Rail transport in East Timor
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In East Timor, transportation is reduced due to the nation's
poverty Poverty is the state of having few material possessions or little income. Poverty can have diverse social, economic, and political causes and effects. When evaluating poverty in ...
, poor transportation infrastructure, and sparse communications networks. There are no
railways Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a pre ...
in the country. The general condition of the
road A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types of ...
s is inadequate, and
telephone A telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most efficiently the human voice, into e ...
and
Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
capabilities are limited outside the cities. The country has six
airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface ...
s, one of which has commercial and international flights.


Railways

East Timor has no railways. However, a master plan for a long electrified double-track railway was proposed in 2012, with a central line from Bobonaro to
Lospalos Lospalos — sometimes erroneously written as ''Los Palos'', assuming a nonexistent Spanish etymology — is a city in East Timor, to the east of Dili, the national capital. Lospalos has a population of 17,186 (2006) and is the capital of L ...
, a western corridor from
Dili Dili (Portuguese/Tetum: ''Díli'') is the capital, largest city of East Timor and the second largest city in Timor islands after Kupang (Indonesia). It lies on the northern coast of the island of Timor, in a small area of flat land hemmed in ...
to
Betano Betano is a village and suco in the southwest of Manufahi District, East Timor. In 2004, the suco had 4,577 inhabitants. The Betano Power Station The Betano Power Station (Portuguese Central Eléctrica de Betano) is an oil power station loca ...
and an eastern corridor from Baucau to Uatolari.


Roadways


Overview

East Timor has a road network of , of which about of roads are paved, and about are unpaved. The road network is made up of national roads linking municipal capitals (~), municipal roads linking municipal capitals to towns and villages (~), urban roads within urban areas (~) and rural roads within rural areas (~). In a 2015 survey reported by the World Bank, 57% of the rural roads were rated either bad or poor.


National roads

East Timor has 20 arterial roads, designated as A-class roads (national roads), as follows: In October 2016, the
East Timor East Timor (), also known as Timor-Leste (), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is an island country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the exclave of Oecusse on the island's north-weste ...
ese government symbolically launched a rehabilitation project for the
Dili Dili (Portuguese/Tetum: ''Díli'') is the capital, largest city of East Timor and the second largest city in Timor islands after Kupang (Indonesia). It lies on the northern coast of the island of Timor, in a small area of flat land hemmed in ...
ManatutoBaucau national road. Construction was to be undertaken in two sections, Dili–Manatuto, and Manatuto–Baucau, in each case by a Chinese construction company. The project was financed by the General State Budget, and also from a loan fund from the Japanese government, through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). It was due to be completed in mid-2019, and the completed road was officially inaugurated on 26 August 2022. According to a road network connectivity quality assessment published in September 2019, the national road network already satisfactorily connected all national activity centres for all types of vehicles in circulation. However, some of the road segments needed to be improved, in terms of road width, drainage, geometric design and traffic facilities.


