crystallization of Buddhist wisdom. In addition, ''sacca'' is one of the ten pāramitā">pāramīs or "most high" a bodhisattva">bodhisatta In Buddhism, a bodhisattva ( ; sa, 𑀩𑁄𑀥𑀺𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯 (Brahmī), translit=bodhisattva, label=Sanskrit) or bodhisatva is a person who is on the path towards bodhi ('awakening') or Buddhahood. In the Early Buddhist schools ...
must develop in order to become a Buddhahood">Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha, was a śramaṇa, wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition, he was ...
.


The profoundest truth of reality

In the Pali Canon, ''sacca'' is frequently found in the term ''ariya-sacca'', meaning "noble truth" or "truth of the noble ones". More specifically, the term ''ariya-sacca'' refers to the Gautama Buddha, Buddha's "
Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: ; pi, cattāri ariyasaccāni; "The four Arya satyas") are "the truths of the Noble Ones", the truths or realities for the "spiritually worthy ones". first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_ first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_ first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_ first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_ craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava.html"__"title="Taṇhā.html"_;"title="upadana.html"_;"title="Skandha.html"_;"title="jaramarana.html"__"title="jaramarana.html"__"title="jati_(Buddhism).html"__"title="bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha.html"__"title="bhikkhu.html"_;"title="Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava">existence_ Existence_is_the_ability_of_an_entity_to_interact_with_reality._In_philosophy,_it_refers_to_the_ontology,_ontological_Property_(philosophy),_property_of_being. __Etymology_ The_term_''existence''_comes_from_Old_French_''existence'',_from_Medieval_...
,_accompanied_by_delight_and_attachment,_seeking_delight_now_here_now_there;_that_is,_craving_for_ craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava.html"__"title="Taṇhā.html"_;"title="upadana.html"_;"title="Skandha.html"_;"title="jaramarana.html"__"title="jaramarana.html"__"title="jati_(Buddhism).html"__"title="bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha.html"__"title="bhikkhu.html"_;"title="Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava">existence_ Existence_is_the_ability_of_an_entity_to_interact_with_reality._In_philosophy,_it_refers_to_the_ontology,_ontological_Property_(philosophy),_property_of_being. __Etymology_ The_term_''existence''_comes_from_Old_French_''existence'',_from_Medieval_...
,_accompanied_by_delight_and_attachment,_seeking_delight_now_here_now_there;_that_is,_craving_for_Kāma">sense-pleasures,_craving_for_existence,_craving_for_extermination_(of_what_is_not_liked). Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_can_put_an_end_to_pain._It_is_the_remainderless_fading_away_and_cessation_of_that_same_craving,_the_giving_up_and_relinquishing_of_it,_freedom_from_it,_non-reliance_on_it. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_is_the_way_leading_to_the_cessation_of_pain._It_is_this_Noble_Eightfold_Path.html" ;"title="Kāma.html" ;"title="Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava">existence_ Existence_is_the_ability_of_an_entity_to_interact_with_reality._In_philosophy,_it_refers_to_the_ontology,_ontological_Property_(philosophy),_property_of_being. __Etymology_ The_term_''existence''_comes_from_Old_French_''existence'',_from_Medieval_...
,_accompanied_by_delight_and_attachment,_seeking_delight_now_here_now_there;_that_is,_craving_for_Kāma">sense-pleasures,_craving_for_existence,_craving_for_extermination_(of_what_is_not_liked). Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_can_put_an_end_to_pain._It_is_the_remainderless_fading_away_and_cessation_of_that_same_craving,_the_giving_up_and_relinquishing_of_it,_freedom_from_it,_non-reliance_on_it. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_is_the_way_leading_to_the_cessation_of_pain._It_is_this_Noble_Eightfold_Path">Noble_Eight-factored_Path,_that_is_to_say,_right_view,_right_resolve,_right_speech,_right_action,_right_livelihood,_
first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava">existence_ Existence_is_the_ability_of_an_entity_to_interact_with_reality._In_philosophy,_it_refers_to_the_ontology,_ontological_Property_(philosophy),_property_of_being. __Etymology_ The_term_''existence''_comes_from_Old_French_''existence'',_from_Medieval_...
,_accompanied_by_delight_and_attachment,_seeking_delight_now_here_now_there;_that_is,_craving_for_Kāma">sense-pleasures,_craving_for_existence,_craving_for_extermination_(of_what_is_not_liked). Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_can_put_an_end_to_pain._It_is_the_remainderless_fading_away_and_cessation_of_that_same_craving,_the_giving_up_and_relinquishing_of_it,_freedom_from_it,_non-reliance_on_it. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_is_the_way_leading_to_the_cessation_of_pain._It_is_this_Noble_Eightfold_Path">Noble_Eight-factored_Path,_that_is_to_say,_right_view,_right_resolve,_right_speech,_right_action,_right_livelihood,_Four_Right_Exertions">right_effort_ The_Noble_Eightfold_Path_(Pali:_;_Sanskrit:_)_is_an_early_summary_of_the_path_of_Buddhist_practices_leading_to_liberation_from__samsara,_the_painful_cycle_of_rebirth,_in_the_form_of_nirvana. The_Eightfold_Path_consists_of_eight_practices:_ri_...
,_right_ first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana_Sutta">first_discourse_as_follows_(where_''sacca''_is_translated_as_"reality"):
Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha">pain_ Pain_is_a_distressing_feeling_often_caused_by_intense_or_damaging_stimuli._The_International_Association_for_the_Study_of_Pain_defines_pain_as_"an_unpleasant_sensory_and_emotional_experience_associated_with,_or_resembling_that_associated_with,__...
:_jati_(Buddhism)">birth_ Birth_is_the_act_or_process_of_bearing_or_bringing_forth_offspring,_also_referred_to_in_technical_contexts_as_parturition._In_mammals,_the_process_is_initiated_by_hormones_which_cause_the_muscular_walls_of_the_uterus_to_contract,_expelling_the_f_...
_is_painful,_jaramarana">aging_ Ageing_(_BE)_or_aging_(_AE)_is_the_process_of_becoming_older._The_term_refers_mainly_to_humans,_many_other_animals,_and_fungi,_whereas_for_example,_bacteria,_perennial_plants_and_some_simple_animals_are_potentially__biologically_immortal._In__...
