The gens Pomponia was a plebeian family at

ancient Rome In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...

. Its members appear throughout the history of the

Roman Republic The Roman Republic ( la, Res publica Romana ) was a form of government of Rome and the era of the classical Roman civilization when it was run through public representation of the Roman people. Beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Ki ...

, and into imperial times. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Marcus Pomponius,

tribune of the plebs Tribune of the plebs, tribune of the people or plebeian tribune ( la, tribunus plebis) was the first office of the Roman state that was open to the plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most important check on the power o ...

in 449 BC; the first who obtained the

consulship A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the ''cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politic ...

was

Manius Pomponius Matho Manius Pomponius Matho ( 236 – 211 BC) was a Roman general who was elected consul for the year 233 BC with Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus. He was also the maternal grandfather of the general and statesman Scipio Africanus. Career During his c ...

in 233 BC.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 493 ("

Pomponia Gens The gens Pomponia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Its members appear throughout the history of the Roman Republic, and into imperial times. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Marcus Pomponius, tribune of the plebs in 449 BC ...

").

Origin

In the latter part of the Republic, it was common for various gentes to claim descent from the founding figures of Rome; the companions of

Aeneas In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas (, ; from ) was a Trojan hero, the son of the Trojan prince Anchises and the Greek goddess Aphrodite (equivalent to the Roman Venus). His father was a first cousin of King Priam of Troy (both being grandsons ...

, Romulus, or those who came to Rome in the time of the kings. The Pomponii claimed to be descended from Pompo, one of the sons of Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome, whose image appears on some of their coins. Several other gentes also claimed Numa as their ancestor. ''Pompo'', asserted as the name of the ancestor of the Pompilii, does indeed appear to have been an ancient praenomen of Sabine origin. It was the

Oscan Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy. The language is in the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic branch of the Italic languages. Oscan is therefore a close relative of Umbrian. Oscan was spoken by a number of tribes, including ...

equivalent of '' Quintus'', a very common name. Numa's father is said to have been named ''Pompo Pompilius'', and it is evident that the nomen ''Pompilius'' was itself a patronymic surname derived from ''Pompo''. ''Pomponius'' appears to be derived from an adjectival form of that name, and the equivalent of the

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

nomen '' Quinctilius''. Thus, it is reasonably certain that some ancestor of the Pomponii was indeed named ''Pompo'', although the claim that he was the son of Numa may well be a later addition. An alternative explanation suggested during the early nineteenth century, was that the name might be derived from an Etruscan root, ''

Pumpu The gens Pomponia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Its members appear throughout the history of the Roman Republic, and into imperial times. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Marcus Pomponius, tribune of the plebs in 449 BC ...

'' or ''Pumpili''. In her ''History of Etruria'', Mrs. Hamilton Gray supposed ''Pumpu'' to have been the name of Numa's mother, adopted as a surname according to a tradition common to the Etruscan and Sabine cultures.

Praenomina

The Pomponii used a wide variety of

praenomina The ''praenomen'' (; plural: ''praenomina'') was a personal name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the ''dies lustricus'' (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birt ...

. The principal names were '' Marcus,

Lucius Lucius ( el, Λούκιος ''Loukios''; ett, Luvcie) is a male given name derived from '' Lucius'' (abbreviated ''L.''), one of the small group of common Latin forenames ('' praenomina'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius derives from ...

'', and ''

Titus Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September 81 AD) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death. Before becoming emperor, Titus gained renown as a mili ...

''. A few of the Pomponii bore the praenomina '' Quintus, Publius'', and '' Sextus''. The illustrious family of the Pomponii Mathones favored '' Manius'', and there are individual instances of ''

Gaius Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen). People * Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist *Gaius Acilius *Gaius Antonius *Gaius Antonius Hybrida *Gaius Asinius Gallus *Gaius Asinius P ...

'' and '' Gnaeus''.

Branches and cognomina

In the earliest times, the Pomponii were not distinguished by any surname, and the only family that rose to importance in the time of the Republic bore the surname ''Matho''. On coins we also find the ''

cognomina A ''cognomen'' (; plural ''cognomina''; from ''con-'' "together with" and ''(g)nomen'' "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became here ...