Bridges

;Bridges in Dili Two road bridges over the
Comoro River The Comoro River ( pt, Ribeira de Comoro or , tet, Mota Komoro) is a river in East Timor. It flows north into Ombai Strait, reaching the coast in the north western suburbs of the capital, Dili. In its lower reaches, it is the main and largest o ...
link central Dili with the west side of the city, including the
Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport Dili Airport , officially Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Presidente Nicolau Lobato, ), and formerly Comoro Airport ( id, Bandar Udara Komoro), is an international airport serving Dili, the capital ...
and the
Tibar Bay Tibar Bay ( pt, Baía de Tibar, tet, Baía Tibar) is a bay on the north coast of East Timor near Dili, its capital city. The bay forms part of the south shore of Ombai Strait, which separates the Alor Archipelago from the islands of Wetar, At ...
port, which as at early 2022 was due to start operations later that year. The more important of these two bridges is the
CPLP Bridge The CPLP Bridge ( pt, Ponte CPLP, tet, Ponte CPLP) (known during the construction phase as Comoro Bridges I and II) is a pair of two-lane road bridges in the ''suco'' of , a western suburb of Dili, capital city of East Timor. Location The bri ...
; its alternative, approximately to its south, is the Hinode Bridge. At the north eastern corner of central Dili, the
B. J. Habibie Bridge The B. J. Habibie Bridge ( pt, Ponte B. J. Habibie, tet, Ponte B. J. Habibie) is a two-lane road bridge in the ''suco'' of Bidau Santana, an inner suburb of Dili, capital city of East Timor. It is named after B. J. Habibie, the President of I ...
spans the , and connects central Dili with the eastern waterfront of the
Bay of Dili The Bay of Dili ( pt, Baía de Díli, tet, Baía Dili) is a bay on the north coast of East Timor adjacent to Dili, its capital city. The bay forms part of Ombai Strait, which separates the Alor Archipelago from the islands of Wetar, Atauro, a ...
. ;Noefefan Bridge This bridge, also known as the Tono Bridge, was inaugurated in 2017 as part of the ZEESM TL project in Oecusse.


Ports and harbors

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Port of Dili The Port of Dili ( pt, Porto de Díli, tet, Portu Díli) is a seaport in Dili, East Timor. Prior to 30 September 2022, it was the main and only international port of entry to East Timor. On that day, its container operations were transferred t ...
– for passenger ships and cruise ships carrying international passengers * Tibar Bay Port – for import and export goods; opened on 30 September 2022


Merchant marine

Total * 1 Ships by type *passenger/cargo 1 (2010) Routes In July 2022, the
President of Indonesia The President of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Presiden Republik Indonesia) is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president leads the executive branch of the Indonesian government and is ...
,
Joko Widodo Joko Widodo (; born 21 June 1961), popularly known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who is the 7th and current president of Indonesia. Elected in July 2014, he was the first Indonesian president not to come from an elite ...
, urged the government of East Timor to open a shipping route between Kupang, Dili, and Darwin, to boost sea lane connectivity.


Airports

, East Timor had eight airports. The three major ones were the
Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport Dili Airport , officially Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Presidente Nicolau Lobato, ), and formerly Comoro Airport ( id, Bandar Udara Komoro), is an international airport serving Dili, the capital ...
in Dili, the Cakung or Baucau Airport in Baucau, and the
Suai Airport Suai Airport , officially Commander in Chief of FALINTIL, Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão, International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Comandante-Chefe das FALINTIL, Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão, ), and also known as Covalima Airport, is an airport ...
in Suai. Only the first two of these were designed as international airports. The
Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport Dili Airport , officially Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Presidente Nicolau Lobato, ), and formerly Comoro Airport ( id, Bandar Udara Komoro), is an international airport serving Dili, the capital ...
in
Dili Dili (Portuguese/Tetum: ''Díli'') is the capital, largest city of East Timor and the second largest city in Timor islands after Kupang (Indonesia). It lies on the northern coast of the island of Timor, in a small area of flat land hemmed in ...
is the main international airport. Commercial scheduled service is also provided at
Suai Airport Suai Airport , officially Commander in Chief of FALINTIL, Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão, International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Comandante-Chefe das FALINTIL, Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão, ), and also known as Covalima Airport, is an airport ...
and
Oecusse Airport Oecusse Airport , officially Oecusse Route of the Sandalwood International Airport ( pt, Aeroporto Internacional Oé-cusse Ambeno Rota do Sândalo, ), and formerly Palaban Airport, is an international airport serving Pante Macassar, the capital ...
. Local airports include Baucau Airport and
Viqueque Airport Viqueque Airport serves Viqueque, East Timor East Timor (), also known as Timor-Leste (), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is an island country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, th ...
. No airport in East Timor is officially available for night operations, but the government permits such operations in emergencies.


Heliports

8 (2012)


References

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Further reading

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External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In East Timor