_is_painful,_illness_is_painful,_jaramarana">death_ Death_is_the__irreversible_cessation_of_all__biological_functions_that_sustain_an_organism._For_organisms_with_a_brain,_death_can_also_be_defined_as_the_irreversible_cessation_of_functioning_of_the_whole_brain,_including_brainstem,_and__brain_...
_is_painful;_sorrow,_lamentation,_physical_pain,_unhappiness_and_distress_are_painful;_union_with_what_is_disliked_is_painful;_separation_from_what_is_liked_is_painful;_not_to_get_what_one_wants_is_painful;_in_brief,_the_Skandha">five_bundles_of_upadana">grasping-fuel_are_painful. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_causes_pain:_It_is_this_Taṇhā">craving_which_leads_to_renewed_bhava">existence_ Existence_is_the_ability_of_an_entity_to_interact_with_reality._In_philosophy,_it_refers_to_the_ontology,_ontological_Property_(philosophy),_property_of_being. __Etymology_ The_term_''existence''_comes_from_Old_French_''existence'',_from_Medieval_...
,_accompanied_by_delight_and_attachment,_seeking_delight_now_here_now_there;_that_is,_craving_for_Kāma">sense-pleasures,_craving_for_existence,_craving_for_extermination_(of_what_is_not_liked). Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_can_put_an_end_to_pain._It_is_the_remainderless_fading_away_and_cessation_of_that_same_craving,_the_giving_up_and_relinquishing_of_it,_freedom_from_it,_non-reliance_on_it. Now_this,_bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_that_which_is_the_way_leading_to_the_cessation_of_pain._It_is_this_Noble_Eightfold_Path">Noble_Eight-factored_Path,_that_is_to_say,_right_view,_right_resolve,_right_speech,_right_action,_right_livelihood,_Four_Right_Exertions">right_effort_ The_Noble_Eightfold_Path_(Pali:_;_Sanskrit:_)_is_an_early_summary_of_the_path_of_Buddhist_practices_leading_to_liberation_from__samsara,_the_painful_cycle_of_rebirth,_in_the_form_of_nirvana. The_Eightfold_Path_consists_of_eight_practices:_ri_...
,_right_Mindfulness_(Buddhism)">mindfulness_ Mindfulness_is_the_practice_of_purposely_bringing_one's_attention_to_the_present-moment_experience_without_evaluation,_a_skill_one_develops_through_meditation_or_other_training._Mindfulness_derives_from__''sati'',_a_significant_element_of_Hind_...
,_right_mental_samadhi_(Buddhism).html" ;"title="Mindfulness_(Buddhism).html" "title="Four_Right_Exertions.html" "title="bhava.html" "title="Taṇhā.html" ;"title="upadana.html" ;"title="Skandha.html" ;"title="jaramarana.html" "title="jaramarana.html" "title="jati_(Buddhism).html" "title="bhikkhus,_is_the_Truth_about_dukkha.html" "title="bhikkhu.html" ;"title="Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta">first discourse as follows (where ''sacca'' is translated as "reality"):
Now this, bhikkhu">Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta">first discourse as follows (where ''sacca'' is translated as "reality"):
Now this, bhikkhus, is the Truth about dukkha">pain Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, ...
: jati (Buddhism)">birth Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the f ...
is painful, jaramarana">aging Ageing ( BE) or aging ( AE) is the process of becoming older. The term refers mainly to humans, many other animals, and fungi, whereas for example, bacteria, perennial plants and some simple animals are potentially biologically immortal. In ...
is painful, illness is painful, jaramarana">death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain ...
is painful; sorrow, lamentation, physical pain, unhappiness and distress are painful; union with what is disliked is painful; separation from what is liked is painful; not to get what one wants is painful; in brief, the Skandha">five bundles of upadana">grasping-fuel are painful. Now this, bhikkhus, is the Truth about that which causes pain: It is this Taṇhā">craving which leads to renewed bhava">existence Existence is the ability of an entity to interact with reality. In philosophy, it refers to the ontology, ontological Property (philosophy), property of being. Etymology The term ''existence'' comes from Old French ''existence'', from Medieval ...
, accompanied by delight and attachment, seeking delight now here now there; that is, craving for Kāma">sense-pleasures, craving for existence, craving for extermination (of what is not liked). Now this, bhikkhus, is the Truth about that which can put an end to pain. It is the remainderless fading away and cessation of that same craving, the giving up and relinquishing of it, freedom from it, non-reliance on it. Now this, bhikkhus, is the Truth about that which is the way leading to the cessation of pain. It is this Noble Eightfold Path">Noble Eight-factored Path, that is to say, right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, Four Right Exertions">right effort The Noble Eightfold Path (Pali: ; Sanskrit: ) is an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth, in the form of nirvana. The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: ri ...
, right Mindfulness (Buddhism)">mindfulness Mindfulness is the practice of purposely bringing one's attention to the present-moment experience without evaluation, a skill one develops through meditation or other training. Mindfulness derives from ''sati'', a significant element of Hind ...
, right mental samadhi (Buddhism)">unification.
In the Pali literature, these Four Noble Truths are often identified as the most common idea associated with the Noble Eightfold Path's factor of "right view" or "right understanding". And in the Buddhist causal notion of
Dependent Origination A dependant is a person who relies on another as a primary source of income. A common-law spouse who is financially supported by their partner may also be included in this definition. In some jurisdictions, supporting a dependant may enabl ...
,
ignorance Ignorance is a lack of knowledge and understanding. The word "ignorant" is an adjective that describes a person in the state of being unaware, or even cognitive dissonance and other cognitive relation, and can describe individuals who are unaware o ...
of these Four Noble Truths is often identified as the starting point for "the whole mass of
suffering Suffering, or pain in a broad sense, may be an experience of unpleasantness or aversion, possibly associated with the perception of harm or threat of harm in an individual. Suffering is the basic element that makes up the negative valence of a ...
" (''kevalassa dukkhakkhandha'').