Molo, Musa'', and ''Rufus'', but none of these occur in ancient writers. The other surnames found during the Republic, such as ''Atticus'', were personal cognomina. Numerous surnames appear in imperial times.

Members

Early Pomponii

* Marcus Pomponius,

in 449 BC. * Marcus Pomponius, ''tribunus plebis'' in 362 BC, brought an accusation against Lucius Manlius Capitolinus, the dictator of the preceding year, but withdrew it after being threatened by the dictator's son, Titus Manlius Torquatus.

Pomponii Rufi

* Lucius Pomponius Rufus, grandfather of the consular tribune of 399 BC. * Lucius Pomponius L. f. Rufus, father of the consular tribune. * Marcus Pomponius L. f. L. n. Rufus, consular tribune in 399 BC.Broughton, vol. I, p. 85. * Quintus Pomponius (L. f. L. n. Rufus), tribune of the plebs in 395 BC, opposed a measure to establish a colony at

Veii Veii (also Veius; it, Veio) was an important ancient Etruscan city situated on the southern limits of Etruria and north-northwest of Rome, Italy. It now lies in Isola Farnese, in the comune of Rome. Many other sites associated with and in the ...

, for which reason he was accused and fined two years later.

Pomponii Mathones

* Manius Pomponius Matho, grandfather of the consul of 233 BC. * Manius Pomponius M'. n. Matho, father of the consul of 233 BC. * Manius Pomponius M'. f. M'. n. Matho, consul in 233 BC.Broughton, vol. I, p. 224. * Marcus Pomponius M'. f. M'. n. Matho, consul in 231 BC. * Marcus Pomponius (M. f. M'. n.) Matho,

praetor Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge vari ...

in 204 BC.

Pomponii Bassi

Titus Pomponius Bassus Titus Pomponius Bassus was a Roman senator who held a number of imperial appointments. He was suffect consul in the '' nundinium'' of September–December 94 as the colleague of Lucius Silius Decianus. He enters history as the ''legatus'' or as ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 94. * Lucius Pomponius Bassus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 118. * Lucius Pomponius L. f. Bassus Cascus Scribonianus, consul ''suffectus'' between AD 128 and 143. * Gaius Pomponius C. f. Bassus Terentianus, consul ''suffectus'' around AD 193. * Pomponius Bassus, consul in AD 211, put to death by

Elagabalus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Sextus Varius Avitus Bassianus, 204 – 11/12 March 222), better known by his nickname "Elagabalus" (, ), was Roman emperor from 218 to 222, while he was still a teenager. His short reign was conspicuous for s ...

, so that the emperor could marry his widow, Annia Faustina. * Pomponius Bassus, consul in AD 259 and 271; in the latter year, his colleague was the emperor Aurelian.

Others

Republican Pomponii

Pomponia Pomponia is the female name for the Pomponia gens of Ancient Rome. This family was one of the oldest families in Rome. Various women bearing this name lived during the Middle and Late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. The oldest known Pompon ...

, the wife of Publius Cornelius Scipio, and mother of Scipio Africanus. * Sextus Pomponius,

legate Legate may refer to: *Legatus, a higher ranking general officer of the Roman army drawn from among the senatorial class :*Legatus Augusti pro praetore, a provincial governor in the Roman Imperial period *A member of a legation *A representative, ...

of the consul Tiberius Sempronius Longus in 218 BC, the first year of the Second Punic War. *

Titus Pomponius Veientanus Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September 81 AD) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death. Before becoming emperor, Titus gained renown as a mili ...

, a ''

publican In antiquity, publicans ( Greek τελώνης ''telōnēs'' (singular); Latin ''publicanus'' (singular); ''publicani'' (plural)) were public contractors, in whose official capacity they often supplied the Roman legions and military, managed th ...

us'', who as commander of some of the allied troops in southern Italy in 213 BC, attacked the

Carthaginian The term Carthaginian ( la, Carthaginiensis ) usually refers to a citizen of Ancient Carthage. It can also refer to: * Carthaginian (ship), a three-masted schooner built in 1921 * Insurgent privateers; nineteenth-century South American privateers, ...

general

Hanno Hanno may refer to: People * Hanno (given name) :* Hanunu (8th century BC), Philistine king previously rendered by scholars as "Hanno" *Hanno ( xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤀 , '; , ''Hannōn''), common Carthaginian name :* Hanno the Navigator, Carthagi ...

