Ranu Pani
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Ranu Pani or Ranupani is a
volcanic lake A volcanogenic lake is a lake formed as a result of volcanic activity. They are generally a body of water inside an inactive volcanic crater (crater lakes) but can also be large volumes of molten lava within an active volcanic crater (lava lakes) ...
in Ranu Pani Village, Senduro District,
Lumajang Regency Lumajang Regency is a Regency (''kabupaten'') located in the East Java province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,790.90 sq. km, and had a population of 1,006,458 at the 2010 Census and 1,119,251 at the 2020 Census. It shares its land bo ...
,
East Java East Java ( id, Jawa Timur) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia located in the easternmost hemisphere of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean bord ...
. Ranu Pani is part of the
Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park ( id, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru; abbreviated as ) is a national park located in East Java, Indonesia, to the east of Malang and Lumajang, to the south of Pasuruan and Probolinggo, and to the south ...
(TNBTS). Initially, the area of Ranu Pani was around one hectare, but now it is estimated to be only 0.75
hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is a ...
s due to the rapid
sedimentation Sedimentation is the deposition of sediments. It takes place when particles in suspension settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the ...
rate. The population of Ranu Pani is around 2,000 people.


History

In the beginning, one of the Dutch families present in Java during the colonial period managed the land that includes the area where Ranu Pani is now located. The management of land in
Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...
by European families was very common at that time; the management of part of the land in the Iyang-Argopuro Plateau by the Ledeboer family in 1916 was no exception. The Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945 caused the exodus of the Dutch from various parts of the country, with control of many assets assumed by the Republican government of Indonesia. Since that time, many immigrants from various regions (especially Senduro,
Singosari Singosari is a kecamatan, district in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. It covers an area of 118.51 km2 and had a population of 165,357 at the 2010 Census and 180,050 at the 2020 Census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. It is situated abou ...
,
Malang Malang (; ) is a landlocked List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city in the Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province of East Java. It has a history dating back to the age of Singhasari, Singhasari Kingdom. It is the second most popul ...
, Ngadas) have come to live in the village. At present, Ranupani Village has two hamlets, namely Gedokasu (Sidodadi) and Besaran, and is one of the enclave villages within the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) area. The residential area of Ranupani is surrounded by a stretch of agricultural land, which includes, among other things, Scales in the North, Amprong in the West, Rondo Kuning in the East, Suropotong in the Northeast, Reserves in the South and Dempok in the Southwest. Daerah Besaran consists of 3 Rukun Tetangga, while the GedokAsu area consists of 4 Neighborhood Groups. In 1999, Desa Ranupani was separated from the main village of Argosari with a definitive village preparation status by the Government of Lumajang Regency.


Geography


Climate

In Ranu Pani, the climate is warm and temperate. During summer, which extends from November to March, large rainfall amounts are recorded. Winter, from June to September, is relatively dry, with temperatures often below zero degrees Celsius at night.
Frost Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor in an above-freezing atmosphere coming in contact with a solid surface whose temperature is below freezing, and resulting in a phase change from water vapor (a gas) ...
is frequent but light
snow Snow comprises individual ice crystals that grow while suspended in the atmosphere—usually within clouds—and then fall, accumulating on the ground where they undergo further changes. It consists of frozen crystalline water throughout ...
is rarely observed. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as subtropical highland variety (''Cwb''). The temperature average is 13.1 °C and the annual rainfall is 1918 mm.


Tourism

Ranu Pani is a legal start and easiest route point for hikers to Mount Semeru. Ranu Pani is the last village before hiking to Mount Semeru. The village is inhabited by residents of the Tengger tribe and is located at an altitude of 2,100
meters above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...
. Annually, residents in the village always hold clean village and ''unan-unan'' rituals led by traditional shamans. The villagers of Ranu Pani the Tengger Tribe, are native descendants of Javanese people who lived in the era of the
Majapahit Empire Majapahit ( jv, ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀; ), also known as Wilwatikta ( jv, ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ; ), was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia that was based on the island of Java (in modern-day Indonesia ...
. Some villagers work as climbing guides for Mount Semeru otherwise known as porters. Porter provides goods carrier services as well as an introduction to climbers to the top of the mountain. This porter profession is often also a hereditary job. All porters of Mount Semeru are joined and coordinated in a community. Climbers who will go to Mount Semeru will pass through two lakes around Ranu Pani, namely Ranu Regulo located in the villages of Ranu Pani, and
Ranu Kumbolo Ranu Kumbolo () is a mountainous lake located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia. The lake is part of easiest route from Ranu Pani to Mount Semeru The Semeru ( jv, ꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ), or Mount Semeru ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤ ...
which is located on the upper slope about 5 hours hike from Ranu Pani.


Conservation

Agricultural Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...
activities are considered as one of the broader narrowing factors of Ranu Pani, the opening of hills as agricultural land causes
erosion Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location where it is deposited. Erosion is distin ...
. The function of large trees to resist soil erosion cannot be replaced by
agricultural crops A crop is a plant that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence. When the plants of the same kind are cultivated at one place on a large scale, it is called a crop. Most crops are cultivated in agriculture or hydroponics ...
. In addition, the large number of climbers and visitors who throw
litter Litter consists of waste products that have been discarded incorrectly, without consent, at an unsuitable location. Litter can also be used as a verb; to litter means to drop and leave objects, often man-made, such as aluminum cans, paper cups, ...
, resulting in the accumulation of various types of waste and resulting in decreasing the depth of the lake. Even a few times hikers often burn their trash. Previously in 1998, the depth of Lake Ranu Pani reached 12 meters, in 2013 the lake became increasingly shallow in the middle of the lake, reaching only 7 meters deep. Efforts to clean wild plants around Ranu Pani are considered ineffective, so an environmental improvement program is carried out around the lake and planting a living fence on the lake's borders with settlements to reduce sedimentation and the entry of garbage into the lake. Since 2010, TNBTS has collaborated with the University of Brawijaya and the
Japan International Cooperation Agency The is a governmental agency that delivers the bulk of Official Development Assistance (ODA) for the government of Japan. It is chartered with assisting economic and social growth in developing countries, and the promotion of international co ...
(JICA) to try to restore the function of the lake as before.


See also

*
Ranu Kumbolo Ranu Kumbolo () is a mountainous lake located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia. The lake is part of easiest route from Ranu Pani to Mount Semeru The Semeru ( jv, ꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ), or Mount Semeru ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤ ...
*
Mount Semeru The Semeru ( jv, ꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ), or Mount Semeru ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁ​ꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ (Pegon:, Gunung Semeru), is an active volcano located in East Java, Indonesia. It is located in a subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian plate ...
*
Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park ( id, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru; abbreviated as ) is a national park located in East Java, Indonesia, to the east of Malang and Lumajang, to the south of Pasuruan and Probolinggo, and to the south ...
*
List of lakes of Indonesia This is a list of the notable lakes of Indonesia. Indonesia has 521 natural lakes and over 100 reservoirs, covering approximately 21,000 km². The total volume of water held is approximately 500 km³. The largest lake, by both area an ...


References


External links


Official website of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park

Booking hike ticket of Mount Semeru


{{Tourist attractions in Indonesia Lakes of East Java Lakes of Java Volcanic crater lakes Bondoyodo basin