Truth as an ethical practice

In terms of the daily practice of Buddhist laity, a lay devotee daily recites the
Five Precepts The Five precepts ( sa, pañcaśīla, italic=yes; pi, pañcasīla, italic=yes) or five rules of training ( sa, pañcaśikṣapada, italic=yes; pi, pañcasikkhapada, italic=yes) is the most important system of morality for Buddhist lay peo ...
which include:
I undertake the precept to refrain from incorrect speech.
"Incorrect speech", at its most basic, reflects speaking truthfully. Regarding this, contemporary
Theravada ''Theravāda'' () ( si, ථේරවාදය, my, ထေရဝါဒ, th, เถรวาท, km, ថេរវាទ, lo, ເຖຣະວາດ, pi, , ) is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school' ...
monk
Bhikkhu Bodhi Bhikkhu Bodhi (born December 10, 1944), born Jeffrey Block, is an American Theravada Buddhist monk, ordained in Sri Lanka and currently teaching in the New York and New Jersey area. He was appointed the second president of the Buddhist Publica ...
has written:
It is said that in the course of his long
training Training is teaching, or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge or Physical fitness, fitness that relate to specific practicality, useful Competence (human resources), competencies. Training has specific goals of improving on ...
for enlightenment over many lives, a bodhisatta can break all the moral precepts except the pledge to speak the
truth Truth is the property of being in accord with fact or reality.Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionarytruth 2005 In everyday language, truth is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent reality or otherwise correspond to it, such as beliefs ...
. The reason for this is very profound, and reveals that the commitment to truth has a significance transcending the domain of
ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns m ...
and even mental purification, taking us to the domains of
knowledge Knowledge can be defined as awareness of facts or as practical skills, and may also refer to familiarity with objects or situations. Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is often defined as true belief that is distinc ...
and being. Truthful
speech Speech is a human vocal communication using language. Each language uses Phonetics, phonetic combinations of vowel and consonant sounds that form the sound of its words (that is, all English words sound different from all French words, even if ...
provides, in the sphere of interpersonal
communication Communication (from la, communicare, meaning "to share" or "to be in relation with") is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term may also refer to the message communicated through such transmissions or the field of inquir ...
, a parallel to
wisdom Wisdom, sapience, or sagacity is the ability to contemplate and act using knowledge, experience, understanding, common sense and insight. Wisdom is associated with attributes such as unbiased judgment, compassion, experiential self-knowledge, ...
in the sphere of private
understanding Understanding is a psychological process related to an abstract or physical object, such as a person, situation, or message whereby one is able to use concepts to model that object. Understanding is a relation between the knower and an object o ...
. The two are respectively the outward and inward modalities of the same commitment to what is real. Wisdom consists in the realization of truth, and truth (''sacca'') is not just a verbal proposition but the
nature Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physics, physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomenon, phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. ...
of things as they are. To realize truth our whole being has to be brought into accord with actuality, with things as they are, which requires that in communications with others we
respect Respect, also called esteem, is a positive feeling or action shown towards someone or something considered important or held in high esteem or regard. It conveys a sense of admiration for good or valuable qualities. It is also the process of ...
things as they are by speaking the truth. Truthful speech establishes a correspondence between our own inner being and the real nature of
phenomena A phenomenon ( : phenomena) is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which ''cannot'' be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried W ...
, allowing wisdom to rise up and fathom their real nature. Thus, much more than an ethical principle, devotion to truthful speech is a matter of taking our stand on reality rather than illusion, on the truth grasped by wisdom rather than the fantasies woven by desire.Bodhi (1999), ch. 4.
/ref>