; he was defeated and taken prisoner. * Marcus Pomponius, praetor ''urbanus'' in 161 BC, obtained a decree of the senate, forbidding philosophers and rhetoricians from living at Rome. * Marcus Pomponius, an intimate friend of

Gaius Gracchus Gaius Sempronius Gracchus ( – 121 BC) was a reformist Roman politician in the 2nd century BC. He is most famous for his tribunate for the years 123 and 122 BC, in which he proposed a wide set of laws, including laws to establish ...

, who sacrificed himself to afford Gracchus to escape his pursuers on the day of his death, in 121 BC. * Lucius Pomponius Bononiensis, a playwright of the early first century BC. * Marcus Pomponius,

aedile ''Aedile'' ( ; la, aedīlis , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to ...

in 82 BC, exhibited scenic games, in which the dancer Galeria Copiola appeared, at the age of 13 or 14. * Gnaeus Pomponius, an orator of some repute, and

in 90 BC, was put to death by Sulla. * Marcus Pomponius, the name erroneously assigned by

Plutarch Plutarch (; grc-gre, Πλούταρχος, ''Ploútarchos''; ; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi. He is known primarily for hi ...

to Marcus Pompeius, commander of the cavalry under

Lucullus Lucius Licinius Lucullus (; 118–57/56 BC) was a Roman general and statesman, closely connected with Lucius Cornelius Sulla. In culmination of over 20 years of almost continuous military and government service, he conquered the eastern kingd ...

during the

Third Mithridatic War The Third Mithridatic War (73–63 BC), the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, was fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic. Both sides were joined by a great number of allies dragging the entire east of the ...

. * Marcus Pomponius, legate of Gnaeus Pompeius during the war against the pirates in 67 BC; he was assigned to keep watch over the

Ligurian Sea The Ligurian Sea ( it, Mar Ligure; french: Mer Ligurienne; lij, Mâ Ligure) is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea. It lies between the Italian Riviera (Liguria) and the island of Corsica. The sea is thought to have been named after the ancient ...

and the sinus Gallicus. * Titus Pomponius, father of Atticus, a man of learning, who, being possessed of considerable property, gave his son a liberal education. * Titus Pomponius T. f. Atticus, an eques, moneylender, and friend of

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the esta ...

. * Pomponia T. f., married

Quintus Tullius Cicero Quintus Tullius Cicero ( , ; 102 – 43 BC) was a Roman statesman and military leader, the younger brother of Marcus Tullius Cicero. He was born into a family of the equestrian order, as the son of a wealthy landowner in Arpinum, some south-east ...

. * Pomponia T. f. T. n., married Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, and became the mother of

Vipsania Agrippina Vipsania Agrippina (; 36 BC – 20 AD) was the first wife of the Emperor Tiberius. She was the daughter of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Pomponia Caecilia Attica, thus a granddaughter of Titus Pomponius Atticus, the best friend of Cicero. Biogr ...

, the first wife of

Tiberius Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was the second Roman emperor. He reigned from AD 14 until 37, succeeding his stepfather, the first Roman emperor Augustus. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC. His father ...

. * Marcus Pomponius Dionysius, a freedman of Titus Pomponius Atticus. * Quintus Pomponius Musa, ''

triumvir monetalis The ''triumvir monetalis'' ( ''tresviri'' or ''triumviri monetales'', also called the , abbreviated IIIVIR A. A. A. F. F.) was a moneyer during the Roman Republic and the Empire, who oversaw the minting of coins. In that role, he would be respons ...

circa'' 66 BC. * Publius Pomponius, a companion of

Publius Clodius Pulcher Publius Clodius Pulcher (93–52 BC) was a populist Roman politician and street agitator during the time of the First Triumvirate. One of the most colourful personalities of his era, Clodius was descended from the aristocratic Claudia gens, one ...

at the time of his death, in 52 BC. * Marcus Pomponius, commanded

Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, an ...

