E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1 is an
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''SMURF1''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Function
This gene encodes a
ubiquitin ligase
A ubiquitin ligase (also called an E3 ubiquitin ligase) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and assists or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquitin ...
that is specific for receptor-regulated
SMAD proteins in the bone morphogenetic protein (
BMP) pathway. A similar protein in ''
Xenopus
''Xenopus'' () (Gk., ξενος, ''xenos''=strange, πους, ''pous''=foot, commonly known as the clawed frog) is a genus of highly aquatic frogs native to sub-Saharan Africa. Twenty species are currently described within it. The two best-known ...
'' is involved in embryonic pattern formation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its full length sequence has not been determined.
Interactions
SMURF1 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with:
*
ARHGEF9
Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARHGEF9'' gene.
Function
ARHGEF9 belongs to a family of Rho-like GTPases that act as molecular switches by cycling from the active GTP-bound state to the ...
,
*
PLEKHO1
Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family O member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PLEKHO1'' gene.
Interactions
PLEKHO1 has been shown to interact with Casein kinase 2, alpha 1 and SMURF1
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMU ...
,
and
*
SMURF2
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SMURF2'' gene which is located at chromosome 17q23.3-q24.1.
Interactions
SMURF2 has been shown to interact with:
* Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1,
* ...
.
References
Further reading
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External links
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