See also

*
Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: ; pi, cattāri ariyasaccāni; "The four Arya satyas") are "the truths of the Noble Ones", the truths or realities for the "spiritually worthy ones". Four Noble Truths: BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY Encycl ...
* Noble Eightfold Path * Śīla * Adhiṭṭhāna (resolute determination) * Wisdom in Buddhism, Pañña (wisdom) * Dana (Buddhism), Dāna (generosity) * Passaddhi (tranquillity) * Nekkhamma (renunciation) * Upekṣā, Upekkhā (equanimity) *
Khanti Kshanti (Sanskrit ') or khanti (Pāli) is patience, forbearance and forgiveness. It is one of the pāramitās in both Theravāda and Mahāyāna Buddhism. Canonical sources Examples in the Pāli canon identify using forbearance in response to ot ...
(patience) * Metta (loving-kindness) *
Vīrya Vīrya (Sanskrit; Pāli: ''viriya'') is a Buddhist term commonly translated as "energy", "diligence", "enthusiasm", or "effort". It can be defined as an attitude of gladly engaging in wholesome activities, and it functions to cause one to ac ...
(diligence) * Bodhipakkhiya dhamma (Qualities conducive to Enlightenment) *
Two truths The Buddhist doctrine of the two truths (Sanskrit: ''dvasatya,'' ) differentiates between two levels of '' satya'' (Sanskrit; Pali: ''sacca''; word meaning "truth" or "reality") in the teaching of the Śākyamuni Buddha: the "conventional" or " ...
*
Sacca-kiriya Sacca-kiriyā (Pāli; sa, satya-kriya, italic=yes, but more often: ''satyādhiṣṭhāna'')'' or '' sa, satyavādya''; '' pi, saccavacana'' or '' sa, satyavacana''; ''satyopavācana'', ''satyarākya'', ''satyavākya'', ''satyavacas'' or ''saty ...


Notes


Sources

* Bodhi, Bhikkhu (1984, 1999). ''The Noble Eightfold Path: The Way to the End of Suffering'' (The Wheel, No. 308/311). Kandy:
Buddhist Publication Society The Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) is a publishing house with charitable status whose objective is to disseminate the teaching of Gautama Buddha. It was founded in Kandy, Sri Lanka in 1958 by two Sri Lankan lay Buddhists, A.S. Karunaratna and ...
. Retrieved 2006-04-30 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/waytoend.html. * Bullitt, John T. (2005). ''The Five Precepts (pañca-sila)''. Retrieved 2007-11-12 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/dhamma/sila/pancasila.html. * Harvey, Peter (trans.) (2007). ''Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta: The Discourse on the Setting in Motion of the Wheel (of Vision) of the Basic Pattern: the Four Realities of the Noble One(s)'' ( SN 56.11). Retrieved 2007-11-12 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn56/sn56.011.harv.html. * Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921–25). ''The Pali Text Society's Pali–English Dictionary''. Chipstead:
Pali Text Society The Pali Text Society is a text publication society founded in 1881 by Thomas William Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pāli texts". Pāli is the language in which the texts of the Theravada school of Buddhism are preserved. The Pā ...
. A general on-line search engine for the PED is available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/. {{Buddhism topics Buddhist philosophical concepts