's fleet at

Messana Messina (, also , ) is a harbour city and the capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina. It is the third largest city on the island of Sicily, and the 13th largest city in Italy, with a population of more than 219,000 inhabitants in t ...

; the greater part of the fleet was burnt by

Gaius Cassius Longinus Gaius Cassius Longinus (c. 86 BC – 3 October 42 BC) was a Roman senator and general best known as a leading instigator of the plot to assassinate Julius Caesar on 15 March 44 BC. He was the brother-in-law of Brutus, another leader of the co ...

during the

Civil War A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...

, in 48 BC. * Pomponius, proscribed by the

triumvirs A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...

in 43 BC, he escaped Rome disguised as a Praetor, accompanied by slaves playing the part of

lictor A lictor (possibly from la, ligare, "to bind") was a Roman civil servant who was an attendant and bodyguard to a magistrate who held ''imperium''. Lictors are documented since the Roman Kingdom, and may have originated with the Etruscans. Origi ...

Pomponii of imperial times

* Publius Pomponius Graecinus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 16, was a friend of

Ovid Pūblius Ovidius Nāsō (; 20 March 43 BC – 17/18 AD), known in English as Ovid ( ), was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus. He was a contemporary of the older Virgil and Horace, with whom he is often ranked as one of the th ...

, and the brother of Lucius Pomponius Flaccus, who was consul the following year. *

Pomponia Graecina Pomponia Graecina (d. 83 AD) was a noble Roman woman of the 1st century who was related to the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was the wife of Aulus Plautius, the general who led the Roman conquest of Britain in 43 AD, and was renowned as one of the fe ...

, married

Aulus Plautius Aulus Plautius was a Roman politician and general of the mid-1st century. He began the Roman conquest of Britain in 43, and became the first governor of the new province, serving from 43 to 46 CE. Career Little is known of Aulus Plautius's e ...

, the first governor of

Britannia Britannia () is the national personification of Britain as a helmeted female warrior holding a trident and shield. An image first used in classical antiquity, the Latin ''Britannia'' was the name variously applied to the British Isles, Great ...

. * Lucius Pomponius Flaccus, consul in AD 17, was a friend of

, and the brother of Publius Pomponius Graecinus, who had been consul the preceding year. * Marcus Pomponius Marcellus, a celebrated grammarian and advocate during the reign of Tiberius. * Pomponius Labeo, governor of Moesia during the reign of Tiberius, he was denounced by the emperor for maladministration, and put an end to his life in AD 34. *

Publius Pomponius Secundus Publius Pomponius Secundus was a distinguished statesman and poet in the reigns of Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudius. He was suffect consul for the '' nundinium'' of January to June 44, succeeding the ordinary consul Gaius Sallustius Crispus Passi ...

, a celebrated tragedian, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 44, later triumphed over the

Chatti The Chatti (also Chatthi or Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe whose homeland was near the upper Weser (''Visurgis''). They lived in central and northern Hesse and southern Lower Saxony, along the upper reaches of that river and in the va ...

. *

Quintus Pomponius Secundus Quintus Pomponius Secundus was a Roman aristocrat of the first century, and consul ''suffectus'' in AD 41 as the colleague of Gnaeus Sentius Saturninus.Gallivan, "The Fasti for the Reign of Claudius", pp. 407, 424. His brother was the poet and s ...

, brother of the playwright, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 41, joined the revolt of Camillus Scribonianus the following year. *

Pomponius Mela Pomponius Mela, who wrote around AD 43, was the earliest Roman geographer. He was born in Tingentera (now Algeciras) and died AD 45. His short work (''De situ orbis libri III.'') remained in use nearly to the year 1500. It occupies less ...

, a geographer, who probably lived during the reign of Claudius. * Pomponia Decharis, possibly a

freedwoman A freedman or freedwoman is a formerly enslaved person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, enslaved people were freed by manumission (granted freedom by their captor-owners), emancipation (granted freedom a ...

who was buried in the tomb of

Eumachia Eumachia (1st century AD) was a Roman business entrepreneur and priestess. She served as the public priestess of Venus Pompeiana in Pompeii as well as the matron of the fullo, Fullers guild. She is known primarily from inscriptions on a large publ ...

in Pompeii. She was the adoptive mother of

Alleius Nigidius Maius Gnaeus Alleius Nigidius Maius (15–23 CE – 79 CE?) was a prominent politician and wealthy businessman in ancient Pompeii, who gained wide popularity with the citizens of the town through his sponsorship of gladiatorial games and other s ...

