Robert F. Turner
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Robert F. Turner (born February 14, 1944) was a professor of
international law International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally recognized as binding between states. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for ...
and national security law at the
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, the university is ranked among the top academic institutions in the United S ...
and the co-founder of its Center for National Security Law.


Education

Turner earned his BA in Government with honors from
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. Campuses Indiana University has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration of IUPUI. *Indiana Universit ...
in 1968. While attending the university, he became chairman of the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists Conservative League. Later, he became the National Research Director for Student Committee for Victory in Vietnam. He undertook graduate work in history and political science at
Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...
in 1972 and 1973 while employed by the
Hoover Institution The Hoover Institution (officially The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace; abbreviated as Hoover) is an American public policy think tank and research institution that promotes personal and economic liberty, free enterprise, and ...
. He enrolled in Government and Foreign Affairs coursework in 1979-1981 while attending law school at the
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, the university is ranked among the top academic institutions in the United S ...
, where he earned his J.D degree. He earned a
Doctor of Juridical Science A Doctor of Juridical Science (SJD; ), or a Doctor of Science of Law (JSD; ), is a research doctorate in law equivalent to the more commonly awarded Doctor of Philosophy degree. Australia The S.J.D. is offered by the Australian National Unive ...
(SJD) degree from UVA in 1996.


Career

Turner was a correspondent in Vietnam for the ''
Indianapolis News The ''Indianapolis News'' was an evening newspaper published for 130 years, beginning December 7, 1869, and ending on October 1, 1999. The "Great Hoosier Daily," as it was known, at one time held the largest circulation in the state of Indiana. ...
'' in 1968. He was commissioned a U.S. Army captain through the
ROTC The Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC ( or )) is a group of college- and university-based officer-training programs for training commissioned officers of the United States Armed Forces. Overview While ROTC graduate officers serve in all ...
program and assigned to the intelligence services. He served in
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
from 1968 through 1971, primarily assigned to
MACV U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) was a joint-service command of the United States Department of Defense. MACV was created on 8 February 1962, in response to the increase in United States military assistance to South Vietnam. MACV ...
on detail to the
US Embassy The United States has the second most diplomatic missions of any country in the world after Mainland China, including 166 of the 193 member countries of the United Nations, as well as observer state Vatican City and non-member countries Kosovo a ...
as Assistant Special Projects Officer, North Vietnam/Viet Cong Affairs Division. His duties included interviewing senior communist defectors and prisoners and briefing the media. In his capacity as Special Projects Officer, he also authored a top secret monograph on Viet Cong assassination policy. In 1971, he became a research assistant at the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, where "he contributed ten chapters on communist movements in Southeast Asia to the ''Yearbook on International Communist Affairs'' (1972)." In 1972, he became a Public Affairs Fellow. He spent his first year researching at Stanford and completing his book on Vietnamese Communism and his second year on Capitol Hill. During that period, he also served as Associate Editor (Asia and Pacific) for the ''Yearbook on International Communist Affairs'' (1973-1974). When his fellowship was complete, Turner became Special Assistant and Legislative Assistant to U.S. Senator
Robert P. Griffin Robert Paul Griffin (November 6, 1923 – April 16, 2015) was an American politician. A member of the Republican Party, he represented Michigan in the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate and was a Justice of the M ...
of Michigan for five years. He served as Griffin's national security advisor and was responsible for
Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and ...
,
Armed Services A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...
and
Intelligence Intelligence has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. More generally, it can b ...
issues. He helped draft the language that created the
Senate Select Committee on Intelligence The United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (sometimes referred to as the Intelligence Committee or SSCI) is dedicated to overseeing the United States Intelligence Community—the agencies and bureaus of the federal government of ...
. In April 1981, Turner co-founded the Center for National Security Law with John Norton Moore. He also took a leave of absence to become the Special Assistant to the
Undersecretary of Defense for Policy The United States under secretary of defense for policy (USDP) is a high level civilian official in the United States Department of Defense. The under secretary of defense for policy is the principal staff assistant and adviser to both the secr ...
as well as Counsel to the President's Intelligence Oversight Board, where he served for two years. Then he served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislative and Governmental Affairs for the
United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other n ...
until 1985. Turner served from 1986 to 1987 as the first President and CEO of the
United States Institute of Peace The United States Institute of Peace (USIP) is an American Federal government of the United States, federal institution tasked with promoting conflict resolution and prevention worldwide. It provides research, analysis, and training to individual ...
. Two years later, he began the first of three terms as the chair of the
American Bar Association The American Bar Association (ABA) is a voluntary bar association of lawyers and law students, which is not specific to any jurisdiction in the United States. Founded in 1878, the ABA's most important stated activities are the setting of acad ...
Standing Committee on Law and National Security. He held the post until 1992. He also served as editor of the ABA ''National Security Law Report''. In 1991, Turner co-edited and published ''National Security Law and Policy''. At the time of its creation, the field of national security law did not exist as a separate discipline in the legal profession. In 1994, he received a one-year appointment to the U.S.
Naval War College The Naval War College (NWC or NAVWARCOL) is the staff college and "Home of Thought" for the United States Navy at Naval Station Newport in Newport, Rhode Island. The NWC educates and develops leaders, supports defining the future Navy and associat ...
and became the Charles H. Stockton Professor of International Law. That same year, he was described in a ''Michigan Law Review'' article as one of the "two most distinguished and careful commentators" in the area of the law and the Vietnam War. In 2000, Turner chaired a study investigating the paternity of
Sally Hemings Sarah "Sally" Hemings ( 1773 – 1835) was an enslaved woman with one-quarter African ancestry owned by president of the United States Thomas Jefferson, one of many he inherited from his father-in-law, John Wayles. Hemings's mother Elizabet ...
' children. The project concluded that the most likely father was
Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 18 ...
's younger brother,
Randolph Jefferson Randolph Jefferson (October 1, 1755 – August 7, 1815) was the younger brother of Thomas Jefferson, the only male sibling to survive infancy. He was a planter and owner of the Snowden plantation that he inherited from his father. He served the ...
. In his 2012 book ''Master of the Mountain'',
Henry Wiencek Henry Wiencek (born 1952) is an American journalist, historian and editor whose work has encompassed historically significant architecture, the Founding Fathers, various topics relating to slavery, and the Lego company. In 1999, ''The Hairstons: ...
described Turner as "
homas In the Vedic Hinduism, a homa (Sanskrit: होम) also known as havan, is a fire ritual performed on special occasions by a Hindu priest usually for a homeowner (" grihastha": one possessing a home). The grihasth keeps different kinds of fire ...
Jefferson's chief scholarly defender".


Honors and recognition

*Member, Board of Directors, Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy (1996–present)


Books

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *


References


External links

*
Center for National Security Law C-SPAN videos
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Robert F. Jurisprudence academics American lawyers American scholars of constitutional law University of Virginia faculty Living people International law scholars American legal writers University of Virginia School of Law alumni Indiana University alumni 1944 births Charles H. Stockton Professors of International Law