, who became one of the towns most admired patrons. * Gaius Pomponius Pius, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 65. * Gaius Pomponius, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 74. *

Quintus Pomponius Rufus Quintus Pomponius Rufus was a Roman senator active in the imperial service; he was governor during the reigns of the emperors Domitian and Trajan. Rufus was also suffect consul for the '' nundinium'' September-December AD 95 as the colleague of ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 95. * Lucius Pomponius Maternus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 97. * Gaius Pomponius Pius, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 98. * Gaius Pomponius Rufus Acilius Priscus Coelius Sparsus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 98 and proconsul of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

in 112/113. *

Pomponius Mamilianus Pomponius Mamilianus was a Roman senator who held several offices in the service of the emperor. He was appointed suffect consul in the '' nundinium'' of May to June 100 as the colleague of Lucius Herennius Saturninus. He is known through surviving ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 100. * Quintus Pomponius Marcellus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 121. * Lucius Pomponius Silvanus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 121. *

Titus Pomponius Antistianus Funisulanus Vettonianus Titus Pomponius Antistianus Funisulanus Vettonianus was a Roman senator active in the first quarter of the second century AD. He was suffect consul for the '' nundinium'' of May to June AD 121 with Lucius Pomponius Silvanus as his colleague. Vett ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 121. * Quintus Pomponius Maternus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 128. *

Sextus Pomponius Sextus Pomponius was a jurist who lived during the reigns of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Latin: áːɾkus̠ auɾέːli.us̠ antɔ́ːni.us̠ English: ; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman e ...

, a jurist active during the time of Hadrian. * Gaius Pomponius Camerinus, consul in AD 138. * Quintus Pomponius Musa, consul in AD 158. *

Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio (died before 180) was a Roman senator, who held several imperial appointments during the reign of Marcus Aurelius. He was suffect consul in an undetermined '' nundinium'' around 151; he was a consul ''ord ...

, consul ''iter'' in AD 178. *

Pomponius Porphyrion Pomponius Porphyrion (or Porphyrio) was a Latin grammarian and commentator on Horace. Biography He was possibly a native of Africa, and flourished during the 2nd century A.D. (according to some, much later). Works His ''scholia'' on Horace, which ...

, an important commentator on the poet

Quintus Horatius Flaccus Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 – 27 November 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his ' ...

. * Lucius Pomponius Liberalis, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 204. * Pomponia Rufina, a

Vestal Virgin In ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins or Vestals ( la, Vestālēs, singular ) were priestesses of Vesta, virgin goddess of Rome's sacred hearth and its flame. The Vestals were unlike any other public priesthood. They were chosen before puberty ...

put to death by Caracalla.Cassius Dio, lxxvii, 16. * Marcus Pomponius Maecius Probus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 228. * Pomponius Januarianus, consul in AD 288.

Notes

References

{{reflist

Bibliography

Marcus Tullius Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the esta ...

, ''

Brutus Marcus Junius Brutus (; ; 85 BC – 23 October 42 BC), often referred to simply as Brutus, was a Roman politician, orator, and the most famous of the assassins of Julius Caesar. After being adopted by a relative, he used the name Quintus Serv ...

'', '' De Officiis'', '' De Oratore'', ''

Epistulae ad Atticum ''Epistulae ad Atticum'' (Latin for "Letters to Atticus") is a collection of letters from Roman politician and orator Marcus Tullius Cicero to his close friend Titus Pomponius Atticus. The letters in this collection, together with Cicero's ot ...

''. *

Gaius Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and ...

, ''

Commentarii de Bello Civili ''Commentarii de Bello Civili'' ''(Commentaries on the Civil War)'', or ''Bellum Civile'', is an account written by Julius Caesar of his war against Gnaeus Pompeius and the Roman Senate. It consists of three books covering the events of 49–4 ...

'' (Commentaries on the Civil War). * Titus Livius (

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditional founding in ...

), ''

History of Rome The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome. Roman history has been influential on the modern world, especially in the history of the Catholic Church, and Roman law has influenced m ...

''. *

Marcus Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus (; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the per ...

, ''Compendium of Roman History''. *

Valerius Maximus Valerius Maximus () was a 1st-century Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes: ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("Nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' ...

, ''

Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' or ''Facta et dicta memorabilia'') by Valerius Maximus (c. 20 BC – c. AD 50) was written arou ...

'' (Memorable Facts and Sayings). *

Quintus Asconius Pedianus Quintus Asconius Pedianus (BC 9 - AD 76) was a Roman historian. There is no evidence that Asconius engaged in a public career, but he was familiar both with Roman government of his time and with the geography of the city. He may, therefore, have w ...

, ''Commentarius in Oratio Ciceronis

Pro Milone The "Pro Tito Annio Milone ad iudicem oratio" (Pro Milone) is a speech made by Marcus Tullius Cicero in 52 BC on behalf of his friend Titus Annius Milo. Milo was accused of murdering his political enemy Publius Clodius Pulcher on the Via Appia. Cic ...

'' (Commentary on Cicero's Oration ''Pro Milone''). * Gaius Plinius Secundus (

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic ' ...

), ''

Naturalis Historia The ''Natural History'' ( la, Naturalis historia) is a work by Pliny the Elder. The largest single work to have survived from the Roman Empire to the modern day, the ''Natural History'' compiles information gleaned from other ancient authors. ...

'' (Natural History). *

Publius Cornelius Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus ( , ; – ), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars. The surviving portions of his two major works—the ...

, ''

Annales Annals are a concise form of historical writing which record events chronologically, year by year. The equivalent word in Latin and French is ''annales'', which is used untranslated in English in various contexts. List of works with titles contai ...

''. *

us, ''

Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans Plutarch's ''Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans'', commonly called ''Parallel Lives'' or ''Plutarch's Lives'', is a series of 48 biographies of famous men, arranged in pairs to illuminate their common moral virtues or failings, probably writt ...

''. * Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, ''De Claris Rhetoribus'' (On the Eminent Orators), ''De Illustribus Grammaticis'' (The Illustrious Grammarians).. * Appianus Alexandrinus (

Appian Appian of Alexandria (; grc-gre, Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς ''Appianòs Alexandreús''; la, Appianus Alexandrinus; ) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of Emperors of Rome Trajan, Ha ...

), ''Bellum Samniticum'' (History of the Samnite War), ''Bella Mithridatica'' (The Mithridatic Wars), ''Bellum Civile'' (The Civil War). * Aulus Gellius, ''Noctes Atticae'' (Attic Nights). * Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (

Cassius Dio Lucius Cassius Dio (), also known as Dio Cassius ( ), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin. He published 80 volumes of the history on ancient Rome, beginning with the arrival of Aeneas in Italy. The volumes documented the ...

), ''Roman History''. *

Herodian Herodian or Herodianus ( el, Ἡρωδιανός) of Syria, sometimes referred to as "Herodian of Antioch" (c. 170 – c. 240), was a minor Roman civil servant who wrote a colourful history in Greek titled ''History of the Empire from the Death o ...

us, ''History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus''. *

Sextus Aurelius Victor Sextus Aurelius Victor (c. 320 – c. 390) was a historian and politician of the Roman Empire. Victor was the author of a short history of imperial Rome, entitled ''De Caesaribus'' and covering the period from Augustus to Constantius II. The work w ...

, '' De Viris Illustribus'' (On Famous Men). * Elizabeth Johnstone (Mrs. Hamilton) Gray, ''The History of Etruria'', J. Hatchard and Son, London (1843, 1844, 1868). * ''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 ...

'', William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). * Karl Otfried Müller, ''Die Etrusker'', Albert Heitz, Stuttgart (1877). * George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897). * Herbert A. Grueber, ''Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum'', William Clowes and Sons, Ltd., London (1910). * T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952). * Michael Grant, ''Roman Myths'' (1971). Roman gentes

Origin

Praenomina

Branches and cognomina

Members

Early Pomponii

Pomponii Rufi

Pomponii Mathones

Pomponii Bassi

Others

Republican Pomponii

Pomponii of imperial times

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography